US5827183A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of measuring chemical concentration iontophoretically using impermeable mask
Assignee: Animas Technologies LLC
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Filing: 1997-10-29
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Granted: 1998-10-27
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Expires: 2017-10-29
Abstract
Abstract A method for measuring the concentration of a chemical present in a blood stream of a mammalian subject is disclosed. The method involves contacting the subject's skin with a sensor assembly comprised of an ionically conducting material which contacts the skin, a working electrode which is in contact with the ionically conducting material which electrode has a catalytic surface and a mask having an opening therein. The mask is positioned between the skin and the working electrode. When the electrode is activated, chemical is transported through the skin and the ionically conductive material. The mask is positioned so that it blocks the flow into the catalytic surface except for flow which is substantially axially to the catalytic surface. Electrical signal generated at the working electrode is monitored over a period of time and correlated with a concentration of chemical present in the blood stream of the mammalian subject. The mask reduces or eliminates chemical signal which can radially transport toward the working electrode thereby reducing or eliminating edge effects making it possible to obtain a more accurate measurement.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald T. Kurnik
- 👤 Janet Tamada
- 👤 Michael Tierney
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 05:40
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/145; A61B5/1468; A61B5/1486; A61N; A61N1/00; A61N1/18; A61N1/20; A61N1/30; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/002; C12Q1/005; C12Q1/006
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
161 words
A method of measuring a concentration of a chemical present in a bloodstream of a mammalian subject, comprising the steps of: contacting a mammalian subject's skin with a sensor assembly comprising; a) an ionically conductive material in contact with the skin; b) a working electrode in contact with the ionically conductive material the working electrode having a catalytic surface; and c) a mask having an opening therein wherein the mask is positioned between the skin and the working electrode; transporting a chemical through the skin and ionically conductive material whereby the mask blocks flow to the catalytic surface except for flow substantially axial to the catalytic surface; monitoring an electrical signal generated at the working electrode by catalytic conversion into an electric signal at the catalytic surface of the working electrode; wherein the electrical signal generated at the working electrode over a given period of time is correlated with a concentration of chemical present in the bloodstream of the mammalian subject.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
161 words
A method of measuring a concentration of a chemical present in a bloodstream of a mammalian subject, comprising the steps of: contacting a mammalian subject's skin with a sensor assembly comprising; a) an ionically conductive material in contact with the skin; b) a working electrode in contact with the ionically conductive material the working electrode having a catalytic surface; and c) a mask having an opening therein wherein the mask is positioned between the skin and the working electrode; transporting a chemical through the skin and ionically conductive material whereby the mask blocks flow to the catalytic surface except for flow substantially axial to the catalytic surface; monitoring an electrical signal generated at the working electrode by catalytic conversion into an electric signal at the catalytic surface of the working electrode; wherein the electrical signal generated at the working electrode over a given period of time is correlated with a concentration of chemical present in the bloodstream of the mammalian subject.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the assembly further comprises: d) an electroosmotic electrode in contact with the ionically conductive material and said transporting is accomplished by applying an electrical current to the electroosmotic electrode.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical is glucose, the ionically conductive material is a hydrogel, and the catalytic surface of the working electrode comprises a material selected from the group consisting of platinum oxide and platinum dioxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the hydrogel comprises a hydrophilic polymer, water and glucose oxidase.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 4, wherein the mammalian subject is a human.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the mammalian subject is a human.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical is glucose.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the ionically conductive material comprises glucose oxidase.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the catalytic surface of the working electrode is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of platinum oxide and platinum dioxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the mammalian subject is a human, the chemical is glucose, the ionically conductive material comprises glucose oxidase, and the surface of the working electrode is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of platinum oxide and platinum dioxide.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
135 words
A method of measuring a glucose concentration in a mammalian subject, comprising: contacting a first surface of an ionically conductive material with a skin surface wherein the ionically conductive material comprises water and glucose oxidase; contacting a second surface of the conductive material with a working electrode; applying current to the skin in an amount sufficient to draw glucose into the conductive material whereby the glucose is converted to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide and the hydrogen peroxide is drawn to the working electrode; and positioning a mask impermeable to the hydrogen peroxide between the skin surface and a surface of the working electrode so as to shield the working electrode surface from hydrogen peroxide moving to the working electrode surface via any path other than a path substantially axial to the working electrode surface.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
135 words
A method of measuring a glucose concentration in a mammalian subject, comprising: contacting a first surface of an ionically conductive material with a skin surface wherein the ionically conductive material comprises water and glucose oxidase; contacting a second surface of the conductive material with a working electrode; applying current to the skin in an amount sufficient to draw glucose into the conductive material whereby the glucose is converted to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide and the hydrogen peroxide is drawn to the working electrode; and positioning a mask impermeable to the hydrogen peroxide between the skin surface and a surface of the working electrode so as to shield the working electrode surface from hydrogen peroxide moving to the working electrode surface via any path other than a path substantially axial to the working electrode surface.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 11, wherein the mammalian subject is a human.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 11, wherein the working electrode is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of platinum oxide and platinum dioxide.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-10-26 | 2002-04-27 | 2002-10-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-10-26 | 2006-04-27 | 2006-10-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-27 | 2010-10-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |