Temperature-resistant and/or nonwetting coatings of cured, silicon-containing polymers

Claim 1

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR7## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature which is sufficiently low to avoid pyrolysis of the coating.

Claim 2

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR7## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature which is sufficiently low to avoid pyrolysis of the coating.

Claim 3

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR8## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature of less than about 300° C.

Claim 4

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR8## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature of less than about 300° C.

Claim 29

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate resistant to elevated temperatures, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR9## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 30

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate resistant to elevated temperatures, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR9## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 31

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate resistant to elevated temperatures, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR10## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature of less than about 300° C.

Claim 32

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate resistant to elevated temperatures, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR10## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature of less than about 300° C.

Claim 33

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate corrosion-resistant, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR11## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 34

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate corrosion-resistant, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR11## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 35

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate corrosion-resistant, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR12## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature of less than about 300° C.

Claim 36

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate corrosion-resistant, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR12## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H, at a temperature of less than about 300° C.

Claim 37

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR13## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate at a temperature which does not exceed approximately 450° C. in a curing atmosphere containing an oxygen donor, in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 38

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR13## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), with the proviso that at least one of X 1 and X 2 is NR 4 , x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate at a temperature which does not exceed approximately 450° C. in a curing atmosphere containing an oxygen donor, in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 40

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR14## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in a curing atmosphere containing an oxygen donor.

Claim 41

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable polysilazane containing recurring units of the structures (V) or (VI) or both ##STR14## in which k is 0 or an integer; the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups, X is --NR 7 -- or --NR 7 --Y--NR 7 -- where Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl, and the R 6 and R 7 may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in a curing atmosphere containing an oxygen donor.

Claim 43

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR15## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; (b) incorporating an organic or inorganic powder into the coating solution; (c) coating a substrate with the solution; and (d) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 44

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR15## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; (b) incorporating an organic or inorganic powder into the coating solution; (c) coating a substrate with the solution; and (d) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 45

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate resistant to elevated temperatures, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer and an organic or inorganic powder, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR16## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1-C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 46

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate resistant to elevated temperatures, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer and an organic or inorganic powder, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR16## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1-C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 47

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate corrosion-resistant, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer and an organic or inorganic powder, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR17## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and --O--H.

Claim 48

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate corrosion-resistant, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer and an organic or inorganic powder, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR17## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and --O--H.

Claim 49

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer and an organic or inorganic powder, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR18## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the provisos that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate at a temperature which does not exceed approximately 450° C. in a curing atmosphere containing an oxygen donor, and in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 50

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer and an organic or inorganic powder, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR18## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are both oxygen atoms, x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the provisos that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0 or 1; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate at a temperature which does not exceed approximately 450° C. in a curing atmosphere containing an oxygen donor, and in the presence of a catalyst effective to activate a bond selected from the group consisting of Si--H, N--H and O--H.

Claim 56

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR19## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2, with the proviso that if both X 1 and X 2 are O, n is other than 2; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in an inert atmosphere.

Claim 57

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR19## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2, with the proviso that if both X 1 and X 2 are O, n is other than 2; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in an inert atmosphere.

Claim 58

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR20## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 .sub. groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2, with the proviso that if both X 1 and X 2 are O, n is other than 2; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a nitrogen donor.

Claim 59

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer comprising units having the structural formula (I) ##STR20## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 .sub. groups wherein R 3 is hydrogen lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl, or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2, with the proviso that if both X 1 and X 2 are O, n is other than 2; (b) coating a substrate with the solution; and (c) curing the coating on the substrate in the presence of a nitrogen donor.

Claim 60

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR21## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2, with the proviso that if both X 1 and X 2 are O, n is other than 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate at a temperature which does not exceed approximately 450° C. in a curing atmosphere containing water vapor.

Claim 61

A method for rendering the surface of a substrate nonwetting, comprising: (a) coating the surface with a solution of a curable silicon-containing polymer, wherein the silicon-containing polymer comprises units having the structural formula (I) ##STR21## in which R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C 1 -C 10 alkyl, either unsubstituted or substituted with hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, halogen, silyl or NR 3 2 groups, wherein R 3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl, (iv) C 1 -C 10 alkenyl, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (v) C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vi) aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), (vii) NR 3 2 and (viii) silyl or one or both of R 1 and R 2 may be an --O--, --NR 3a -- or alkylene crosslink to another unit of structural formula (I), wherein R 3a is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), X 1 and X 2 are independently either O or NR 4 where R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, amino, silyl, unsubstituted C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbyl substituted as in (iii), and aryl of 1-2 rings, either unsubstituted or substituted as in (iii), x is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 1, with the proviso that the sum of x and y is at least 2, and n is 0, 1 or 2, with the proviso that if both X 1 and X 2 are O, n is other than 2; and (b) curing the coating on the substrate at a temperature which does not exceed approximately 450° C. in a curing atmosphere containing water vapor.

Claim 62

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a siloxane having the structural formula ##STR22## wherein the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups; (b) incorporating a species H--X'--H into the solution, where X' is oxygen, NR 7 or NR 7 --Y--NR 7 in the R 7 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl, and Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl; (c) coating a substrate with the solution; and (d) curing the coating on the substrate.

Claim 63

A method for providing a thermally stable, nonpyrolyzed coating on a substrate, comprising: (a) providing a solution of a siloxane having the structural formula ##STR22## wherein the R 5 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkoxy, silyl, aryl, and amino, unsubstituted or substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl groups; (b) incorporating a species H--X'--H into the solution, where X' is oxygen, NR 7 or NR 7 --Y--NR 7 in the R 7 substituents may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, silyl and aryl, and Y is an optional linking group which, if present, is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or silyl; (c) coating a substrate with the solution; and (d) curing the coating on the substrate.