US5556700A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Conductive polyaniline laminates
Assignee: University of Pennsylvania
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Filing: 1994-03-25
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Granted: 1996-09-17
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Expires: 2014-03-25
Abstract
Abstract Laminates containing a layer of conductive polyaniline are provided for various uses such as actuator devices. The laminates are controllably deformable and can operate on an electromechanical, chemomechanical, and mechanoelectrical modes. The laminates are preferably constructed so as to have a first flexible layer of polyaniline and a second flexible layer of polyaniline surmounted thereon. The polyaniline layers are separated by an electronically insulating layer.
Inventors
- 👤 Keiichi Kaneto
- 👤 Yonggang Min
- 👤 Alan G. MacDiarmid
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 12:27
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G73/00; C08G73/02; C08G73/0246; B; B32; B32B; B32B27/00; B32B27/06; B32B27/08; B32B27/28; B32B7/00; B32B7/02; B32B7/025; B32B7/04; B32B7/12; H; H01; H01B; H01B1/00; H01B1/06; H01B1/12; H01B1/124; H01B1/128; B32B2250/00; B32B2250/03; B32B2250/24; B32B2307/00; B32B2307/20; B32B2307/202; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/31504
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
63 words
A controllably deformable laminate comprising: (a) a first flexible layer comprising an electronically conductive salt of polyaniline; (b) a second flexible layer of electronically conductive material, surmounting said first layer, said second layer comprising a polymeric material comprising polyaniline, polypyrrole, or polyacetylene; and (c) a flexible, electronically insulating and ionically non-conducting layer, interposed between said first and said second electronically conductive polymeric layers.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
63 words
A controllably deformable laminate comprising: (a) a first flexible layer comprising an electronically conductive salt of polyaniline; (b) a second flexible layer of electronically conductive material, surmounting said first layer, said second layer comprising a polymeric material comprising polyaniline, polypyrrole, or polyacetylene; and (c) a flexible, electronically insulating and ionically non-conducting layer, interposed between said first and said second electronically conductive polymeric layers.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The laminate of claim 1 wherein said second conductive layer comprises an electronically conductive salt of polyaniline.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The laminate of claim 2 further comprising control means for applying an electric current to said first and second conductive layers of said laminate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The laminate of claim 2 further comprising current acceptor means for accepting an electric current from said first and second conductive layers of said laminate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The laminate of claim 2 wherein the first flexible layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 200 microns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The laminate of claim 2 wherein the interposed layer is an adhesive material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
50 words
A controllably deformable laminate comprising: (a) a first flexible layer comprising an electronically conductive salt of polyaniline; (b) a second flexible layer of electronically conductive material surmounting said first conductive polymer layer; and (c) an electronically insulating, ionically conducting, flexible layer, interposed between the first and second electronically conductive layers.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
50 words
A controllably deformable laminate comprising: (a) a first flexible layer comprising an electronically conductive salt of polyaniline; (b) a second flexible layer of electronically conductive material surmounting said first conductive polymer layer; and (c) an electronically insulating, ionically conducting, flexible layer, interposed between the first and second electronically conductive layers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The laminate of claim 7 wherein said interposed layer comprises an aqueous electrolyte.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The laminate of claim 7 wherein said interposed layer comprises a solid polymer electrolyte.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The laminate of claim 9 wherein said solid polymer electrolyte comprises polyethylene oxide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The laminate of claim 7 wherein said second flexible layer comprises an electronically conductive salt of polyaniline.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
The laminate of claim 11 further comprising control means for applying an electric current to said first and second conductive layers of said laminate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The laminate of claim 11 further comprising current acceptor means for accepting an electric current from said first and second conductive layers of said laminate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The laminate of claim 11 wherein said interposed layer comprises an aqueous electrolyte.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The laminate of claim 11 wherein said interposed layer comprises a solid polymer electrolyte.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The laminate of claim 11 wherein the first flexible layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 200 microns.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The laminate of claim 16 wherein the second flexible layer has a thickness of from about 1 micron to about 200 microns.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The laminate of claim 7 wherein the interposed layer is an adhesive material.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
38 words
The laminate of claim 7 wherein the first flexible polyaniline layer has an outer exposed face opposite said interposed layer, further comprising an adhesive, electrically insulating layer surmounted on said outer exposed face of said first flexible layer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The laminate of claim 19 wherein the second flexible layer comprises an electrically conductive salt of polyaniline.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
37 words
The laminate of claim 20 wherein the second flexible layer has an outer exposed face opposite said interposed layer, further comprising an adhesive, electrically insulating layer surmounted on the outer exposed face of said second flexible layer.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4025691A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-09-17 | 2000-03-18 | 2000-09-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-09-17 | 2004-03-18 | 2004-09-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-09-17 | 2008-03-18 | 2008-09-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |