Solid electrolyte utilizing a polymeric matrix obtained by the polymerization of a substituted allylic chloroformate

Claim 2

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte comprising: a solid polymeric matrix, an inorganic ion salt, and a solvent, wherein said solid polymeric matrix was obtained by polymerizing a substituted allylic chloroformate formed by the reaction of an allylic chloroformate of formula (I): ##STR8## and an aliphatic reactant selected from the group consisting of monohydroxy alcohols having 1 to 11 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, dihydroxy alcohols having 2 to 50 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, primary monoamines having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, and secondary diamines having 2 to 12 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, and mixtures of two or more of the foregoing.

Claim 3

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said inorganic ion salt is a sodium, lithium, or ammonium salt of a less mobile anion.

Claim 4

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 2 wherein said inorganic ion salt is selected from the group consisting of LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , NaClO 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , Li[N(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ], and LiBF 4 .

Claim 5

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said solvent is a mixture of propylene carbonate and triglyme.

Claim 6

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is provided as a sodium salt during said formation reaction.

Claim 7

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a monohydroxy alcohol of the formula: ##STR9## or the sodium salt thereof where R 1 is H or CH 3 , and n=0 to 10.

Claim 8

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 6 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a monohydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 1 to 4.

Claim 9

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 7 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a monohydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein R 1 is H, and n is 3.

Claim 10

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a dihydroxy alcohol of the formula: ##STR10## or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 2 to 10, and m is 1 to 5.

Claim 11

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 9 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a dihydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 2 to 6, and m is 1.

Claim 12

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 9 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a dihydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 6, and m is 1.

Claim 13

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a primary monamine of the formula: ##STR11## or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 0 to 6.

Claim 14

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 12 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a primary diamine of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 2 to 4.

Claim 15

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 12 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a primary diamine of the specified formula or a sodium salt thereof wherein n is 4.

Claim 16

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a secondary diamine of the formula: ##STR12## wherein n is 2 to 10.

Claim 17

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 15 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a secondary diamine of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 6.

Claim 18

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 1 wherein said solid polymeric matrix is obtained by copolymerizing said substituted allylic chloroformate with an acrylate.

Claim 19

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 17 wherein said solid polymeric matrix comprises less than approximately 22 percent by weight of recurring units derived from said substituted allylic chloroformate.

Claim 20

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 17 wherein said solid polymeric matrix comprises approximately 10 to 18 percent by weight of recurring units derived from said substituted allylic chloroformate.

Claim 21

An electrolytic cell which comprises: (i) an anode comprising a compatible anodic material, (ii) a cathode comprising a compatible cathodic material, and (iii) interposed therebetween a single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte which comprises a solid polymeric matrix, an inorganic ion salt, and a solvent, wherein said solid polymeric matrix was obtained by polymerizing a substituted allylie chloroformate formed by the reaction of an allylie chloroformate of formula (I): ##STR13## and an aliphatic reactant selected from the group consisting of monohydroxy alcohols having 1 to 11 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, dihydroxy alcohols having 2 to 50 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, primary monoamines having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, and secondary diamines having 2 to 12 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, and mixtures of two or more of the foregoing.

Claim 22

An electrolytic cell which comprises: (i) an anode comprising a compatible anodic material, (ii) a cathode comprising a compatible cathodic material, and (iii) interposed therebetween a single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte which comprises a solid polymeric matrix, an inorganic ion salt, and a solvent, wherein said solid polymeric matrix was obtained by polymerizing a substituted allylie chloroformate formed by the reaction of an allylie chloroformate of formula (I): ##STR13## and an aliphatic reactant selected from the group consisting of monohydroxy alcohols having 1 to 11 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, dihydroxy alcohols having 2 to 50 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, primary monoamines having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, and secondary diamines having 2 to 12 carbon atoms or the sodium salts thereof, and mixtures of two or more of the foregoing.

Claim 23

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said inorganic ion salt is a sodium, lithium, or ammonium salt.

Claim 24

An electrolytic cell according to claim 21 wherein said inorganic ion salt is selected from the group consisting of LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , NaClO 4 , LiCF 3 CSO 3 , Li[N(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ], and LiBF 4 .

Claim 25

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said solvent is a mixture of propylene carbonate and triglyme.

Claim 26

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is provided as a sodium salt during said formation reaction.

Claim 27

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a monohydroxy alcohol of the formula: ##STR14## or the sodium salt thereof where R 1 is H or CH 3 , and n=0 to 10.

Claim 28

An electrolytic cell according to claim 25 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a monohydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 1 to 4.

Claim 29

An electrolytic cell according to claim 26 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a monohydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein R 1 is H, and n is 3.

Claim 30

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a dihydroxy alcohol of the formula: ##STR15## or the sodium salt thereof where n is 2 to 10, and m is 1 to 5.

Claim 31

An electrolytic cell according to claim 28 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a dihydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 2 to 6, and m is 1.

Claim 32

An electrolytic cell according to claim 28 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a dihydroxy alcohol of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 6, and m is 1.

Claim 33

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a primary monamine of the formula: ##STR16## or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 0 to 6.

Claim 34

An electrolytic cell according to claim 31 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a primary diamine of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 2 to 4.

Claim 35

An electrolytic cell according to claim 31 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a primary diamine of the specified formula or a sodium salt thereof wherein n is 4.

Claim 36

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said aliphatic reactant utilized in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a secondary diamine of the formula: ##STR17## or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 2 to 10.

Claim 37

A single phase, solid, solvent-containing electrolyte according to claim 34 wherein said aliphatic reactant used in the formation of said substituted allylic chloroformate is a secondary diamine of the specified formula or the sodium salt thereof wherein n is 6.

Claim 38

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said solid polymeric matrix is obtained by copolymerizing said substituted allylic chloroformate with an acrylate.

Claim 39

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said solid polymeric matrix comprises less than approximately 22 percent by weight of recurring units derived from said substituted allylic chloroformate.

Claim 40

An electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein said solid polymeric matrix comprises approximately 10 to 18 percent by weight of recurring units derived from said substituted allylic chloroformate.

Claim 41

The electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein the anode is an intercalation based anode comprising carbon.

Claim 42

The electrolytic cell according to claim 39 wherein the cathode comprises cathodic material selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxides, lithiated cobalt oxides, lithiated manganese oxides, and mixtures thereof.

Claim 43

The electrolytic cell according to claim 20 wherein the cathode comprises cathodic material selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxides, lithiated cobalt oxides, lithiated manganese oxides, and mixtures thereof.