Patent US2888560A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US5545337A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5545337A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Ceramic coating system or water oxidation environments
Assignee: Modar Inc
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Filing: 1994-11-29
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Granted: 1996-08-13
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Expires: 2014-11-29
Abstract
Abstract A process for water oxidation of combustible materials in which during at least a part of the oxidation corrosive material is present and makes contact with at least a portion of the apparatus over a contact area on the apparatus. At least a portion of the contact surface area comprises titanium dioxide coated onto a titanium metal substrate. Such ceramic composites have been found to be highly resistant to environments encountered in the process of supercritical water oxidation. Such environments typically contain greater than 50 mole percent water, together with oxygen, carbon dioxide, and a wide range of acids, bases, and salts. Pressures are typically about 27.5 to about 1000 bar while temperatures range as high as 700 DEG C. The ceramic composites are also resistant to degradation mechanisms caused by thermal stresses.
Inventors
- 👤 Glenn T. Hong
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 17:38
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/02; C02F1/025; C02F11/00; C02F11/06; C02F11/08
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
128 words
A process for high temperature water oxidation of combustible material in a high temperature water oxidation apparatus, in which during at least part of the oxidation, corrosive material is present and contacts the apparatus over a contact area on the apparatus, the process comprising contacting in an aqueous phase the combustible material and an oxidizing agent under conditions suitable to cause oxidation of the combustible material, wherein the oxidation is at a temperature in the range of about 300° C. to about 700° C. and at pressures from about 27.5 bar (400 psi) to about 1000 bar (15,000 psi) and the contact area contains a ceramic composite comprising titanium base metal overlaid with a titania coating, to provide corrosion resistance from said corrosive material in said contact area.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
128 words
A process for high temperature water oxidation of combustible material in a high temperature water oxidation apparatus, in which during at least part of the oxidation, corrosive material is present and contacts the apparatus over a contact area on the apparatus, the process comprising contacting in an aqueous phase the combustible material and an oxidizing agent under conditions suitable to cause oxidation of the combustible material, wherein the oxidation is at a temperature in the range of about 300° C. to about 700° C. and at pressures from about 27.5 bar (400 psi) to about 1000 bar (15,000 psi) and the contact area contains a ceramic composite comprising titanium base metal overlaid with a titania coating, to provide corrosion resistance from said corrosive material in said contact area.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the corrosive material comprises at least one moiety selected from the group consisting of Cl and SO 4 and at least one moiety selected from the group consisting of H and Na.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the corrosive material comprises (i) at least one selected from the group consisting of HCl, H 2 SO 4 , NaOH, Na 2 CO 3 and (ii) a sodium salt.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the aqueous phase containing the corrosive material and oxidizing agent contains greater than 50 mole percent water.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the aqueous phase further contains oxygen, carbon dioxide, acids, bases and salts.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the oxidation apparatus is a reactor selected from the group consisting of vessel reactors, hydraulic column reactors, and pipe reactors.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the titanium base metal is an alloy.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the titania coating of the ceramic composite consists of multiple layers, each successive layer from the titanium metal substrate having a smaller thermal coefficient.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the contact area further comprises a metallic bond coat between the titanium base metal and the overlying titania.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the metallic bond coat contains titanium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the ceramic composite further comprises a cermet consisting of titanium dioxide and titanium between the metallic bond coat and the overlying titania.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the titanium of the cermet is an alloy.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the coating of the ceramic composite is applied onto the titanium base metal by thermal spraying of the titania.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
109 words
A process of oxidizing combustible materials containing corrosive constituents in an oxidation apparatus in which an aqueous phase containing the oxidizable combustible material and oxidizing agent is contacted with at least a portion of a contact area of the apparatus under conditions suitable to cause oxidation of the combustible material, at a temperature of at least about 300° C. and a pressure of at least about 27.5 bar, wherein said corrosive constituents are present in said contact area, and wherein the contact area contains a ceramic composite consisting of titanium dioxide coated onto a titanium metal substrate to provide corrosion resistance from said corrosive constituents in said contact area.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
109 words
A process of oxidizing combustible materials containing corrosive constituents in an oxidation apparatus in which an aqueous phase containing the oxidizable combustible material and oxidizing agent is contacted with at least a portion of a contact area of the apparatus under conditions suitable to cause oxidation of the combustible material, at a temperature of at least about 300° C. and a pressure of at least about 27.5 bar, wherein said corrosive constituents are present in said contact area, and wherein the contact area contains a ceramic composite consisting of titanium dioxide coated onto a titanium metal substrate to provide corrosion resistance from said corrosive constituents in said contact area.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 14 wherein the oxidation is conducted at a temperature in the range of about 300° C. to about 700° C.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the oxidation is conducted at a pressure within the range of from about 27.5 bar (400 psi) to about 1,000 bar (15,000 psi).
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 14 wherein the titanium dioxide coating of the ceramic composite consists of multiple layers, each successive layer from the titanium metal substrate having a smaller thermal coefficient.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
48 words
The process of claim 14 wherein the contact area further comprises a metallic bond coat between the titanium base metal and the overlying cermet, wherein the cermet consists of titanium dioxide and titanium and further wherein the cermet is between the metallic bond coat and the overlying titania.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for oxidizing combustible material in a water oxidation apparatus, in which during at least part of the oxidation, corrosive material is present and contacts the apparatus over a contact area on the apparatus, the process comprising contacting in an aqueous phase the combustible material and an oxidizing agent under conditions suitable to cause oxidation of the combustible material at a temperature of at least about 300° C. and a pressure of at least about 27.5 bar, wherein the contact area contains a ceramic composite comprising titanium base metal overlaid with a titania coating, to provide corrosion resistance from said corrosive material in said contact area.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for oxidizing combustible material in a water oxidation apparatus, in which during at least part of the oxidation, corrosive material is present and contacts the apparatus over a contact area on the apparatus, the process comprising contacting in an aqueous phase the combustible material and an oxidizing agent under conditions suitable to cause oxidation of the combustible material at a temperature of at least about 300° C. and a pressure of at least about 27.5 bar, wherein the contact area contains a ceramic composite comprising titanium base metal overlaid with a titania coating, to provide corrosion resistance from said corrosive material in said contact area.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 19 wherein the titania coating of the ceramic composite consists of multiple layers, each successive layer from the titanium metal substrate having a smaller thermal coefficient.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-08-13 | 2000-02-12 | 2000-08-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-08-13 | 2004-02-12 | 2004-08-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-08-13 | 2008-02-12 | 2008-08-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |