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US5418478A
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US
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CMOS differential twisted-pair driver
Assignee: Apple Inc
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Filing: 1993-07-30
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Granted: 1995-05-23
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Expires: 2013-07-30
Abstract
Abstract A CMOS differential twisted-pair driver which utilizes CMOS switches and current sources advantageously. No alternative power supply is required, the switches do not have to be low impedance and the device is low power. The preferred embodiment driver further limits signal overshoot and common mode energy. The signal transmission facility is bi-directional so an off state is provided. It is doubly terminated to provide for symmetry, improved bandwidth and reduces reflective signal noise. The double termination also provides for faster rise and fall times which reduces the systems sensitivity to receiver offset.
Inventors
- 👤 Roger Van Brunt
- 👤 Florin Oprescu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 22:05
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03K; H03K17/00; H03K17/51; H03K17/56; H03K17/687; H03K17/6871; H03K17/6872
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
243 words
A CMOS twisted-pair signal driver responsive to CMOS level signals for coupled to a twisted-pair communication cable having first and second signal lines and an impedance, said signal driver comprising: first signal driving circuitry coupled to receive a first CMOS level signal logic state and for propagating a first signal state over said twisted-pair cable: second signal driving circuitry coupled to receive a second CMOS level signal logic state and for propagating a second signal state over said twisted pair cable; tri-state control circuitry for generating a third signal state over said twisted-pair cable, said third signal state having approximately a zero amplitude; and a terminating resistor coupled between sold first and second signal lines, said terminating resistor approximately matching the impedance of the twisted pair cable; said first signal driving circuitry comprising: a first switch coupled to a voltage supply source equivalent to said first CMOS level signal, said first switch responsive to and closing upon receipt of said first CMOS level logic state by said signal driver; a first transistor for performing a current source function coupled between said first switch and said first signal line of said twisted-pair cable; a second transistor for performing a current source function coupled to said second signal line of said twisted-pair cable; and a second switch coupled to ground and to said second transistor, said second switch responsive to and closing upon receipt of said first CMOS level logic state by said signal driver.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
243 words
A CMOS twisted-pair signal driver responsive to CMOS level signals for coupled to a twisted-pair communication cable having first and second signal lines and an impedance, said signal driver comprising: first signal driving circuitry coupled to receive a first CMOS level signal logic state and for propagating a first signal state over said twisted-pair cable: second signal driving circuitry coupled to receive a second CMOS level signal logic state and for propagating a second signal state over said twisted pair cable; tri-state control circuitry for generating a third signal state over said twisted-pair cable, said third signal state having approximately a zero amplitude; and a terminating resistor coupled between sold first and second signal lines, said terminating resistor approximately matching the impedance of the twisted pair cable; said first signal driving circuitry comprising: a first switch coupled to a voltage supply source equivalent to said first CMOS level signal, said first switch responsive to and closing upon receipt of said first CMOS level logic state by said signal driver; a first transistor for performing a current source function coupled between said first switch and said first signal line of said twisted-pair cable; a second transistor for performing a current source function coupled to said second signal line of said twisted-pair cable; and a second switch coupled to ground and to said second transistor, said second switch responsive to and closing upon receipt of said first CMOS level logic state by said signal driver.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
123 words
The signal driver of claim 1 wherein said second signal driving circuitry comprises: a third switch coupled to a voltage supply source equivalent to said first CMOS level signal, said third switch responsive to and closing upon receipt of said second CMOS level logic state by said signal driver; a third transistor for performing a current source function coupled between said third switch and said second signal line of said twisted-pair cable; a fourth transistor for performing a current source function coupled to said first signal line of said twisted-pair cable; and a fourth switch coupled to ground and to said fourth transistor, said fourth switch responsive to and closing upon receipt of said second CMOS level logic state by said signal driver.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The signal driver of claim 2 wherein said third signal state is signaled over said twisted-pair cable by opening said first, second, third and fourth switches simultaneously.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The signal driver of claim 2 wherein said first, second, third and fourth transistors for performing a current source function provide 4 ma.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The signal driver of claim 2 wherein said terminating resistor comprises a resistance of 110 ohms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
59 words
The signal driver of claim 2 wherein said first, second, third and fourth switches and said first, second, third and fourth transistors comprise CMOS transistors having gates, said signal driver further comprising: a first biasing circuit coupled to said first and third current source transistors; and a second biasing circuit coupled to said second and fourth current source transistors.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The signal driver of claim 6 wherein said first biasing circuit comprises replica transistors of said first switch and said first current source transistor.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The signal driver of claim 6 wherein said first biasing circuit comprises replica transistors of said third switch and said third current source transistor.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The signal driver of claim 6 wherein said second biasing circuit comprises replica transistors of said fourth switch and said fourth current source transistor.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The signal driver of claim 6 wherein said second biasing circuit comprises replica transistors of said second switch and said second current source transistor.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
216 words
A CMOS twisted-pair signal driver responsive to CMOS level signals for driving signals over a twisted-pair communication cable, said twisted-pair cable having first and second signal lines said signal driver comprising: first and second switches each coupled to Vcc; first and second transistors for performing current source functions coupled to said first and second switches respectively, said first and second transistors also being coupled to said first and second signal lines respectively, said first and second transistors each having a gate; third and fourth transistors for performing current source functions coupled to said first and second signal lines, respectively, said third and fourth transistors each having a gate; third and fourth switches each coupled to ground and respectively coupled to said third and fourth transistors; a terminating resistor coupled between said first and second signal lines of said twisted-pair cable; first biasing means coupled to the gates of said first and second transistors for biasing said current source transistors; and second biasing means coupled to the gates of said third and fourth transistors for biasing said current source transistors, wherein said driver propagates a first signal state over said twisted-pair cable responsive to a first CMOS level logic signal and propagates a second signal state over said twisted-pair cable responsive to a second CMOS level signal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
216 words
A CMOS twisted-pair signal driver responsive to CMOS level signals for driving signals over a twisted-pair communication cable, said twisted-pair cable having first and second signal lines said signal driver comprising: first and second switches each coupled to Vcc; first and second transistors for performing current source functions coupled to said first and second switches respectively, said first and second transistors also being coupled to said first and second signal lines respectively, said first and second transistors each having a gate; third and fourth transistors for performing current source functions coupled to said first and second signal lines, respectively, said third and fourth transistors each having a gate; third and fourth switches each coupled to ground and respectively coupled to said third and fourth transistors; a terminating resistor coupled between said first and second signal lines of said twisted-pair cable; first biasing means coupled to the gates of said first and second transistors for biasing said current source transistors; and second biasing means coupled to the gates of said third and fourth transistors for biasing said current source transistors, wherein said driver propagates a first signal state over said twisted-pair cable responsive to a first CMOS level logic signal and propagates a second signal state over said twisted-pair cable responsive to a second CMOS level signal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
The signal driver of claim 11 wherein said first biasing means comprises replica transistors of said first switch and said first current source transistor.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The signal driver of claim 11 wherein said second biasing means comprises replica transistors of said third switch and said third current source transistor.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
The signal driver of claim 11 wherein said twisted-pair communication cable has an impedance of approximately 110 ohms and said terminating resistor has a resistance of approximately 110 ohms.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The signal driver of claim 11 further being responsive to control signals for propagating no signal over said twisted-pair communication cable.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1998-05-22 | 1998-11-21 | 1999-05-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2002-05-22 | 2002-11-21 | 2003-05-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2006-05-22 | 2006-11-21 | 2007-05-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |