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US5352906A
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Poly (p-phenyleneneacetylene) light-emitting diodes
Assignee: Iowa State University Research Foundation Inc
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Filing: 1993-01-29
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Granted: 1994-10-04
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Expires: 2013-01-29
Abstract
Abstract Acetylene containing poly(p-phenyleneacetylene) (PPA) - based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are provided. The LEDs are fabricated by coating a hole-injecting electrode, preferably an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate, with a PPA polymer, such as a 2,5-dibutoxy or a 2,5-dihexoxy derivative of PPA, dissolved in an organic solvent. This is then followed by evaporating a layer of material capable of injecting electrons, such as Al or Al/Ca, onto the polymer to form a base electrode. This composition is then annealed to form efficient EL diodes.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph Shinar
- 👤 Leland S. Swanson
- 👤 Feng Lu
- 👤 Yiwei Ding
- 👤 Thomas J. Barton
- 👤 Zeev V. Vardeny
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 22:21
CPC Classifications
H; H10; H10K; H10K50/00; H10K50/10; H10K50/11
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
158 words
A light-emitting diode comprising: (a) an electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, having first and second surfaces; (b) a base electrode layer adjacent to the first surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (c) a second electrode adjacent to the second surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; and (d) means for providing an electrical connection between the base electrode layer and the second electrode; wherein: (i) the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer comprises a poly(ρ-phenyleneacetylene) polymer of the formula --[--C.tbd.C--Ar--C.tbd.C--Ar--] n --, having a number average molecular weight of at least about 2,000, wherein Ar is an arylene group and n≧5; (ii) the second electrode comprises a layer of a material coated on a substram, wherein the material is capable of injecting holes into the electroluminescent polymer; and (iii) the layer of hole-injecting material is a layer of an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of a Group IIIA metal, a Group IVA metal, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
158 words
A light-emitting diode comprising: (a) an electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, having first and second surfaces; (b) a base electrode layer adjacent to the first surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (c) a second electrode adjacent to the second surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; and (d) means for providing an electrical connection between the base electrode layer and the second electrode; wherein: (i) the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer comprises a poly(ρ-phenyleneacetylene) polymer of the formula --[--C.tbd.C--Ar--C.tbd.C--Ar--] n --, having a number average molecular weight of at least about 2,000, wherein Ar is an arylene group and n≧5; (ii) the second electrode comprises a layer of a material coated on a substram, wherein the material is capable of injecting holes into the electroluminescent polymer; and (iii) the layer of hole-injecting material is a layer of an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of a Group IIIA metal, a Group IVA metal, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 1 wherein the second electrode comprises a layer of indium-tin-oxide coated on a glass substrate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 1 wherein the means for providing an electrical connection comprises a first conductive wire bonded to the base electrode layer and a second conductive wire bonded to the second electrode.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 3 wherein the first conductive wire bonded to the base electrode layer is bonded to a region that is directly above a region of the glass substrate on which there is substantially no indium-tin-oxide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 1 wherein the base electrode layer comprises a layer of a material capable of injecting electrons into the polymer layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 5 wherein the electron-injecting material has a work function of no greater than about 4.5 eV.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 6 wherein the electron-injecting material is a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, yttrium, a lanthanide, an actinide. or an alkaline-earth metal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 7 wherein the electron-injecting material is aluminum.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 1 wherein the base electrode comprises an electroninjecting material having a work function at least about 0.5 eV less than the work function of the hole-injecting material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 1 wherein the layer of hole-injecting material and the substrate are at least translucent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 10 wherein the layer of hole-injecting material and the substrate are transparent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 1 wherein the poly(ρ-phenyleneacetylene) polymer is soluble in organic solvents.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 1 wherein the arylene group is substituted with at least one functional group.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
165 words
A light-emitting diode comprising: (a) an electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, having first and second surfaces; (b) a base electrode layer adjacent to the first surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (c) a second electrode adjacent to the second surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (d) means for providing an electrical connection between the base electrode layer and the second electrode; and (e) means for providing current; wherein (i) the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer comprises a poly(ρ-phenyleneacetylene) polymer of the formula --[--C.tbd.C--Ar--C.tbd.C--Ar--] n --, having a number average molecular weight of about 2,000-100,000, wherein Ar is a (C 6 -C 24 )arylene group and n=12-200; (ii) the second electrode comprises a layer of a material coated on a substrate, wherein the material is capable of injecting holes into the electroluminescent polymer; and (iii) the layer of hole-injecting material is a layer of an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of a Group IlIA metal, a Group IVA metal, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
165 words
A light-emitting diode comprising: (a) an electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, having first and second surfaces; (b) a base electrode layer adjacent to the first surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (c) a second electrode adjacent to the second surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (d) means for providing an electrical connection between the base electrode layer and the second electrode; and (e) means for providing current; wherein (i) the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer comprises a poly(ρ-phenyleneacetylene) polymer of the formula --[--C.tbd.C--Ar--C.tbd.C--Ar--] n --, having a number average molecular weight of about 2,000-100,000, wherein Ar is a (C 6 -C 24 )arylene group and n=12-200; (ii) the second electrode comprises a layer of a material coated on a substrate, wherein the material is capable of injecting holes into the electroluminescent polymer; and (iii) the layer of hole-injecting material is a layer of an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of a Group IlIA metal, a Group IVA metal, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
8 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 14 wherein n=12-100.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
37 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 15 wherein the (C 6 -C 24 )arylene group is functionalized with substituents selected from the group consisting of (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
145 words
A light-emitting diode comprising: (a) an electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, having first and second surfaces; (b) a layer of a metal adjacent to the first surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (c) a layer of indium-tin oxide having first and second surfaces, wherein the first surface is adjacent to the second surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, and wherein the mixed-metal oxide has a work function at least about 0.5 eV greater than the work function of the metal; (d) a glass substrate adjacent to the second surface of the indium-tin-oxide layer; and (e) means for providing an electrical connection between the aluminum layer and the indium-tin-oxide layer; wherein the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer comprises a poly(ρ-phenyleneacetylene) polymer of the formula --[--C.tbd.C--Ar--C.tbd.C--Ar--] n --, having a number average molecular weight of at least about 2,000-100,000 wherein Ar is an arylene group and n=12-200.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
145 words
A light-emitting diode comprising: (a) an electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, having first and second surfaces; (b) a layer of a metal adjacent to the first surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer; (c) a layer of indium-tin oxide having first and second surfaces, wherein the first surface is adjacent to the second surface of the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer, and wherein the mixed-metal oxide has a work function at least about 0.5 eV greater than the work function of the metal; (d) a glass substrate adjacent to the second surface of the indium-tin-oxide layer; and (e) means for providing an electrical connection between the aluminum layer and the indium-tin-oxide layer; wherein the electroluminescent acetylene-based polymer layer comprises a poly(ρ-phenyleneacetylene) polymer of the formula --[--C.tbd.C--Ar--C.tbd.C--Ar--] n --, having a number average molecular weight of at least about 2,000-100,000 wherein Ar is an arylene group and n=12-200.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
8 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 17 wherein n=12-100.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 18 wherein Ar is a (C 6 -C 24 )arylene group.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
37 words
The light-emitting diode of claim 19 wherein the (C 6 -C 24 )arylene group is functionalized with substituents selected from the group consisting of (C 1 -C 10 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 10 )alkoxy, and mixtures thereof.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-10-03 | 1998-04-04 | 1998-10-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-04-04 | 2002-10-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-10-03 | 2006-04-04 | 2006-10-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |