Patent JPS5863904A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5707916A
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Carbon fibrils
Assignee: Hyperion Catalysis International Inc
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Filing: 1991-05-01
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Granted: 1998-01-13
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Expires: 2011-05-01
Abstract
Abstract A volume of carbon fibrils that includes a multiplicity of fibrils having a morphology consisting of vermicular tubes that are free of a continuous thermal carbon overcoat and have graphite layers that are substantially parallel to the fibril axis and a process for preparing such fibrils.
Inventors
- 👤 Carl Snyder
- 👤 W. Harry Mandeville
- 👤 Howard G. Tennent
- 👤 Larry K. Truesdale
- 👤 James J. Barber
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 13:54
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/76; B01J23/84; B01J23/85; B01J23/88; B82; B82Y; B82Y30/00; C; C04; C04B; C04B14/00; C04B14/38; C04B14/386; C04B35/00; C04B35/622; C04B35/62227; C04B35/62272; C08; C08K; C08K7/00; C08K7/02; C08K7/04; C08K7/06; D; D01; D01F; D01F9/00; D01F9/08; D01F9/12; D01F9/127; D01F9/1271; D01F9/1272; D01F9/1273; D01F9/1275; D01F9/1276; D01F9/1277; D01F9/1278; F; F16; F16D; F16D69/00; F16D69/02; F16D69/023; H; H01; H01B; H01B1/00; H01B1/02; H01B1/04; H01B1/14; H01B1/18; H01B1/20; H01B1/24; B29; B29K; B29K2307/00; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2913; Y10T428/2918; Y10T428/292; Y10T428/2929; Y10T428/2933; Y10T428/2935; Y10T428/2973; Y10T428/2975; Y10T428/30
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 57
Claim 1
Independent Claim
112 words
A process for preparing a volume of carbon fibrils comprising contacting a metal catalyst with a carbon-containing gas, in a reactor, at reaction conditions including a temperature sufficient to produce said volume, wherein said volume comprises a multiplicity of fibrils having a morphology consisting of vermicular tubes substantially free of pyrolytically deposited carbon, with a substantially constant diameter and having graphitic layers, wherein the length of the projection of said graphitic layers extends at least two fibril diameters along the fibril axis and said metal catalyst comprises iron and at least one element selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, lanthanide, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
112 words
A process for preparing a volume of carbon fibrils comprising contacting a metal catalyst with a carbon-containing gas, in a reactor, at reaction conditions including a temperature sufficient to produce said volume, wherein said volume comprises a multiplicity of fibrils having a morphology consisting of vermicular tubes substantially free of pyrolytically deposited carbon, with a substantially constant diameter and having graphitic layers, wherein the length of the projection of said graphitic layers extends at least two fibril diameters along the fibril axis and said metal catalyst comprises iron and at least one element selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, lanthanide, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least 10% of said fibrils have said morphology.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least 50% of said fibrils have said morphology.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least 75% of said fibrils have said morphology.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein a useful amount of said fibrils have said morphology.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claims 2, 4, or 5 wherein said morphology includes a diameter range between 3.5 and 75 nm.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst comprises iron.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst further comprises at least one Group VI element.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said Group VI element is molybdenum.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said Group VI element is chromium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said Group VI element is tungsten.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst further comprises at least one Group VII element.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 12 wherein said Group VII element is manganese.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13 wherein said catalyst is deposited on an alumina support.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 14 wherein said alumina is fumed alumina.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst further comprises at least one lanthanide element.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said lanthanide element is cerium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said Group V element is vanadium.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst further comprises at least one Group V element.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said carbon-containing gas comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 20 wherein said aliphatic hydrocarbon is at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of methane, propane, propylene, ethylene or mixtures thereof.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said carbon-containing gas comprises an oxygenated hydrocarbon.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said carbon-containing gas comprises carbon monoxide.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim wherein said carbon-containing gas comprises an aromatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 24 wherein said aromatic hydrocarbon comprises toluene, naphthalene, or benzene.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said temperature is between 400° and 850° C.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said temperature is between 600° and 750° C.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising producing at least 1000 weights of said fibrils per 1 weight of the metal content of said catalyst.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising producing at least 100 weights of said fibrils per 1 weight of the metal content of said catalyst.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising producing at least 10 weights of said fibrils per 1 weight of the metal content of said catalyst.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising producing at least 1 weight of said fibrils per 1 weight of the metal content of said catalyst.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising producing at least 1 weight of said fibrils per 10 weights of the metal content of said catalyst.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising producing at least 1 weight of said fibrils per 100 weights of the metal content of said catalyst.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising producing at least 1 weight of said fibrils per 1000 weights of the metal content of said catalyst.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 further comprising growing said fibrils throughout the volume of said reactor.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said fibril volume is continuously produced by continuously contacting said carbon-containing gas with said catalyst in said reactor.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said reactor is heated to said preselected temperature and said catalyst is added to said heated reactor.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surface area of said fibrils having said morphology covered by said pyrolytically deposited carbon is less than 50% of the fibrils.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surface area of said fibrils having said morphology covered by said pyrolytically deposited carbon is less than 25% of the fibrils.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the surface area of said fibrils having said morphology covered by said pyrolytically deposited carbon is less than 5% of the fibrils.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is iron or iron-chromium particles deposited on fumed alumina, said carbon-containing gas is ethylene, and said temperature is between 600° and 750° C.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
13 words
A volume of carbon fibrils prepared according to the process of claim 1.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the length of the projection of said graphitic layers extends at least five fibril diameters along the fibril axis.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process for preparing carbon fibrils comprising contacting a catalyst with a carbon-containing gas in a reactor under reaction conditions sufficient to produce said fibrils, wherein said catalyst comprises iron, and at least one of molybdenum, cerium, or manganese, and wherein said catalyst has less than 8 wt. % chromium.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process for preparing carbon fibrils comprising contacting a catalyst with a carbon-containing gas in a reactor under reaction conditions sufficient to produce said fibrils, wherein said catalyst comprises iron, and at least one of molybdenum, cerium, or manganese, and wherein said catalyst has less than 8 wt. % chromium.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claims 44 wherein said catalyst is deposited on an alumina support.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 45 wherein said alumina is fumed.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process for preparing carbon fibrils comprising contacting a particular catalyst with a carbon-containing gas in a reactor under reaction conditions sufficient to product said fibrils, wherein said catalyst comprises iron and at least one of molybdenum, cerium, or manganese.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process for preparing carbon fibrils comprising contacting a particular catalyst with a carbon-containing gas in a reactor under reaction conditions sufficient to product said fibrils, wherein said catalyst comprises iron and at least one of molybdenum, cerium, or manganese.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
13 words
Carbon fibrils prepared according to the process of claims 47, 45, or 46.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process for preparing a volume of carbon fibrils comprising contacting at least one catalyst particle with a carbon-containing gas, in a reactor, at reaction conditions sufficient to produce said volume of fibrils, wherein said catalyst particle comprises at least one catalyst metal deposited on a support particulate.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process for preparing a volume of carbon fibrils comprising contacting at least one catalyst particle with a carbon-containing gas, in a reactor, at reaction conditions sufficient to produce said volume of fibrils, wherein said catalyst particle comprises at least one catalyst metal deposited on a support particulate.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process as claimed in claim 49, wherein said catalyst metal is selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, lanthanides or mixtures thereof.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process as claimed in claim 49, wherein said support particulate comprises alumina.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process as claimed in claim 51, wherein said alumina is fumed.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process as claimed in claim 49, wherein the weight to weight ratio of fibrils to metal content of the catalyst is from 1:1000 to 1000:1.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2001-01-12 | 2001-07-14 | 2002-01-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2005-01-12 | 2005-07-14 | 2006-01-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2009-01-12 | 2009-07-14 | 2010-01-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |