Patent US5658704A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5658704A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Toner processes
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1996-06-17
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Granted: 1997-08-19
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Expires: 2016-06-17
Abstract
Abstract A process for the preparation of toner comprised of i) flushing pigment into a sulfonated polyester resin, and which resin has a degree of sulfonation of from between about 0.5 and about 2.5 mol percent based on the repeat unit of the polymer; ii) dispersing the resulting pigmented sulfonated polyester resin in warm water, which water is at a temperature of from about 40° to about 95° C., and which dispersing is accomplished by a high speed shearing polytron device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions per minute thereby enabling the formation of toner sized particles, and which particles are of a volume average diameter of from about 3 to about 10 microns with a narrow GSD; iii) recovering said toner by filtration; iv) drying said toner by vacuum; and v) optionally adding to said dry toner charge additives and flow aids.
Inventors
- 👤 Raj D. Patel
- 👤 Guerino G. Sacripante
- 👤 Daniel A. Foucher
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 03:39
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08742; G03G9/08755; G03G9/0802; G03G9/0804; G03G9/0812; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
154 words
A process for the preparation of toner comprised of i) flushing pigment into a sulfonated polyester resin, and which resin has a degree of sulfonation of from between about 0.5 and about 2.5 mol percent based on the repeat unit of the polymer; ii) dispersing the resulting pigmented sulfonated polyester resin in warm water, which water is at a temperature of from about 40° to about 95° C., and which dispersing is accomplished by a high speed shearing polytron device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions per minute thereby producing toner sized particles, and which particles are of a volume average diameter of from about 3 to about 10 microns with a narrow GSD in the range of from about 1.18 to about 1.28; iii) recovering said toner by filtration; iv) drying said toner by vacuum; and v) optionally addling to said dry toner charge additives and flow aids.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
154 words
A process for the preparation of toner comprised of i) flushing pigment into a sulfonated polyester resin, and which resin has a degree of sulfonation of from between about 0.5 and about 2.5 mol percent based on the repeat unit of the polymer; ii) dispersing the resulting pigmented sulfonated polyester resin in warm water, which water is at a temperature of from about 40° to about 95° C., and which dispersing is accomplished by a high speed shearing polytron device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions per minute thereby producing toner sized particles, and which particles are of a volume average diameter of from about 3 to about 10 microns with a narrow GSD in the range of from about 1.18 to about 1.28; iii) recovering said toner by filtration; iv) drying said toner by vacuum; and v) optionally addling to said dry toner charge additives and flow aids.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said sulfonated polyester resin is in a molten form and is heated prior to flushing the pigment into the sulfonated polyester resin to obtain a flushed pigmented sulfonated polyester resin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein said sulfonated polyester resin is heated at a temperature of from about 175° C. to about 200° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein the toner composition particle size is from 3 to about 7 microns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein said toner is filtered, washed with water and dried.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said sulfonated polyester resin is dissolved into a solvent prior to flushing the pigment into the sulfonated polyester resin to obtain a flushed pigmented sulfonated polyester resin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process in accordance with claim 6 wherein said sulfonated polyester resin is dissolved into a polar solvent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process in accordance with claim 7 wherein the pigment to be flushed is added to said solution containing the sulfonated polyester resin followed by vigorous stirring for a period of from about 10 minutes to about 120 minutes.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein said pigmented sulfonated polyester mixture resulting is cooled, water and solvent decanted, followed by vacuum drying.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein said pigmented sulfonated polyester resin is heated to between 150° C. to 175° C. and discharged.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment to be flushed is added to a molten sulfonated polyester resin followed by vigorous stirring for a period of from about 10 minutes to about 120 minutes.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein said pigmented sulfonated polyester resin mixture resulting is cooled, water decanted, followed by vacuum drying.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process in accordance with claim 12 wherein said pigmented sulfonated polyester resin is heated to between from about 150° C. to about 175° C. and discharged.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
62 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polyester is a random sulfonated copolyester comprised of, on a mol percent basis of the polymer repeat unit, approximately 0.475 of terephthalate/0.025 of sodium sulfoisophthalate/0.475 of 1,2-propanediol/0.025 of diethylene glycol, and which polyester possesses an M w of about 3,180, an M n of about 1,570, and a Tg of about 53.7° C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process in accordance with claim 14 wherein the toner obtained is washed with water.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is carbon black, magnetite, cyan, yellow, magenta, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein there is added to the surface of the formed toner product metal salts, metal salts of fatty acids, silicas, metal oxides, or mixtures thereof, each in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent of the obtained toner particles.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2000-08-18 | 2001-02-17 | 2001-08-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2004-08-18 | 2005-02-17 | 2005-08-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2008-08-18 | 2009-02-17 | 2009-08-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |