US5512378A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Biodegradable starch based articles
Assignee: Novamont SpA
•
Filing: 1995-01-23
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Granted: 1996-04-30
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Expires: 2015-01-23
Abstract
Abstract Thin-walled biodegradable starch-based articles, particularly sheets of film including at least one first layer of polymeric material including starch and at least one second layer of hydrophobic material, are characterized in that the second layer includes a natural or synthetic wax or mixture of waxes.
Inventors
- 👤 Catia Bastioli
- 👤 Giancarlo Romano
- 👤 Mario Scarati
- 👤 Maurizio Tosin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 21:19
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J7/00; C08J7/04; C08J7/048; C08J7/0427; C08J2303/00; C08J2491/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/913; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31801; Y10T428/31804; Y10T428/31844; Y10T428/31848; Y10T428/31971; Y10T428/31975
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
64 words
A biodegradable laminated film comprising two layers: (a) a first layer comprising a starch; and (b) a hydrophobic layer adjacent to, and in contact with, the first layer, comprising (i) from 10 to 100% by weight of a wax selected from the group consisting of natural waxes, synthetic waxes and mixtures thereof; and (ii) from 0 to 90% by weight of a synthetic polymer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
64 words
A biodegradable laminated film comprising two layers: (a) a first layer comprising a starch; and (b) a hydrophobic layer adjacent to, and in contact with, the first layer, comprising (i) from 10 to 100% by weight of a wax selected from the group consisting of natural waxes, synthetic waxes and mixtures thereof; and (ii) from 0 to 90% by weight of a synthetic polymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
70 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the wax is a petroleum wax selected from the group consisting of paraffin waxes having n-alkane contents of from 75% to 100% and average molecular weights of from 280 to 560 and microcrystalline waxes composed of isoparaffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons saturated with n-alkanes and having molecular weights of from 450 to 800 and melting points of from 50° to 90° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the wax is an animal wax selected from beeswax and spermaceti wax.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the wax is a vegetable wax selected from the group consisting of candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Japan wax, ouricury wax, bayberry wax, jojoba wax and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the wax is a mineral wax.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the wax is a synthetic wax selected from the group consisting of Fischer-Tropsch wax, polyethylene wax, fatty acids and amides of fatty acids.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
44 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic polymer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of poly-ethylene-vinyl alcohol, poly-ethylene-acrylic acid, poly-ethylene-acrylic acid-alkyl acrylate, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, rosin and derivatives thereof, alkyd resins, natural gum and thermoplastic gum.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 7 wherein the synthetic polymer is present in an amount by weight up to 25% by weight of the wax.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
42 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 7, wherein the synthetic polymer comprises a derivative of rosin selected from abietic acid, levopimaric acid and palustric acid, esters thereof selected from methyl, ethyl, hexadecyl, oxypyranylmethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl and 3-hydroxyphenyl esters, and esters of 1,2,3-propantriol.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
43 words
A laminated film according to claim 7, wherein the synthetic polymer comprises a derivative of rosin selected from the addition products of abietic acid, levopimaric acid or palustric acid formed with maleic anhydride and polymers of those acids with glycols and phthalic acids.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
60 words
A laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic layer is obtained from an emulsion comprising surfactants and stabilizers selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulphates, aryl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, aryl sulphonates, derivatives of ethylene oxide, fatty acids, alkylamine salts, quaternary ammonium salts, starch, dextrin, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt), methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 11, wherein the hydrophobic layer further comprises an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl and isobutyl alcohols.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 11, wherein the hydrophobic layer further comprises a glycol selected from the group consisting of 2-methoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 11, wherein the emulsion further comprises a thickener selected from the group consisting of starch, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, alginates, casein and polylurethanes.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
46 words
A laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic layer is obtained from an emulsion comprising a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of dibutyl phthalate, n-heptyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl maleate, 2-ethylhexyl fumarate, dibutyl sebacate, polyglycol adipate, tricresyl phosphate, dioctyl phthalate and tributoxyethyl phosphate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic layer further comprises fillers and pigments, the fillers and pigments being selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, talc, calcium carbonate and silica.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
45 words
A laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic polymer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-acrylic acid-alkyl acrylate copolymers, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, rosin and derivatives of rosin, alkyd resins and natural gum.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
64 words
A laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic polymer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-acrylic acid, ethylene-acrylic acid-alkyl acrylate, polyethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, polyhydroxyalkanoate, homopolymers of lactic acid, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, lactic acid copolymerized with glycolic acids and/or epsilon-caprolactone and fatty acids, the hydrophobic layer being deposited on the starchy layer by coextrusion, casting, or a hot-melt technique.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
38 words
A laminated film according to claim 1, wherein the first layer further comprises a synthetic thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohols, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, ethylene acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
A biodegradable laminated film according to claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic layer consists essentially of a wax selected from the group consisting of natural waxes, synthetic waxes, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
72 words
Articles produced by co-injection or co-blowing and which have walls with a composite structure comprising (a) a first layer comprising a starch; and (b) a hydrophobic layer adjacent to, and in contact with, the first layer, comprising (i) from 10 to 100% by weight of a wax selected from the group consisting of natural waxes, synthetic waxes and mixtures thereof; and (ii) from 0 to 90% by weight of a synthetic polymer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
72 words
Articles produced by co-injection or co-blowing and which have walls with a composite structure comprising (a) a first layer comprising a starch; and (b) a hydrophobic layer adjacent to, and in contact with, the first layer, comprising (i) from 10 to 100% by weight of a wax selected from the group consisting of natural waxes, synthetic waxes and mixtures thereof; and (ii) from 0 to 90% by weight of a synthetic polymer.
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