Patent US5354723A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5354723A
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US
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Method for protecting against duplication with a color copier
Assignee: Nocopi Technologies Inc
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Filing: 1993-04-19
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Granted: 1994-10-11
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Expires: 2013-04-19
Abstract
Abstract A method for protecting against duplication of a document with a color copier comprises providing a background color on a document having an average reflectance value and printing on the background with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value. The contrast color is printed with a printing medium that allows activation by a rub and reveal action or by application of intense light.
Inventors
- 👤 Arshavir Gundjian
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 21:46
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G21/00; G03G21/04; G03G21/043; B; B41; B41M; B41M3/00; B41M3/14; B41M3/142; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S283/00; Y10S283/902; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/914; Y10S428/915; Y10S428/916; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24802; Y10T428/24893; Y10T428/24901; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/261; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31942; Y10T428/31949; Y10T428/31964; Y10T428/31967
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
101 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of a mixture of micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activator material and wherein at least one of the micronized color former leuco dye and activator is non-soluble in the printing medium.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
101 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of a mixture of micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activator material and wherein at least one of the micronized color former leuco dye and activator is non-soluble in the printing medium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of applying a printing medium comprises applying the mixture including a binder.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of applying comprises applying an oil based printing ink.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 3, wherein the oil based printing ink is an offset printing ink.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method according to claim 1, further comprising activating the color former leuco dye and the activator material to change the color of the printing medium by simultaneously applying mechanical pressure and a rubbing action on the printing medium.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
121 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of one of micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activating phenolic resin, covering the printing medium with a first colorless continuous coating of a barrier material providing a non-porous coating of a high softening temperature lying between 210° F. and 400° F. and covering the continuous coating with a second colorless continuous coating of the other of a micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activator material.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
121 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of one of micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activating phenolic resin, covering the printing medium with a first colorless continuous coating of a barrier material providing a non-porous coating of a high softening temperature lying between 210° F. and 400° F. and covering the continuous coating with a second colorless continuous coating of the other of a micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activator material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method according to claim 6, further comprising activating the color former leuco dye and the activator material to change the color of the printing medium by simultaneously applying mechanical pressure and a rubbing action on the printing medium.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a first colorless continuous coating of one of micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activator material, covering the first coating with a second colorless continuous coating of a barrier material providing a non-porous coating of a high softening temperature lying between 210° F. and 400° F. and applying a printing medium consisting of the other of micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activating phenolic resin.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a first colorless continuous coating of one of micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activator material, covering the first coating with a second colorless continuous coating of a barrier material providing a non-porous coating of a high softening temperature lying between 210° F. and 400° F. and applying a printing medium consisting of the other of micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activating phenolic resin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method according to claim 8, further comprising activating the color former leuco dye and the activator material to change the color of the printing medium by simultaneously applying mechanical pressure and a rubbing action on the printing medium.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
62 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of a microencapsulated photochromic dye only sensitive to intense radiation.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
62 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of a microencapsulated photochromic dye only sensitive to intense radiation.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 10, further comprising activating the photochromic dye to change the color of the printing medium.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
95 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by microencapsulating at least one of a micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activator material with a colorless continuous coating of a barrier material and applying a printing medium consisting of the microcapsules and the other of micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activating phenolic resin.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
95 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by microencapsulating at least one of a micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activator material with a colorless continuous coating of a barrier material and applying a printing medium consisting of the microcapsules and the other of micronized color former leuco dye and micronized activating phenolic resin.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method according to claim 12, further comprising activating the color former leuco dye and the activator material to change the color of the printing medium by simultaneously applying mechanical pressure and a rubbing action on the printing medium.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
127 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of a micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activator material in an oil vehicle and microencapsulated with a colorless continuous coating of a barrier material and wherein the barrier material is non-soluble in the printing medium, nonporous to the oil vehicle and has a softening temperature between 210° and 400° F. and at least one of the micronized color former leuco dye and the micronized activator material are non-soluble in the oil vehicle.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
127 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by applying a printing medium consisting of a micronized color former leuco dye and a micronized activator material in an oil vehicle and microencapsulated with a colorless continuous coating of a barrier material and wherein the barrier material is non-soluble in the printing medium, nonporous to the oil vehicle and has a softening temperature between 210° and 400° F. and at least one of the micronized color former leuco dye and the micronized activator material are non-soluble in the oil vehicle.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method according to claim 14, further comprising activating the color former leuco dye and the activating phenolic resin to change the color of the printing medium by simultaneously applying mechanical pressure and a rubbing action on the printing medium.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
109 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value to thereby produce unreadable copy when copied and printing on the background a conjugate element having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by at least 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value to thereby produce readable copy when copied.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
109 words
A method for protecting against duplication with a color copier, comprising the steps of: providing a background color on a substrate having an average reflectance value; and printing on the background color with a contrast color having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value to thereby produce unreadable copy when copied and printing on the background a conjugate element having a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by at least 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value to thereby produce readable copy when copied.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method according to claim 6, wherein the step of printing the contrast color comprises the steps of printing the contrast color with a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method according to claim 8, wherein the step of printing the contrast color comprises the steps of printing the contrast color with a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method according to claim 10, wherein the step of printing the contrast color comprises the steps of printing the contrast color with a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method according to claim 12, wherein the step of printing the contrast color comprises the steps of printing the contrast color with a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method according to claim 14, wherein the step of printing the contrast color comprises the steps of printing the contrast color with a spectral characteristic which modulates the average reflectance value by no more than 5% and has an average value equal to the average reflectance value.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-10-10 | 1998-04-11 | 1998-10-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-10-10 | 2002-04-11 | 2002-10-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-10-10 | 2006-04-11 | 2006-10-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |