Patent US5727092A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5727092A
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Compression embedding
Assignee: University of California
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Filing: 1995-05-17
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Granted: 1998-03-10
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Expires: 2015-05-17
Abstract
Abstract A method of embedding auxiliary information into the digital representation of host data created by a lossy compression technique. The method applies to data compressed with lossy algorithms based on series expansion, quantization to a finite number of symbols, and entropy coding. Lossy compression methods represent the original data as integer indices having redundancy and uncertainty in value by one unit. Indices which are adjacent in value are manipulated to encode auxiliary data. By a substantially reverse process, the embedded auxiliary data can be retrieved easily by an authorized user. Lossy compression methods use loss-less compressions known also as entropy coding, to reduce to the final size the intermediate representation as indices. The efficiency of the compression entropy coding, known also as entropy coding is increased by manipulating the indices at the intermediate stage in the manner taught by the method.
Inventors
- 👤 II Maxwell T. Sandford
- 👤 Theodore G. Handel
- 👤 Jonathan N. Bradley
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 23:49
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N7/00; H04N7/24; H04N7/52; H04N1/00; H04N1/32; H04N1/32101; H04N1/32144; H04N1/32149; H04N1/32154; H04N1/32165; H04N1/32267; H04N1/32277; H04N19/00; H04N19/46; H04N19/467; H04N19/60; H04N19/61; H04N21/00; H04N21/20; H04N21/23; H04N21/238; H04N21/2389; H04N21/23892; H04N21/80; H04N21/83; H04N21/835; H04N21/8358; H04N19/63; H04N2201/00; H04N2201/32; H04N2201/3201; H04N2201/3269; H04N2201/327
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
160 words
A method of embedding auxiliary data into host data compressed by lossy compression methods that use series expansion and quantization techniques, comprising the steps of: creating a digital compression representation of said host data in terms of intermediate integer indices representing coefficients, said digital compression representation having certain statistical properties; creating a digital representation of said auxiliary data in the form of a sequence of individual bit values; evaluating said digital compression representation to determine pairs of integer indices differing by a specified number of units and occurring with similar frequency in said digital compression representation; replacing individual integer indices in said digital compression representation with values taken from a digital key comprising a schedule of said pairs of integer indices in order to embed individual bit values corresponding to said sequence of individual bit values of said auxiliary data; and outputting said digital compression representation with said auxiliary data embedded into a file format specified for said compressed data.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
160 words
A method of embedding auxiliary data into host data compressed by lossy compression methods that use series expansion and quantization techniques, comprising the steps of: creating a digital compression representation of said host data in terms of intermediate integer indices representing coefficients, said digital compression representation having certain statistical properties; creating a digital representation of said auxiliary data in the form of a sequence of individual bit values; evaluating said digital compression representation to determine pairs of integer indices differing by a specified number of units and occurring with similar frequency in said digital compression representation; replacing individual integer indices in said digital compression representation with values taken from a digital key comprising a schedule of said pairs of integer indices in order to embed individual bit values corresponding to said sequence of individual bit values of said auxiliary data; and outputting said digital compression representation with said auxiliary data embedded into a file format specified for said compressed data.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method as described in claim 1 further comprising the step of combining said auxiliary data with predetermined information indicative of the presence of said auxiliary data, its file name, and file size, said step to be performed after the step of digitizing said auxiliary data.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as described in claim 1 further comprising the step of changing said statistical properties of said digital compression representation for the purpose of improving said lossy compression ratio methods.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from a color image compressed with the JPEG or WSQ algorithm, and their derivative compression representations.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from a black and white image compressed with the JPEG or WSQ algorithm, and their derivative compression representations.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from a television signal compressed with the MPEG and DCT-based algorithms, and their derivative compression representations.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from digital audio represented by lossy compression representations.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from X-ray or Magnetic Resonance Imaging data.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from personal security and identification information.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from fingerprint images.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method as described in claim 1, wherein said digital compression representation originates from images made with a camera producing digital images.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-03-09 | 2001-09-08 | 2002-03-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-03-09 | 2005-09-08 | 2006-03-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-09-08 | 2010-03-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |