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US5756355A
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Lipid membrane sensors
Assignee: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
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Filing: 1993-04-21
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Granted: 1998-05-26
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Expires: 2013-04-21
Abstract
Abstract PCT No. PCT/EP93/00976 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 27, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 27, 1994 PCT Filed Apr. 21, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/21528 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 28, 1993A bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) sensor comprising (1) a gold recording surface, (2) a first lipid layer which is an imperfect layer of a thiolipid which comprises the residue of two phospholipid molecules linked to each end of a disulphide (-S-S-) group, each through an oxyethylene (-O-CH2-CH2) chain which is short enough to allow the thiolipid to become anchored to the gold surface by self-assembly, but long enough to trap an aqueous layer between the gold surface and the bottom of the thiolipid layer, said thiolipid being attached to the gold surface and said imperfect layer being completed by a phospholipid which provides an unattached fluid phase at room temperature, and (3) a second lipid layer of phospholipid. The sensor is especially useful for measuring changes in electrical resistance and/or capacity when it is prepared to contain a receptor protein and an analyte containing an agonist to the receptor is contacted with the bilayer.\!
Inventors
- 👤 Holger Lang
- 👤 Bernd Koenig
- 👤 Horst Vogel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 08:50
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/54313; G01N33/5432; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/806
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
160 words
A bilayer lipid membrane sensor comprising (1) a gold recording surface, (2) a first lipid layer comprising (a) a thiolipid having two phospholipid molecules, each linked through one or more --(--O--CH 2 --CH 2 )-- units to each end of a disulphide (--S--S--) group, said one or more --(--O--CH 2 --CH 2 )-- units being short enough to allow the thiolipid to become anchored to the gold surface by self-assembly through the sulfur atom of the broken or intact disulfide group, but long enough to trap an aqueous layer between the gold surface and the bottom of the thiolipid layer, said thiolipid being attached to and covering from 75 to 95% of the gold surface, and (b) a phospholipid providing an unattached fluid phase at room temperature and constituting the remaining 25 to 5% of the first lipid layer, (3) a second lipid layer of phospholipid, and (4) a ligand within the lipid layers capable of binding with an analyte.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
160 words
A bilayer lipid membrane sensor comprising (1) a gold recording surface, (2) a first lipid layer comprising (a) a thiolipid having two phospholipid molecules, each linked through one or more --(--O--CH 2 --CH 2 )-- units to each end of a disulphide (--S--S--) group, said one or more --(--O--CH 2 --CH 2 )-- units being short enough to allow the thiolipid to become anchored to the gold surface by self-assembly through the sulfur atom of the broken or intact disulfide group, but long enough to trap an aqueous layer between the gold surface and the bottom of the thiolipid layer, said thiolipid being attached to and covering from 75 to 95% of the gold surface, and (b) a phospholipid providing an unattached fluid phase at room temperature and constituting the remaining 25 to 5% of the first lipid layer, (3) a second lipid layer of phospholipid, and (4) a ligand within the lipid layers capable of binding with an analyte.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A sensor according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid providing the unattached fluid phase of the first lipid layer is a mixture of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
A sensor according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in the mixture is from 0.5:1 to 1:1.5 molar respectively.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
A sensor according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid providing the unattached fluid phase of first lipid layer and the phospholipid of the second lipid layer are the same phospholipid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
A sensor according to claim 1 wherein a thin water layer is trapped between the gold surface and the bottom of the thiolipid layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
43 words
A sensor according to claim 1 wherein the thiolipid is of the formula: ##STR4## wherein each of m and n has a value of from 1 to 5 and each of R 1 and R 2 is the residue of a phospholipid molecule.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
A sensor according to claim 5, wherein the water layer has a thickness of from 1 to 50 Angstroms.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
A sensor according to claim 1 wherein the ligand is a natural receptor protein.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
A sensor according to claim 8, wherein the receptor is an ion channel protein.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A sensor according to claim 9, wherein the receptor is the 5-HT 3 (serotonin) receptor.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
56 words
A device comprising a sensor according to claim 8 in the form of a cell containing an aqueous medium above the second lipid layer and means for detecting a change in a property of the lipid bilayer when the analyte which is an agonist or antagonist for the natural receptor protein is added to the cell.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A device according to claim 11 wherein the aqueous medium is an electrolyte and the property is electrical resistance or capacitance.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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Cited
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Cited
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Cited
AU1465792A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-05-25 | 2001-11-24 | 2002-05-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-05-25 | 2005-11-24 | 2006-05-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-05-25 | 2009-11-24 | 2010-05-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |