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US5354631A
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Enhanced lithium surface
Assignee: Valence Technology Inc
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Filing: 1993-06-08
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Granted: 1994-10-11
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Expires: 2013-06-08
Abstract
Abstract This invention is directed to an enhanced lithium surface particularly suited for use as the anode in solid electrochemical cells, which is coated with a polymer of an acryloyl-derivatized alkoxyhalosilane.
Inventors
- 👤 Benjamin Chaloner-Gill
- 👤 On K. Chang
- 👤 Neal Golovin
- 👤 Eileen Saidi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 15:36
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/05; H01M10/052; H01M10/056; H01M10/0564; H01M10/0565; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/13; H01M4/36; H01M4/38; H01M2004/026; H01M2004/027; H01M2300/00; H01M2300/0017; H01M2300/0065; H01M2300/0068; H01M2300/0082; H01M4/40; H01M4/405; H01M50/00; H01M50/40; H01M50/46; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; H01M6/18; H01M6/188; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49108; Y10T29/49115
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A lithium or lithium alloy anode in an electrochemical cell: wherein a surface of said anode has been treated with a polymer precursor composition comprising the di- or monoacrylated alkoxyhalosilane represented by Formula I: I[CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2).sub.n O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m wherein n is an integer between 3 and 10; p is an integer 1 or 2; q is an integer between 0 and 2; m is an integer between 1 and 3; with the proviso that p+q+m=4; R 1 is H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; R 2 is H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, cyclohexyl or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; and X is halogen.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
106 words
A lithium or lithium alloy anode in an electrochemical cell: wherein a surface of said anode has been treated with a polymer precursor composition comprising the di- or monoacrylated alkoxyhalosilane represented by Formula I: I[CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2).sub.n O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m wherein n is an integer between 3 and 10; p is an integer 1 or 2; q is an integer between 0 and 2; m is an integer between 1 and 3; with the proviso that p+q+m=4; R 1 is H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; R 2 is H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, cyclohexyl or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; and X is halogen.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
9 words
An anode according to claim 1 which is lithium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
An anode according to claim 1 wherein said polymer precursor is a monoacrylated alkoxyhalosilane.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
An anode according to claim 1 wherein p=1, m is an integer 1 or 2, and X is chlorine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
An anode according to claim 4 wherein n is an integer between 2 and 4, m=1, R 1 is H or CH 3 , and R 2 is C 1 -C 2 alkyl.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
An anode according to claim 1 treated with monoacrylated alkoxychlorodimethylsilane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
An anode according to claim 1 treated with di-acrylated alkoxychloromethylsilane.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
103 words
A lithium or lithium alloy anode in an electrochemical cell: wherein a surface of said metal is coated with a polymer of the di- or monoacrylated alkoxyhalosilane represented by Formula I: I[CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2).sub.n O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m wherein n is an integer between 3 and 10; p is an integer 1 or 2; q is an integer between 0 and 2; m is an integer between 1 and 3; with the proviso that p+q+m=4; R 1 is H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; R 2 is H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, cyclohexyl or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; and X is halogen.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
103 words
A lithium or lithium alloy anode in an electrochemical cell: wherein a surface of said metal is coated with a polymer of the di- or monoacrylated alkoxyhalosilane represented by Formula I: I[CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2).sub.n O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m wherein n is an integer between 3 and 10; p is an integer 1 or 2; q is an integer between 0 and 2; m is an integer between 1 and 3; with the proviso that p+q+m=4; R 1 is H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl; R 2 is H, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, cyclohexyl or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; and X is halogen.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
9 words
An anode according to claim 8 which is lithium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
An anode according to claim 8 wherein said polymer is a polymer of a monoacrylated alkoxyhalosilane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
An anode according to claim 8 wherein said polymer is a polymer of diacrylated alkoxyhalosilane.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
An anode according to claim 8 wherein p=1, m is an integer 1 or 2, and X is chlorine.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
33 words
An anode according to claim 12 wherein n is an integer between 2 and 4, m=1, R 1 is H or CH 3 , and R 2 is C 1 -C 2 alkyl.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
