US5554288A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Disposable filters and manufacturing process
Assignee: Little Rapids Corp
•
Filing: 1994-04-11
•
Granted: 1996-09-10
•
Expires: 2014-04-11
Abstract
Abstract Disposable paper filters suitable for removal of contaminants from fluids such as water or air are disclosed. Specific embodiments include single-ply and multi-ply filters in which metal removal additives and/or halogen and organic contaminant removal additives have been distributed during the manufacturing process. Special manufacturing methods for producing such composite filters are also described.
Inventors
- 👤 Theodore B. Rydell
- 👤 Joseph D. Wahlquist
- 👤 Gerald W. Tumanic
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 05:10
CPC Classifications
D; D21; D21H; D21H27/00; D21H27/08; B; B01; B01D; B01D39/00; B01D39/14; B01D39/16; B01D39/18; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/28; B01J20/28014; B01J20/28028; B01J20/28033; B01J20/28052; B01J20/28054; B01J20/28078; B01J20/28085; B01J20/28088; D21H17/00; D21H17/63; D21H17/67; D21H17/68
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 104
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of pulp.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
60 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of pulp.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite filter ply of claim 1 wherein said pulp is unbleached Kraft pulp.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composite filter ply of claim 2 wherein said halogen and organic contaminant removal additive is granular activated carbon.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composite filter ply of claim 3 wherein said granular activated carbon is sized to pass at least about 90% through a 100 mesh USS screen and to pass at least about 60% through a 325 mesh USS screen.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
41 words
The composite filter ply of claim 2 wherein said metal removal additive is selected from the group consisting of alumino-silica zeolites and naturally occurring clays having the general chemical formula (Mg,Al) 5 Si 8 O 22 (OH) 4 .4H 2 O.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply of claim 2 wherein said metal removal additive is selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, palygorskite, montmorillonite, dioctahedral smectite and Fuller's earth.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composite filter ply of claim 2 wherein said pulp is controlled to have a Kappa number of between about 10 to about 50.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite filter ply of claim 2 wherein said paper filter ply has a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 2 wherein said paper filter ply has a CSF of at least about 400 ml.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 1, further comprising between about 0.25% to about 0.5% by weight of wet strength agent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite filter ply of claim 10, wherein said wet strength agent is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of an aqueous solution of diethylene triamine adipic acid polyamine epi.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite filter ply of claim 10, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite filter ply of claim 1, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system and less than about 0.15% by weight of the cationic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite filter ply of claim 13, wherein said dual polymer retention aid system is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of a binary mixture of a poly quaternary amine chloride and an acrylamide-acrylate copolymer emulsified in water.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 1 bonded to at least one additional composite filter ply according to claim 1 to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 15 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 1 bonded to at least one additional, dissimilar filter ply to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 17 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
147 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of activated carbon sized to pass at least about 90% through a 100 mesh USS screen and to pass at least about 60% through a 325 mesh USS screen, and distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 2% and about 10% by weight of a metal cation removal additive selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, palygorskite, montmorillonite, dioctahedral smectite and Fuller's earth, distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of unbleached Kraft pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to have a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50 and a Canadian Standard Freeness of at least about 400 ml.; and wherein said filter ply has a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
147 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of activated carbon sized to pass at least about 90% through a 100 mesh USS screen and to pass at least about 60% through a 325 mesh USS screen, and distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 2% and about 10% by weight of a metal cation removal additive selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, palygorskite, montmorillonite, dioctahedral smectite and Fuller's earth, distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of unbleached Kraft pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to have a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50 and a Canadian Standard Freeness of at least about 400 ml.; and wherein said filter ply has a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of pulp.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of pulp.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite filter ply of claim 20 wherein said pulp is unbleached Kraft pulp.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
41 words
The composite filter ply of claim 21 wherein the metal removal additive is selected from the group consisting of alumino-silica zeolites and naturally occurring clays having the general chemical formula (Mg,Al) 5 Si 8 O 22 (OH) 4 .4H 2 O.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply of claim 21 wherein said metal removal additive is selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, palygorskite, montmorillonite, dioctahedral smectite and Fuller's earth.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composite filter ply of claim 21 wherein said pulp is controlled to have a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite filter ply of claim 21 wherein said paper filter ply has a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 21 wherein said paper filter ply has a CSF of at least about 400 ml.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 21, further comprising between about 0.25% to about 0.5% by weight of wet strength agent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite filter ply of claim 27, wherein said wet strength agent is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of an aqueous solution of diethylene triamine adipic acid polyamine epi.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite filter ply of claim 27, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite filter ply of claim 21, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system and less than about 0.15% by weight of the cationic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite filter ply of claim 30, wherein said dual polymer retention aid system is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of a binary mixture of a poly quaternary amine chloride and an acrylamide-acrylate copolymer emulsified in water.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 21 bonded to at least one additional composite filter ply according to claim 21 to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 32 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 21 bonded to at least one additional, dissimilar filter ply to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 34 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
102 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 2% and about 10% by weight of a metal cation removal additive selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, palygorskite, montmorillonite, dioctahedral smectite and Fuller's earth, distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of unbleached Kraft pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to have a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50 and a Canadian Standard Freeness of at least about 400 ml.; and wherein said filter ply has a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
102 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 2% and about 10% by weight of a metal cation removal additive selected from the group consisting of attapulgite, palygorskite, montmorillonite, dioctahedral smectite and Fuller's earth, distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of unbleached Kraft pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to have a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50 and a Canadian Standard Freeness of at least about 400 ml.; and wherein said filter ply has a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
110 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of a binary mixture of unbleached softwood Kraft pulp and unbleached hardwood Kraft pulp, wherein said binary mixture is controlled to provide a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
110 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of a binary mixture of unbleached softwood Kraft pulp and unbleached hardwood Kraft pulp, wherein said binary mixture is controlled to provide a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 37, further comprising between about 0.25% to about 0.5% by weight of wet strength agent.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite filter ply of claim 38, wherein said wet strength agent is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of an aqueous solution of diethylene triamine adipic acid polyamine epi.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite filter ply of claim 38, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite filter ply of claim 37, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system and less than about 0.15% by weight of the cationic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite filter ply of claim 41, wherein said dual polymer retention aid system is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of a binary mixture of a poly quaternary amine chloride and an acrylamide-acrylate copolymer emulsified in water.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 37 bonded to at least one additional composite filter ply according to claim 37 to form a filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
31 words
The filter of claim 43 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 37 bonded to at least one additional, dissimilar filter ply to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 45 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
88 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of a binary mixture of unbleached softwood Kraft pulp and unbleached hardwood Kraft pulp, wherein said binary mixture is controlled to provide a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
88 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of a binary mixture of unbleached softwood Kraft pulp and unbleached hardwood Kraft pulp, wherein said binary mixture is controlled to provide a Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 47, further comprising between about 0.25% to about 0.5% by weight of wet strength agent.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite filter ply of claim 48, wherein said wet strength agent is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of an aqueous solution of diethylene triamine adipic acid polyamine epi.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite filter ply of claim 48, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite filter ply of claim 47, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system and less than about 0.15% by weight of the cationic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite filter ply of claim 51, wherein said dual polymer retention aid system is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of a binary mixture of a poly quaternary amine chloride and an acrylamide-acrylate copolymer emulsified in water.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 47 bonded to at least one additional composite filter ply according to claim 47 to form a filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
31 words
The filter of claim 53 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 47 bonded to at least one additional, dissimilar filter ply to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 55 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
111 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of a pulp including at least one of softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and eucalyptus pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to provide an average Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
111 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of a pulp including at least one of softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and eucalyptus pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to provide an average Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 57, further comprising between about 0.25% to about 0.5% by weight of wet strength agent.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite filter ply of claim 58, wherein said wet strength agent is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of an aqueous solution of diethylene triamine adipic acid polyamine epi.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite filter ply of claim 58, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite filter ply of claim 57, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system and less than about 0.15% by weight of the cationic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite filter ply of claim 61, wherein said dual polymer retention aid system is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of a binary mixture of a poly quaternary amine chloride and an acrylamide-acrylate copolymer emulsified in water.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 57 bonded to at least one additional composite filter ply according to claim 57 to form a filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
31 words
The filter of claim 63 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 57 bonded to at least one additional, dissimilar filter ply to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 65 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
89 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of a pulp including at least one of softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and eucalyptus pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to provide an average Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
89 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of a pulp including at least one of softwood pulp, hardwood pulp and eucalyptus pulp, wherein said pulp is controlled to provide an average Kappa number of between about 10 and about 50; and to provide a filter ply having a pore size distribution of between about 0.5 microns and about 50 microns.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 67, further comprising between about 0.25% to about 0.5% by weight of wet strength agent.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite filter ply of claim 68, wherein said wet strength agent is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of an aqueous solution of diethylene triamine adipic acid polyamine epi.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite filter ply of claim 68, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite filter ply of claim 67, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system and less than about 0.15% by weight of the cationic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite filter ply of claim 71, wherein said dual polymer retention aid system is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of a binary mixture of a poly quaternary amine chloride and an acrylamide-acrylate copolymer emulsified in water.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 67 bonded to at least one additional composite filter ply according to claim 67 to form a filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
31 words
The filter of claim 73 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 67 bonded to at least one additional, dissimilar filter ply to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 75 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
63 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of bleached Kraft hardwood pulp.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
63 words
A composite paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said paper filter ply; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of bleached Kraft hardwood pulp.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite filter ply of claim 71, further comprising between about 0.25% to about 0.5% by weight of wet strength agent.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite filter ply of claim 78, wherein said wet strength agent is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of an aqueous solution of diethylene triamine adipic acid polyamine epi.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite filter ply of claim 78, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite filter ply of claim 77, further comprising between about 0.05% to about 0.15% by weight of the anionic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system and less than about 0.15% by weight of the cationic portion of a dual polymer retention aid system.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite filter ply of claim 81, wherein said dual polymer retention aid system is supplied during the papermaking process in the form of a binary mixture of a poly quaternary amine chloride and an acrylamide-acrylate copolymer emulsified in water.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 77 bonded to at least one additional composite filter ply according to claim 77 to form a filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
31 words
The filter of claim 83 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite filter ply according to claim 77 bonded to at least one additional, dissimilar filter ply to form a multi-ply filter comprising a plurality of plies.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multi-ply filter of claim 85 wherein each of said filter plies has an outside perimeter and said plurality of plies is bonded together by mechanical embossing only at said outside perimeters.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
68 words
A process for removing contaminants from a fluid comprising passing said fluid through a filter, said filter comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said filter; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said filter; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of pulp.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
68 words
A process for removing contaminants from a fluid comprising passing said fluid through a filter, said filter comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said filter; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said filter; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of pulp.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
53 words
A process for removing dissolved metal contaminants from a fluid comprising passing said fluid through a disposable porous sheet filter said filter comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said filter; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of pulp.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
53 words
A process for removing dissolved metal contaminants from a fluid comprising passing said fluid through a disposable porous sheet filter said filter comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said filter; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of pulp.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
79 words
A process for simultaneously removing dissolved metal and organic contaminants from a fluid comprising passing said fluid through a disposable porous sheet filter said filter comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said filter; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said filter; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of bleached Kraft hardwood pulp.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
79 words
A process for simultaneously removing dissolved metal and organic contaminants from a fluid comprising passing said fluid through a disposable porous sheet filter said filter comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said filter; b. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of metal cation removal additive distributed throughout said filter; and c. between about 98% and about 60% by weight of bleached Kraft hardwood pulp.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for destroying bacteria in contaminated water comprising treating said contaminated water by filtration through a multi-ply porous disposable paper filter including an upstream paper filter ply and at least one downstream paper filter ply, by first exposing said contaminated water to a halogen-based bacteriocidal agent impregnated on said upstream paper filter ply and then by filtering said water through at least one downstream paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said at least one downstream paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of pulp.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for destroying bacteria in contaminated water comprising treating said contaminated water by filtration through a multi-ply porous disposable paper filter including an upstream paper filter ply and at least one downstream paper filter ply, by first exposing said contaminated water to a halogen-based bacteriocidal agent impregnated on said upstream paper filter ply and then by filtering said water through at least one downstream paper filter ply comprising: a. between about 1% and about 20% by weight of halogen and organic contaminant removal additive distributed throughout said at least one downstream paper filter ply; and b. between about 99% and about 80% by weight of pulp.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
59 words
The filter ply of claims 1, 37, 58, 78, 88, 67, or 77, wherein said filter ply is formed into a roll with periodic perforations, creating a plurality of individual disposable, single-use porous sheet filters pre-sized to be suitable for single-use filtration operations that avoid storage of said filters in a wet condition, saturation with contaminants and bacterial growth.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-09-10 | 2000-03-11 | 2000-09-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-03-11 | 2004-09-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-03-11 | 2008-09-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |