Patent US5396265A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5396265A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Three-dimensional tactile computer input device
Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Filing: 1990-09-17
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Granted: 1995-03-07
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Expires: 2010-09-17
Abstract
Abstract A tactile computer input device which simulates an object being designed is used with a computer aided design (CAD) system. The input device allows a user to manually manipulate the input device as if it were the object under design. A preferred embodiment is directed toward the design of sheet metal parts. The design begins with a virtual metal sheet which is then manipulated by a user through manual manipulation of the input device. Bending of the virtual object is accomplished by bending of the input device. Stretching and shrinking of the virtual object is accomplished by expanding and compressing the input device. Spatial orientation of the virtual object follows the spatial orientation of the input device by providing the input device with a Polhemus orientation sensor. Other functions for manipulating the virtual sheet metal object include cutting, embossing, and punching.
Inventors
- 👤 Karl T. Ulrich
- 👤 Marc Filerman
- 👤 Emanuel Sachs
- 👤 Andrew Roberts
- 👤 Todd Siler
- 👤 Daniel J. Berkery
- 👤 David C. Robertson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 16:54
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F3/00; G06F3/01; G06F3/03; G06F3/033; G06F3/0346
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 49
Claim 1
Independent Claim
157 words
A computer aided design system comprising: a data processor receiving data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design; a display monitor receiving the representation generated by the data processor and providing a visual display of the representation to a system user; and a hand-held input device providing data inputs to the data processor, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor, wherein the input device comprises a hinge holding two pieces of the input device together, the input device bending at the hinge as a result of manual manipulation of the input device, the bending of the input device generating an output to the data processor which results in a similar bending of the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
157 words
A computer aided design system comprising: a data processor receiving data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design; a display monitor receiving the representation generated by the data processor and providing a visual display of the representation to a system user; and a hand-held input device providing data inputs to the data processor, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor, wherein the input device comprises a hinge holding two pieces of the input device together, the input device bending at the hinge as a result of manual manipulation of the input device, the bending of the input device generating an output to the data processor which results in a similar bending of the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 1 further comprising an orientation sensor providing an output to the data processor indicative of the spatial orientation of the input device.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 2 wherein the orientation sensor further comprises a magnetic source stationary relative to a magnetic sensor which moves with the input device.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
58 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 1 wherein the input device further comprises a compression switch activated by a compressing of the input device during manual manipulation thereof, activation of the compression switch producing a data input to the data processor which results in a reduction in size of the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 1 wherein the input device further comprises an expansion switch activated by an expanding of the input device during manual manipulation thereof, activation of the expansion switch producing a data input to the data processor which results in an increase in size of the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
59 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 1 wherein the data processor in response to said data inputs further generates a display icon output to the display monitor in addition to said representation, the spatial orientation of the icon following the spatial orientation of the input device and being controllable independent of the spatial orientation of said representation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
199 words
A computer aided design system comprising: an input device generating data inputs in response to manipulation thereof, wherein the input device comprises a hinge holding two pieces of the input device together, the input device bending at the hinge as a result of manual manipulation of the input device; a data processor receiving the data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design, the input device providing data inputs to the data processor, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor, the bending of the input device generating an output to the data processor which results in a similar bending of the representation generated by the data processor; a display monitor providing a visual display of said representation; and a display icon generated by the data processor and displayed on the display monitor in addition to said representation, the display icon on the display monitor moving in response to movement of the input device while being confined to displayed surfaces of said representation.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
199 words
A computer aided design system comprising: an input device generating data inputs in response to manipulation thereof, wherein the input device comprises a hinge holding two pieces of the input device together, the input device bending at the hinge as a result of manual manipulation of the input device; a data processor receiving the data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design, the input device providing data inputs to the data processor, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor, the bending of the input device generating an output to the data processor which results in a similar bending of the representation generated by the data processor; a display monitor providing a visual display of said representation; and a display icon generated by the data processor and displayed on the display monitor in addition to said representation, the display icon on the display monitor moving in response to movement of the input device while being confined to displayed surfaces of said representation.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
51 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 7 wherein the screen icon conforms to a perspective display of said displayed representation such that an apparent spatial orientation of the screen icon corresponds to an apparent spatial orientation of a displayed surface of said representation to which the icon is confined.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
61 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 8 wherein horizontal and vertical movement of the icon on the display screen correspond to horizontal and vertical movement of the input device in a plane parallel to the display screen, and movement of the input device perpendicular to the display screen corresponds to vertical movement of the icon on the display screen.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
158 words
A method of performing a computer aided design comprising: providing a data processor receiving data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design; receiving the representation generated by the data processor with a display monitor and providing a visual display of the representation to a system user; and providing data inputs to the data processor with a hand-held input device, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor, wherein providing data inputs to the data processor includes closing a bend switch on the input device and bending the input device about a hinge to generate an input to the data processor which results in a bending of the representation generated by the data processor which mimics the bending of the input device.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
158 words
A method of performing a computer aided design comprising: providing a data processor receiving data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design; receiving the representation generated by the data processor with a display monitor and providing a visual display of the representation to a system user; and providing data inputs to the data processor with a hand-held input device, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor, wherein providing data inputs to the data processor includes closing a bend switch on the input device and bending the input device about a hinge to generate an input to the data processor which results in a bending of the representation generated by the data processor which mimics the bending of the input device.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method according to claim 10 further comprising providing an orientation sensor which generates data inputs received by the data processor which indicate the spatial orientation of the input device.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method according to claim 11 wherein providing an orientation sensor further comprises providing a magnetic source which is stationary relative to a magnetic sensor which moves with the input device.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 10 further comprising displaying a display icon on the display monitor in addition to said representation, the spatial orientation of the icon on the display monitor being changeable with changes in the spatial orientation of the input device.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
64 words
A method according to claim 13 wherein closing a bend switch on the input device further comprises closing a bend switch on the input device to generate an input to the data processor which results in a snap grid showing a bend axis extending from the display icon being displayed on the display monitor, the bending of the representation being about the bend axis.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
48 words
A method according to claim 10 wherein providing data inputs to the data processor further comprises compressing the input device to activate a compression switch which provides an input to the data processor which results in a reduction in size of the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
48 words
A method according to claim 10 wherein providing data inputs to the data processor further comprises expanding the input device to activate an expansion switch which provides an input to the data processor which results in an increase in size of the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 10 further comprising displaying a display icon on the display monitor in addition to said representation, the spatial orientation of the icon on the display monitor being changeable with changes in the spatial orientation of the input device.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 17 wherein displaying a display icon comprises displaying a display icon which is shaped like the input device.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method according to claim 17 further comprising providing a move switch on the input device which when closed causes the position of the displayed icon to change with changes in the spatial orientation of the input device.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 17 wherein the displayed icon is restricted to portions of the display where it overlaps the displayed representation.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 10 wherein providing data inputs to the data processor includes providing data inputs which cause the representation to be cut along an indicated cutting axis, such that the representation is separated into two virtual pieces, and a selected piece is retained.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method according to claim 21 wherein providing data inputs to cut the representation along a cutting axis comprises orienting the input device to indicate the orientation of the cutting axis, and providing a cut signal to the data processor to initiate the cutting of the representation along the indicated cutting axis.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
48 words
A method according to claim 22 further comprising displaying a display icon which overlaps the representation and which has a position on the screen which is changeable with changes in spatial orientation of the input device, the cutting axis being located relative to the position of the icon.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
83 words
A method according to claim 23 wherein providing data inputs to the data processor to cut the representation includes closing a cut switch located at the input device, a closing of the cut switch resulting in a snap grid showing the cutting axis extending from the display icon being displayed on display monitor, an opening of the cut switch resulting in the cutting of the representation along the cutting axis shown by the snap grid at the time the cut switch is open.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
57 words
A method according to claim 10 wherein providing data inputs to the data processor further comprises providing a lock switch at the input device which when closed generates inputs to the data processor which result in the orientation of the representation displayed on the display monitor being changeable with changes in orientation of the hand-held input device.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 10 wherein providing data inputs to the data processor includes providing a punch switch on the input device which generates an input to the data processor which results in a hole being punched in the representation displayed on the display monitor.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
131 words
A method according to claim 26 further comprising displaying a display icon on the display monitor in addition to the representation, the spatial orientation of the icon on the display monitor being changeable with changes in the spatial orientation of the input device, a first closing of the punch switch resulting in the center of the hole to be punched being located at the location of the icon, and a second closing of the punch switch resulting in the radius of the hole being established by the position of the icon relative to the center of the hole, the opening of the punch switch after said second closing thereof resulting in the hole being made and a portion of the representation located with the defined hole being deleted from the representation.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
62 words
A method according to claim 10 wherein providing inputs to the data processor further comprises providing embossing inputs to the data processor which result in the creation of an embossing line on the representation, the location of the embossing line being specified by the spatial orientation of the input device at the time the embossing inputs are received by the data processor.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
271 words
A computer aided design system comprising: a data processor receiving data inputs and generating, in response thereto, a three-dimensional representation of an object under design, a display monitor receiving the representation generated by the data processor and providing a two-dimensional visual display of the representation, the representation being displayed in perspective; a hand-held input device providing data inputs to the data processor, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor which mimic the changes in shape to the input device, said changes in shape to the representation including bending of the representation in response to bending of the input device and changes in size of a portion of the representation relative to other portions of the representation in response to compressing and expanding of the input device, wherein the input device comprises a bend switch which when closed provides an input to the data processor to cause the representation to bend in response to bending of the input device, and wherein the data processor generates a display icon which is displayed on the display monitor in addition to said representation, the spatial orientation of the icon on the display monitor being changeable with the spatial orientation of the input device; and an orientation sensor providing an input to the data processor indicative of the spatial orientation of the input device, wherein the orientation sensor comprises a magnetic source stationary relative to a magnetic sensor which moves with the input device.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
271 words
A computer aided design system comprising: a data processor receiving data inputs and generating, in response thereto, a three-dimensional representation of an object under design, a display monitor receiving the representation generated by the data processor and providing a two-dimensional visual display of the representation, the representation being displayed in perspective; a hand-held input device providing data inputs to the data processor, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor which mimic the changes in shape to the input device, said changes in shape to the representation including bending of the representation in response to bending of the input device and changes in size of a portion of the representation relative to other portions of the representation in response to compressing and expanding of the input device, wherein the input device comprises a bend switch which when closed provides an input to the data processor to cause the representation to bend in response to bending of the input device, and wherein the data processor generates a display icon which is displayed on the display monitor in addition to said representation, the spatial orientation of the icon on the display monitor being changeable with the spatial orientation of the input device; and an orientation sensor providing an input to the data processor indicative of the spatial orientation of the input device, wherein the orientation sensor comprises a magnetic source stationary relative to a magnetic sensor which moves with the input device.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
55 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29 wherein the screen icon conforms to the perspective view of the displayed representation such that when the icon overlaps a surface of the representation, an apparent spatial orientation of the screen icon corresponds to an apparent spatial orientation of the displayed surface which the icon overlaps.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
61 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29 wherein horizonatal and vertical movement of the icon on the display screen correspond to horizontal and vertical movement of the input device in a plane parallel to the display screen, and movement of the input device perpendicular to the display screen corresponds to vertical movement of the icon on the display screen.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
41 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29 wherein an orientation of the icon relative to the representation indicates a bend axis along which the representation is bent when the bend switch is activated and the input device is bent.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
47 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29 wherein the input device further comprises a move switch which when closed provides an input to the data processor which results in the orientation of the displayed icon changing with changes in spatial orientation of the input device.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
61 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29 wherein the input device further comprises a cut switch which provides inputs to the data processor which result in a cut being made in the representation, a line along which the representation is cut being determined by the orientation of the display icon when the inputs from the cut switch are received.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
25 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 34 wherein inputs from the cut switch allow an arcuate cut to be made in the representation.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
46 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29 wherein the input device further comprises a lock switch which provides an input to the data processor which causes the orientation of the representation to change in response to changes in spatial orientation of the input device.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
55 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 36 wherein the input device further comprises an undo switch which provides inputs to the data processor which result in a previous modification to the representation being deleted, and the state of the representation being returned to that which it was in prior to said previous modification.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
22 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29 wherein the representation displayed by the display monitor represents a sheet metal part.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
65 words
A computer aided design system according to claim 29, wherein in addition to the representation generated by the data processor and unfolded view of the representation is also generated by the data processor and displayed by the display monitor, the unfolded view appearing as a two dimensional view of the representation without any bends, and being shown in a display window of the display monitor.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
246 words
A method of performing a computer aided design, the method comprising: providing a data processor receiving data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design; providing a display monitor receiving the representation generated by the data processor and providing a visual display of the representation; inputting data to the data processor with a hand-held input device, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor which mimic the changes in shape to the input device, wherein providing data inputs to the data processor includes closing a bend switch on the input device and bending the input device about a hinge to generate an input to the data processor which results in a bending of the representation generated by the data processor which mimics the bending of the input device; generating with the data processor a screen icon which is displayed on the display screen in addition to the representation, the screen icon on the display screen being moveable in response to movements of the input device while being confined to display surfaces of the representation; and retaining the representation generated by the data processor by storing in a data processor memory a listing of edges, faces and vertices of the displayed representation which define the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
246 words
A method of performing a computer aided design, the method comprising: providing a data processor receiving data inputs and generating in response thereto a representation of an object under design; providing a display monitor receiving the representation generated by the data processor and providing a visual display of the representation; inputting data to the data processor with a hand-held input device, the input device representing a simulation of the object under design such that changes in shape of the input device due to manual manipulation thereof result in changes to the shape of the representation generated by the data processor which mimic the changes in shape to the input device, wherein providing data inputs to the data processor includes closing a bend switch on the input device and bending the input device about a hinge to generate an input to the data processor which results in a bending of the representation generated by the data processor which mimics the bending of the input device; generating with the data processor a screen icon which is displayed on the display screen in addition to the representation, the screen icon on the display screen being moveable in response to movements of the input device while being confined to display surfaces of the representation; and retaining the representation generated by the data processor by storing in a data processor memory a listing of edges, faces and vertices of the displayed representation which define the representation generated by the data processor.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
95 words
A method according to claim 40 further comprising placing a bend in the representation by following the steps of: i) locating the position of the screen icon with the data processor and determining a bend axis therefrom; ii) marking in data processor memory vertices of the representation to be rotated during bending; iii) dividing a specified face of the representation to be bent into new vertices, edges and faces; and iv) bending the representation about the indicated bend axis in response to inputs from the input device generated by a bending of the input device.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
94 words
A method according to claim 40 further comprising placing a cut in the representation by following the steps of: i) locating the position and orientation of the icon, and establishing a cut line in correspondence thereto: ii) receiving inputs from the input device with the data processor, which establish parameters of the cut and modifications to the cut line; iii) creating a cut in the representation along the cut line in response to inputs from the input device; removing material of the representation severed by the cut in response to inputs from input device.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
82 words
A method according to claim 40 further comprising increasing the size of the representation along one dimension by following the steps of: i) locating the position and orientation of the screen icon relative to the representation; ii) generating a stretch vector in response to an input from the input device. iii) marking in data processor memory vertices of the representation to be translated during the size increase; and iv) responding to an input from the input device to translate the marked vertices.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
83 words
A method according to claim 40 further comprising reducing the size of the representation along one dimension by following the steps of: i) locating the position and orientation of the screen icon relative to the representation; ii) generating a shrink vector in response to an input from the input device; iii) marking in data processor memory vertices of the representation to be translated during the size reduction; and iv) translating the marked vertices in response to a shrink input from the input device.
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