An anode according to claim 8 coated with a polymer of monoacrylated alkoxychlorodimethylsilane.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
An anode according to claim 8 coated with a polymer of diacrylated alkoxychloromethylsilane.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
An anode according to claim 8 wherein said polymer has a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 100,000.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
52 words
A solid electrochemical cell which comprises: an anode containing lithium; a cathode containing a compatible cathodic material; interposed between said anode and said cathode, a solid electrolyte; and interposed between said anode and said electrolyte, a polymeric layer comprising as prepolymer, the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
52 words
A solid electrochemical cell which comprises: an anode containing lithium; a cathode containing a compatible cathodic material; interposed between said anode and said cathode, a solid electrolyte; and interposed between said anode and said electrolyte, a polymeric layer comprising as prepolymer, the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
A solid electrochemical cell according to claim 17 wherein said silane is a di-acrylalkoxylated halosilane.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
A solid electrochemical cell according to claim 18 wherein said silane is a di-acrylalkoxylated chlorosilane.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
A solid electrochemical cell according to claim 17 wherein said silane is a di-acrylalkoxylated chloromethylsilane.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
A solid electrochemical cell according to claim 17 wherein said silane is a monoacrylalkoxylated chlorodimethylsilane.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
47 words
A method of making an anode for solid electrochemical cells comprising the steps of: coating a lithium or lithium alloy metal surface with a polymer precursor composition comprising the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m; and partially or totally curing said polymer precursor.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
47 words
A method of making an anode for solid electrochemical cells comprising the steps of: coating a lithium or lithium alloy metal surface with a polymer precursor composition comprising the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m; and partially or totally curing said polymer precursor.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 22 wherein said curing step is carried out by exposing said polymer precursor composition to ultraviolet light or an electron beam.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
141 words
A method of making a solid electrochemical cell comprising the steps of: coating a compatible cathode composition comprising a radiation polymerizable polymer precursor onto a substrate; coating an ionically conducting electrolyte composition comprising radiation polymerizable polymer precursors on to said cathode composition; partially or totally curing said cathode composition and said electrolyte composition by exposing same to radiation; coating a lithium, a lithium metal alloy, or a lithium coated foil metal surface with a second polymer precursor composition comprising the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m partially or totally curing said second polymer precursor by exposing same to radiation to form a totally or partially cured polymeric layer on said lithium metal surface; and placing said partially or totally cured polymeric layer on said lithium surface in operational contact with said partially or totally cured electrolyte composition.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
141 words
A method of making a solid electrochemical cell comprising the steps of: coating a compatible cathode composition comprising a radiation polymerizable polymer precursor onto a substrate; coating an ionically conducting electrolyte composition comprising radiation polymerizable polymer precursors on to said cathode composition; partially or totally curing said cathode composition and said electrolyte composition by exposing same to radiation; coating a lithium, a lithium metal alloy, or a lithium coated foil metal surface with a second polymer precursor composition comprising the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m partially or totally curing said second polymer precursor by exposing same to radiation to form a totally or partially cured polymeric layer on said lithium metal surface; and placing said partially or totally cured polymeric layer on said lithium surface in operational contact with said partially or totally cured electrolyte composition.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method according to claim 24 wherein said radiation is an electron beam.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
11 words
A battery comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells of claim 17.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
47 words
A method of passivating a lithium or lithium alloy metal surface comprises treating said surface with a composition of polymer precursors comprising the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m and curing said polymer precursors to form an ultrathin polymeric layer of submicron thickness.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
47 words
A method of passivating a lithium or lithium alloy metal surface comprises treating said surface with a composition of polymer precursors comprising the silane represented by Formula I [CH.sub.2 ═CR.sup.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2)O].sub.p Si(R.sup.2).sub.q X.sub.m and curing said polymer precursors to form an ultrathin polymeric layer of submicron thickness.
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