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US5456807A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method and apparatus for treating nitrogen oxide-containing gas streams using a combined electrochemical-sorbent approach

Assignee: Gas Technology Institute
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Filing: 1994-03-09
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Granted: 1995-10-10
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Expires: 2014-03-09
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Abstract

Abstract A method is provided for selectively removing nitrogen oxides from gaseous mixtures using alkali and/or alkaline earth oxides as sorbents, followed by conversion of the adsorbed NO x into N 2 and O 2 using a solid-oxide electrochemical cell. The method is useful for treating many sources of nitrogen oxide pollutants, e.g., vehicle exhaust, industrial manufacturing, coal burning, and the like.

Inventors

  • 👤 Eric Wachsman

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-03 06:29
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/46; B01D53/54; B01D53/56; B01D53/32; B01D53/326; C; C25; C25B; C25B1/00; C25B1/01; C25B1/02

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim 119 words
A method for treating a gaseous stream containing NO x , comprising: (a) passing the gaseous stream through a sorbent body comprised of an alkali metal salt, an alkali metal oxide, an alkaline earth metal salt, an alkaline earth metal oxide, or a mixture thereof, at a temperature of less than about 500° C., for a period of time to remove substantially all of the NO x contained in the gaseous stream; followed by (b) heating the sorbent body to a temperature greater than about 600° C., producing an effluent comprising a concentrated stream of NO x and channeling the effluent therefrom to a solid-oxide electrochemical cell to electrochemically reduce the effluent to N 2 and O 2 .
Claim 2
Independent Claim 119 words
A method for treating a gaseous stream containing NO x , comprising: (a) passing the gaseous stream through a sorbent body comprised of an alkali metal salt, an alkali metal oxide, an alkaline earth metal salt, an alkaline earth metal oxide, or a mixture thereof, at a temperature of less than about 500° C., for a period of time to remove substantially all of the NO x contained in the gaseous stream; followed by (b) heating the sorbent body to a temperature greater than about 600° C., producing an effluent comprising a concentrated stream of NO x and channeling the effluent therefrom to a solid-oxide electrochemical cell to electrochemically reduce the effluent to N 2 and O 2 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkaline earth metal salt.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkali metal salt.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 3, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of sodium carbonate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 25 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of a mixture of an alkaline earth metal salt and an alkali metal salt.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 34 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the solid-oxide electrochemical cell comprises a first, cathodic face through which the effluent is introduced, a second, anodic face, and, contained therebetween, an oxygen ion conducting metal oxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkaline earth metal oxide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 7, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of magnesium oxide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 7, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of calcium oxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkali metal oxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 14 words
The method of claim 10, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of lithium-magnesium oxide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 25 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of a mixture of an alkaline earth metal oxide and an alkali metal oxide.
Claim 14
Independent Claim 144 words
An apparatus for the removal of nitrogen oxides from a feed gas and subsequent catalytic dissociation thereof, comprising: an inlet means for introducing the feed gas into the apparatus; a gas line enabling passage of the feed gas from the inlet means to a first sorbent cell comprised of an alkaline earth metal salt, an alkaline earth metal oxide, an alkali metal salt, an alkali metal oxide, or a mixture thereof; a heating means for heating the sorbent cell, causing desorption of nitrogen oxide-containing effluent; a means for carrying the nitrogen oxide-containing effluent from the sorbent cell to a solid-oxide electrochemical cell; and a solid-oxide electrochemical cell comprising a first, cathodic face through which the effluent is introduced, a second, anodic face, and, contained therebetween, an oxygen ion conducting metal oxide; and a means for applying a dc potential across the solid-oxide electrochemical cell.
Claim 15
Independent Claim 144 words
An apparatus for the removal of nitrogen oxides from a feed gas and subsequent catalytic dissociation thereof, comprising: an inlet means for introducing the feed gas into the apparatus; a gas line enabling passage of the feed gas from the inlet means to a first sorbent cell comprised of an alkaline earth metal salt, an alkaline earth metal oxide, an alkali metal salt, an alkali metal oxide, or a mixture thereof; a heating means for heating the sorbent cell, causing desorption of nitrogen oxide-containing effluent; a means for carrying the nitrogen oxide-containing effluent from the sorbent cell to a solid-oxide electrochemical cell; and a solid-oxide electrochemical cell comprising a first, cathodic face through which the effluent is introduced, a second, anodic face, and, contained therebetween, an oxygen ion conducting metal oxide; and a means for applying a dc potential across the solid-oxide electrochemical cell.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 17 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkaline earth metal salt.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 16 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkali metal salt.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 14 words
The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of sodium carbonate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 25 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of a mixture of an alkaline earth metal salt and an alkali metal salt.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 17 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkaline earth metal oxide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 16 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkali metal oxide.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 14 words
The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of magnesium oxide.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 14 words
The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of calcium oxide.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 25 words
The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of a mixture of an alkaline earth metal oxide and an alkali metal oxide.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 14 words
The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of lithium-magnesium oxide.
Claim 26
Independent Claim 149 words
An apparatus for the removal of nitrogen oxides from a feed gas and subsequent catalytic dissociation thereof, comprising: an inlet means for introducing the feed gas into the apparatus; a gas line enabling passage of the feed gas from the inlet means to two or more sorbent cells, wherein the cells are comprised of an alkaline earth metal salt, an alkaline earth metal oxide, an alkali metal salt, an alkali metal oxide, or a mixture thereof; a heating means for heating the sorbent cells, causing desorption of nitrogen oxide-containing effluent; a means for carrying the nitrogen oxide-containing effluent from the sorbent cells to a solid-oxide electrochemical cell; and a solid-oxide electrochemical cell comprising a first, cathodic face through which the effluent is introduced, a second, anodic face, and, contained therebetween, an oxygen ion conducting metal oxide; and a means for applying a dc potential across the solid-oxide electrochemical cell.
Claim 27
Independent Claim 149 words
An apparatus for the removal of nitrogen oxides from a feed gas and subsequent catalytic dissociation thereof, comprising: an inlet means for introducing the feed gas into the apparatus; a gas line enabling passage of the feed gas from the inlet means to two or more sorbent cells, wherein the cells are comprised of an alkaline earth metal salt, an alkaline earth metal oxide, an alkali metal salt, an alkali metal oxide, or a mixture thereof; a heating means for heating the sorbent cells, causing desorption of nitrogen oxide-containing effluent; a means for carrying the nitrogen oxide-containing effluent from the sorbent cells to a solid-oxide electrochemical cell; and a solid-oxide electrochemical cell comprising a first, cathodic face through which the effluent is introduced, a second, anodic face, and, contained therebetween, an oxygen ion conducting metal oxide; and a means for applying a dc potential across the solid-oxide electrochemical cell.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 15 words
The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the sorbent cells are arranged in a parallel configuration.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim 17 words
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkaline earth metal salt.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim 16 words
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkali metal salt.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim 25 words
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of a mixture of an alkaline earth metal salt and an alkali metal salt.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim 17 words
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkaline earth metal oxide.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim 16 words
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of an alkali metal oxide.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim 25 words
The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the sorbent body is comprised of a mixture of an alkaline earth metal oxide and an alkali metal oxide.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US4426365A Cited
US4253925A Cited
US4659448A Cited
JPH05171482A Cited

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