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US5361070A
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Ultra-wideband radar motion sensor
Assignee: University of California
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Filing: 1993-04-12
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Granted: 1994-11-01
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Expires: 2013-04-12
Abstract
Abstract A motion sensor is based on ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. UWB radar range is determined by a pulse-echo interval. For motion detection, the sensors operate by staring at a fixed range and then sensing any change in the averaged radar reflectivity at that range. A sampling gate is opened at a fixed delay after the emission of a transmit pulse. The resultant sampling gate output is averaged over repeated pulses. Changes in the averaged sampling gate output represent changes in the radar reflectivity at a particular range, and thus motion.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas E. McEwan
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 09:34
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S7/00; G01S7/02; G01S7/28; G01S13/00; G01S13/88; G01S13/887; G01S13/888; A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/05; A61B5/0507; G01S13/02; G01S13/0209; G01S13/06; G01S13/08; G01S13/10; G01S13/18; G01S13/50; G01S13/52; G01S13/56; H; H04; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/69; H04B1/7163; A61B5/72; A61B5/7235; A61B5/7239
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
90 words
An ultra-wideband (UWB) radar motion sensor, comprising: a pulse repetition interval generator; a fixed reference delay means connected to the pulse repetition interval generator; a transmit pulse generator connected to the reference delay means; a transmit antenna connected to the transmit pulse generator; an adjustable delay means connected to the pulse repetition interval generator; a gating pulse generator connected to the adjustable delay means; an UWB radar receiver connected to the gating pulse generator; a receiver antenna connected to the UWB receiver; signal processing means connected to the UWB receiver.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
90 words
An ultra-wideband (UWB) radar motion sensor, comprising: a pulse repetition interval generator; a fixed reference delay means connected to the pulse repetition interval generator; a transmit pulse generator connected to the reference delay means; a transmit antenna connected to the transmit pulse generator; an adjustable delay means connected to the pulse repetition interval generator; a gating pulse generator connected to the adjustable delay means; an UWB radar receiver connected to the gating pulse generator; a receiver antenna connected to the UWB receiver; signal processing means connected to the UWB receiver.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The sensor of claim 1 further comprising alarm means connected to the signal processing means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
The sensor of claim 1 further comprising a noise generator connected to the pulse repetition interval generator.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The sensor of claim 1 further comprising range adjustment means connected to the adjustable delay means.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the signal processing means comprises an integrator followed by a differentiator.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the signal processing means is a bandpass filter.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the pulse repetition interval generator is a dithered pulse generator.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
The sensor of claim 1 further comprising a square wave oscillator connected to the adjustable delay means for repetitively switching between two fixed ranges and an analog switch connected to the output of the UWB receiver and to the square wave oscillator for switching the UWB receiver output to separate motion detectors for each range.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
55 words
The sensor of claim 1 further comprising a second UWB radar receiver connected to the gating impulse generators, a second receiver antenna connected to the second UWB receiver, and a delay line positioned either between the second receiver antenna and second UWB receiver, or inbetween the gating impulse generator and one of the UWB receivers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the UWB radar receiver averages about 1,000 to 10,000 pulses.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the transmit and receiver antennas are formed of a dipole pair which exhibits antenna ringdown.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the transmit pulse generator comprises a logic gate connected to a step recovery diode.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the transmit pulse generator comprises a logic gate connected to a high speed bipolar transistor.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the adjustable delay means comprises a resistor-capacitor (RC) network between a first logic gate and a second logic gate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the pulse repetition interval generator comprises a CMOS oscillator.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the pulse repetition interval generator comprises a resistor-capacitor (RC) oscillator with a nonlinear resistance network.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The sensor of claim 7 wherein the dithered pulse generator comprises a bipolar transistor, a base resistor, and an amplifier.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The sensor of claim 2 wherein the alarm means triggers on an increase or decrease in average detected signal.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein at least one of the transmit pulse generator and the gating pulse generator comprises means to limit the pulse width or duty cycle.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
36 words
The sensor of claim 1 wherein the transmit antenna comprises a single dipole with the transmit pulse applied to one terminal of the dipole and the receiver connected to one or both terminals of the dipole.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-10-31 | 1998-05-02 | 1998-11-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-10-31 | 2002-05-02 | 2002-11-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-10-31 | 2006-05-02 | 2006-11-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |