US5366603A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Sequencing near infrared and infrared fluorescence labeled DNA for detecting useing laser diodes
Assignee: Li Cor Inc
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Filing: 1992-03-30
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Granted: 1994-11-22
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Expires: 2012-03-30
Abstract
Abstract To sequence DNA automatically, DNA marked with near infrared fluorescent dyes are electrophoresed in a plurality of channels through a gel electrophoresis slab wherein the DNA samples are resolved in accordance with the size of DNA fragments in the gel electrophoresis slab into fluorescently marked DNA bands. The separated samples are scanned photoelectrically with a laser diode and a sensor, wherein the laser scans with scanning light at a scanning light frequency within the absorbance spectrum of said fluorescently marked DNA samples and light is sensed at the emission frequency of the marked DNA. The light is modulated from said laser at a predetermined modulation frequency and fluorescent light emitted by said DNA bands at said modulation frequency is detected, whereby background noise from the medium through which the light is transmitted is discriminated against.
Inventors
- 👤 Lyle R. Middendorf
- 👤 Gabor Patonay
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 11:14
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07D; C07D209/00; C07D209/56; C07D209/58; C07D209/60; C09; C09B; C09B23/00; C09B23/0066; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/68; C12Q1/6813; C12Q1/6816; C12Q1/6869; G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/62; G01N21/63; G01N21/64; G01N21/6428; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/416; G01N27/447; G01N27/44704; G01N27/44717; G01N27/44721; G01N27/44726; G01N2021/6417
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
74 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained within soda lime glass; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
74 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained within soda lime glass; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 1 in which the step of marking includes the steps of attaching fluorescent markers to probes and hybridizing the probes to the strands.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 2 in which the step of irradiating includes the step of scanning with an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
77 words
A method according to claim 1 in which the step of marking includes the substeps of selecting at least four dyes with each of the four dyes having at least one of its excitation and radiation spectra spaced sufficiently from each of the other of the four dyes wherein the flourescence from each dye can be electronically distinguished from each other dye and marking different groups of strands with different ones of the at least four dyes.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
76 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained with an unground optically flat glass; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
76 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained with an unground optically flat glass; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 5 in which the step of marking includes the steps of attaching fluorescent markers to probes and hybridizing the probes to the strands.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 6 in which the step of irradiating includes the step of scanning with an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
81 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels; the step of irradiating including the step of irradiating by scanning with an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
81 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels; the step of irradiating including the step of irradiating by scanning with an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
77 words
A method according to claim 8 in which the step of marking includes the substeps of selecting at least four dyes with each of the four dyes having at least one of its excitation and radiation spectra spaced sufficiently from each of the other of the four dyes wherein the flourescence from each dye can be electronically distinguished from each other dye and marking different groups of strands with different ones of the at least four dyes.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
78 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; electrophoresing the strands to separate them into bands; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions from an infrared laser diode light source; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
78 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region; electrophoresing the strands to separate them into bands; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions from an infrared laser diode light source; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
77 words
A method according to claim 10 in which the step of marking includes the substeps of selecting at least four dyes with each of the four dyes having at least one of its excitation and radiation spectra spaced sufficiently from each of the other of the four dyes wherein the flourescence from each dye can be electronically distinguished from each other dye and marking different groups of strands with different ones of the at least four dyes.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
117 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions wherein the flourescent labels have an excitation band and an emission band spaced from each other sufficiently to separate the emission band from the excitation band; electrophoresing the strands to separate them into bands; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels wherein the step of detecting includes the substep of detecting light within the emission band separately from the excitation band.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
117 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA comprising the steps of: marking the strands with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions wherein the flourescent labels have an excitation band and an emission band spaced from each other sufficiently to separate the emission band from the excitation band; electrophoresing the strands to separate them into bands; irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels wherein the step of detecting includes the substep of detecting light within the emission band separately from the excitation band.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method of identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 12 in which the step of irradiating includes the step of irradiating with an infrared laser diode light source having an emission band that is strong in the excitation band of the fluorescent labels but not strong in the emission band of the fluorescent labels.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
94 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within soda lime glass; means for electrophoresing strands of DNA in the gel contained within soda lime glass, wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
94 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within soda lime glass; means for electrophoresing strands of DNA in the gel contained within soda lime glass, wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 14 in which the means for irradiating includes an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
97 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained with an unground optically flat glass; means for electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained with an unground optically flat glass wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
97 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained with an unground optically flat glass; means for electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained with an unground optically flat glass wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 16 in which the means for irradiating includes an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
108 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within glass; means for electrophesing the strands of DNA in the gel, wherein electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained with an unground optically flat glass with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels; the means for irradiating including an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
108 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within glass; means for electrophesing the strands of DNA in the gel, wherein electrophoresing the strands in a gel contained with an unground optically flat glass with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels; the means for irradiating including an infrared laser diode light source.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
106 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within glass, wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for electrophoresing strands of DNA through the gel to separate the strands into bands; an infrared laser diode light source; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions from the infrared laser diode light source; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
106 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within glass, wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared regions may be separated into bands; means for electrophoresing strands of DNA through the gel to separate the strands into bands; an infrared laser diode light source; means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions from the infrared laser diode light source; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
135 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within glass, wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region, wherein the fluorescent labels have an excitation band and an emission band spaced from each other sufficiently to separate the emission band from the excitation band; means for electrophoresing strands of DNA through the gel to separate the strands into bands: means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels, wherein the means of detecting light includes a means for detecting light within the emission band separately from the excitation band.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
135 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA comprising: a gel; said gel being contained within glass, wherein strands of DNA marked with fluorescent labels that emit light in a region of wavelengths including at least one wavelength within the infrared and near infrared region, wherein the fluorescent labels have an excitation band and an emission band spaced from each other sufficiently to separate the emission band from the excitation band; means for electrophoresing strands of DNA through the gel to separate the strands into bands: means for irradiating the strands with light having a wavelength within one of the infrared and near infrared regions; and means for detecting the light emitted from the fluorescent labels, wherein the means of detecting light includes a means for detecting light within the emission band separately from the excitation band.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
50 words
Apparatus for identifying strands of DNA in accordance with claim 20 in which the means for irradiating includes an infrared laser diode light source having an emission band that is strong in the excitation band of the fluorescent labels but not strong in the emission band of the fluorescent labels.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4724202A
Cited
US5091519A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-11-21 | 1998-05-23 | 1998-11-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-11-21 | 2002-05-23 | 2002-11-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-11-21 | 2006-05-23 | 2006-11-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |