Patent US5697987A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5697987A
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Alternative fuel
Assignee: Princeton University
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Filing: 1996-05-10
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Granted: 1997-12-16
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Expires: 2016-05-10
Abstract
Abstract A spark ignition motor fuel composition consisting essentially of: a hydrocarbon component containing one or more hydrocarbons selected from five to eight carbon atoms straight-chained or branched alkanes essentially free of olefins, aromatics, benzene and sulfur, wherein the hydrocarbon component has a minimum anti-knock index of 65 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700 and a maximum DVPE of 15 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191; a fuel grade alcohol; and a co-solvent for the hydrocarbon component and the fuel grade alcohol; wherein the hydrocarbon component, the fuel grade alcohol and the co-solvent are present in amounts selected to provide a motor fuel with a minimum anti-knock index of 87 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700, and a maximum DVPE of 15 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191. A method for lowering the vapor pressure of a hydrocarbon-alcohol blend by adding a co-solvent for the hydrocarbon and the alcohol to the blend is also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Stephen F. Paul
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 18:46
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/02; C10L1/023
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
143 words
A spark ignition motor fuel composition consisting essentially of: a hydrocarbon component consisting essentially of a mixture of five to seven carbon atom straight-chained or branched alkanes essentially free of olefins, aromatics and sulfur present in an amount between about 10 and about 50 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition, wherein said hydrocarbon component has a minimum anti-knock index of 65 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700 and a maximum Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of 15 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191, and optionally including n-butane in an amount up to about 15 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition; ethanol, present in an amount between about 25 and about 55 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition; and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, present in an amount between about 15 and about 55 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
143 words
A spark ignition motor fuel composition consisting essentially of: a hydrocarbon component consisting essentially of a mixture of five to seven carbon atom straight-chained or branched alkanes essentially free of olefins, aromatics and sulfur present in an amount between about 10 and about 50 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition, wherein said hydrocarbon component has a minimum anti-knock index of 65 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700 and a maximum Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of 15 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191, and optionally including n-butane in an amount up to about 15 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition; ethanol, present in an amount between about 25 and about 55 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition; and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, present in an amount between about 15 and about 55 percent by volume of said motor fuel composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
59 words
The spark ignition motor fuel composition of claim 1, consisting essentially of: from about 25 to about 40 percent by volume of said hydrocarbon compound; from about 25 to about 40 percent by volume of ethanol; from about 20 to about 35 percent by volume of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; and optionally including up to about 10 percent by volume of n-butane.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
64 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 2, consisting essentially of about 32.5 percent by volume of said hydrocarbon component, about 35 percent by volume of ethanol and about 32.5 percent by volume of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and having a Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of about 8.3 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191 and an anti-knock index of about 89.7 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
71 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 2, consisting essentially of about 40 percent by volume of said hydrocarbon component, about 25 percent by volume of ethanol, about 25 percent by volume of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and about 10 percent by volume of n-butane, and having a Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of about 14.7 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191 and an anti-knock index of about 89.0 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
64 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 1, consisting essentially of about 27.5 percent by volume of said hydrocarbon component, about 55 percent by volume of ethanol and about 17.5 percent by volume of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and having a Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of about 8.0 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191 and an anti-knock index of about 93.0 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
71 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 1, consisting essentially of about 16 percent by volume of said hydrocarbon component, about 47 percent by volume of ethanol, about 26 percent by volume of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and about 11 percent by volume of n-butane, and having a Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of about 14.6 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191 and an anti-knock index of about 93.3 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 1, consisting essentially of about 40 percent by volume of said hydrocarbon component, about 40 percent by volume of ethanol and about 20 percent by volume of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
41 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 7, wherein said hydrocarbon component, said ethanol and said 2-methyltetrahydrofuran are present in amounts effective to provide a motor fuel with a minimum anti-knock index of 89.0 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and ASTM D-2700.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 8, wherein said hydrocarbon component, said ethanol and said 2-methyltetrahydrofuran are present in amounts effective to provide a motor fuel with a minimum anti-knock index of 92.5 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and ASTM D-2700.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
38 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 1, wherein said hydrocarbon compound, said ethanol and said 2-methyltetrahydrofuran are present in amounts effective to provide a motor fuel with a maximum DVPE of 8.3 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
41 words
The motor fuel composition of claim 1, wherein said hydrocarbon component, said ethanol and said 2-methyltetrahydrofuran are present in amounts effective to provide a motor fuel with a DVPE between about 12 and about 15 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The spark ignition motor fuel of claim 1, wherein said hydrocarbon component is obtained from Natural Gas Liquids.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The spark ignition motor fuel of claim 1, wherein said hydrocarbon component comprises pentanes plus.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for lowering the vapor pressure of a hydrocarbon-ethanol blend comprising blending between about 25 and about 55 percent by volume of ethanol and between about 10 and about 50 percent by volume of a hydrocarbon component consisting essentially of a mixture of five to seven carbon atom straight-chained or branched alkanes essentially free of olefins, aromatics and sulfur, and having a minimum anti-knock index of 65 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700 and a maximum Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of 15 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191, with an amount of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran between about 15 and about 55 percent by volume, so that a ternary blend is obtained having a Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent as measured by ASTM D-5191 lower than the Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent for a binary blend of said ethanol and said hydrocarbon obtained from Natural Gas Liquids.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for lowering the vapor pressure of a hydrocarbon-ethanol blend comprising blending between about 25 and about 55 percent by volume of ethanol and between about 10 and about 50 percent by volume of a hydrocarbon component consisting essentially of a mixture of five to seven carbon atom straight-chained or branched alkanes essentially free of olefins, aromatics and sulfur, and having a minimum anti-knock index of 65 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700 and a maximum Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of 15 psi as measured by ASTM D-5191, with an amount of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran between about 15 and about 55 percent by volume, so that a ternary blend is obtained having a Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent as measured by ASTM D-5191 lower than the Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent for a binary blend of said ethanol and said hydrocarbon obtained from Natural Gas Liquids.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said ethanol, said hydrocarbons and said 2-methyltetrahydrofuran are present in amounts effective to provide a motor fuel with a minimum anti-knock index of 87 as measured by ASTM D-2699 and D-2700, and a maximum Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent of 15 psi.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 14, wherein said hydrocarbons and said 2-methyltetrahydrofuran are pre-blended together before being blended with said ethanol.
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| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2004-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | 2005-12-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
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