US5352254A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Abrasive grain, method of making same and abrasive products
Assignee: 3M Co
•
Filing: 1993-05-20
•
Granted: 1994-10-04
•
Expires: 2013-05-20
Abstract
Abstract An abrasive grain having a coating of grinding aid thereon is provided. The abrasive grains can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive products including bonded abrasives, nonwoven abrasives and coated abrasives.
Inventors
- 👤 Ahmet Celikkaya
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 13:36
CPC Classifications
B; B24; B24D; B24D11/00; B24D13/00; B24D13/02; B24D13/12; B24D3/00; B24D3/02; B24D3/04; B24D3/14; B24D3/16; B24D3/34; C; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/14; C09K3/1436; C09K3/1445
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
25 words
An abrasive grain comprising: (i) an abrasive particle having an outer surface; and (ii) grinding aid material bonded to said outer surface via interparticle attraction.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
25 words
An abrasive grain comprising: (i) an abrasive particle having an outer surface; and (ii) grinding aid material bonded to said outer surface via interparticle attraction.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 1 wherein said grinding aid material covers at least 10% of said outer surface.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 2 wherein said abrasive particle is a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic particle.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A plurality of abrasive grain according to claim 3 wherein each abrasive particle has an average particle size within the range of about 10 micrometers to about 4,000 micrometers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 4 wherein said grinding aid material is selected from the group consisting of waxes, organic halide compounds, halide salts and metals and their alloys, and combinations thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
71 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 4 wherein said grinding aid material is selected from the group consisting of chlorinated waxes, sodium chloride, potassium cryolite, potassium fluorophosphate, sodium cryolite, ammonium cryolite, potassium tetrafluoroborate, calcium fluoride, sodium tetrafluoroborate, ammonium chloride, silicon fluorides, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, tin, lead, bismuth, cobalt, antimony, cadmium, iron, titanium, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, graphite, zinc stearate, lithium stearate, boron nitride, iron pyrites, metallic sulfides, and combinations thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 4 wherein said sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic particle comprises alpha alumina and metal oxide modifier.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 4 wherein said sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic particle comprises a sintered reaction product of a rare earth metal oxide with alumina.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 4 wherein said outer surface includes separated protuberant masses of autogenously bonded inorganic material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
39 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 2 wherein said abrasive particle is made of a material selected from the group consisting of fused alumina, fused alumina-zirconia, cubic boron nitride, diamond, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, garnet, and cubic boron carbide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
An abrasive article comprising: (a) an organic binder; and (b) a plurality of abrasive grains secured within said abrasive article by said organic binder; said abrasive grains including abrasive grain according to claim 4.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
An abrasive article according to claim 11 in the form of a wheel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
49 words
A coated abrasive article comprising: (a) a backing having a major surface; and (b) an abrasive layer attached to said major surface of said backing, said abrasive layer comprising a binder and a plurality of abrasive grain, said plurality of abrasive grain including abrasive grain according to claim 4.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
44 words
A three-dimensional, low density abrasive article comprising an open, porous lofty polymer filament structure having a plurality of abrasive grain distributed throughout and adhesively bonded within said structure by an adhesive material, said plurality of abrasive grain including abrasive grain according to claim 4.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
87 words
Abrasive grain comprising sintered ceramic particles having an average particle size within the range of about 10 micrometers to about 4,000 micrometers, each particle comprising: (i) a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core having a surface area; (ii) a coating of inorganic particulates autogenously bonded to said alpha alumina-based core; said coating covering at least 70% of the surface area of said alpha alumina-based core to provide an outer surface; and (iii) grinding aid material bonded onto at least a portion of said outer surface via interparticle attraction.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
87 words
Abrasive grain comprising sintered ceramic particles having an average particle size within the range of about 10 micrometers to about 4,000 micrometers, each particle comprising: (i) a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core having a surface area; (ii) a coating of inorganic particulates autogenously bonded to said alpha alumina-based core; said coating covering at least 70% of the surface area of said alpha alumina-based core to provide an outer surface; and (iii) grinding aid material bonded onto at least a portion of said outer surface via interparticle attraction.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
33 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 15 wherein said grinding aid material is selected from the group consisting of waxes, organic halide compounds, halide salts and metals and their alloys, and combinations thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
71 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 15 wherein said grinding aid material is selected from the group consisting of chlorinated waxes, sodium chloride, potassium cryolite, potassium fluorophosphate, sodium cryolite, ammonium cryolite, potassium tetrafluoroborate, calcium fluoride, sodium tetrafluoroborate, ammonium chloride, silicon fluorides, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, tin, lead, bismuth, cobalt, antimony, cadmium, iron, titanium, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, graphite, zinc stearate, lithium stearate, boron nitride, iron pyrites, metallic sulfides, and combinations thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 15 wherein said grinding aid material covers at least 10% of said outer surface.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 15 wherein said sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core comprises alpha alumina and metal oxide modifier.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 15 wherein said sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core comprises a sintered reaction product of a rare earth metal oxide with alumina.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
35 words
An abrasive article comprising: (a) a binder; and (b) a plurality of abrasive grains secured within an abrasive article by said organic binder; said plurality of abrasive grain includes abrasive grain according to claim 15.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
An abrasive article according to claim 21 in the form of a wheel.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
49 words
A coated abrasive article comprising: (a) a backing having a major surface; and (b) an abrasive layer attached to said major surface of said backing, said abrasive layer comprising a binder and a plurality of abrasive grain, said plurality of abrasive grain including abrasive grain according to claim 15.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
44 words
A three-dimensional, low density abrasive article comprising an open, porous lofty polymer filament structure having a plurality of abrasive grain distributed throughout and adhesively bonded within said structure by an adhesive material, said plurality of abrasive grain including abrasive grain according to claim 15.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
57 words
A method for making abrasive grain comprising: (i) an abrasive particle having an outer surface; and (ii) grinding aid material bonded said outer surface via interparticle attraction, said method comprising the step of mixing a plurality of abrasive particles with a sufficient amount of a grinding aid material for a time sufficient to provide said abrasive grain.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
57 words
A method for making abrasive grain comprising: (i) an abrasive particle having an outer surface; and (ii) grinding aid material bonded said outer surface via interparticle attraction, said method comprising the step of mixing a plurality of abrasive particles with a sufficient amount of a grinding aid material for a time sufficient to provide said abrasive grain.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 25 wherein said grinding aid material covers at least 10% of said outer surface.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method according to claim 26 wherein said abrasive particle is a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic particle.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method according to claim 27 wherein said grinding aid material selected is from the group consisting of waxes, organic halide compounds, halide salts and metals and their alloys, and combinations thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
70 words
The method according to claim 27 wherein said grinding aid material is selected from the group consisting of chlorinated waxes, sodium chloride, potassium cryolite, potassium fluorophosphate, sodium cryolite, ammonium cryolite, potassium tetrafluoroborate, calcium fluoride, sodium tetrafluoroborate, ammonium chloride, silicon fluorides, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, tin, lead, bismuth, cobalt, antimony, cadmium, iron, titanium, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, graphite, zinc stearate, lithium stearate, boron nitride, iron pyrites, metallic sulfides, and combinations thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method according to claim 27 wherein the weight ratio of grinding aid material to sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic particles during said step of mixing is in the range from about 1:100 to about 1:1.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of making an abrasive article, said method comprising the steps of: (A) making abrasive grain according to the method of claim 27; and (B) incorporating said abrasive grain into an abrasive article comprising an organic binder.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
180 words
A method of making ceramic abrasive grain comprising sintered particles having an average particle size within the range of about 10 micrometers to about 4,000 micrometers, each particle comprising: (i) a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core having a surface area; (ii) a coating of inorganic particulates autogenously bonded to said alpha alumina-based core; said coating covering at least 70% of the surface area of said alpha alumina-based core to provide an outer surface; and (iii) grinding aid material bonded onto at least a portion of said outer surface area via interparticle attraction, said method comprising the step of mixing a plurality of sintered particles having an average particle size within the range of about 10 micrometers to about 4,000 micrometers, each particle comprising: (i) a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core having a surface area; and (ii) a coating of inorganic particulates autogenously bonded to said alpha alumina-based core; said coating covering at least 70% of said surface area of said alpha alumina-based core with a sufficient amount of grinding aid material for a time sufficient to provide said abrasive grain.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
180 words
A method of making ceramic abrasive grain comprising sintered particles having an average particle size within the range of about 10 micrometers to about 4,000 micrometers, each particle comprising: (i) a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core having a surface area; (ii) a coating of inorganic particulates autogenously bonded to said alpha alumina-based core; said coating covering at least 70% of the surface area of said alpha alumina-based core to provide an outer surface; and (iii) grinding aid material bonded onto at least a portion of said outer surface area via interparticle attraction, said method comprising the step of mixing a plurality of sintered particles having an average particle size within the range of about 10 micrometers to about 4,000 micrometers, each particle comprising: (i) a sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic core having a surface area; and (ii) a coating of inorganic particulates autogenously bonded to said alpha alumina-based core; said coating covering at least 70% of said surface area of said alpha alumina-based core with a sufficient amount of grinding aid material for a time sufficient to provide said abrasive grain.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method according to claim 32 wherein said grinding aid material is selected from the group consisting of waxes, organic halide compounds, halide salts and metals and their alloys, and combinations thereof.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
70 words
The method according to claim 32 wherein said grinding aid material is selected from the group consisting of chlorinated waxes, sodium chloride, potassium cryolite, potassium fluorophosphate, sodium cryolite, ammonium cryolite, potassium tetrafluoroborate, calcium fluoride, sodium tetrafluoroborate, ammonium chloride, silicon fluorides, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, tin, lead, bismuth, cobalt, antimony, cadmium, iron, titanium, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, graphite, zinc stearate, lithium stearate, boron nitride, iron pyrites, metallic sulfides, and combinations thereof.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method according to claim 32 wherein the weight ratio of grinding aid material to sintered alpha alumina-based ceramic particles during said step of mixing is in the range from about 1:100 to about 1:1.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
20 words
The abrasive grain according to claim 32 wherein said grinding aid material covers at least 10% of said outer surface.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-10-03 | 1998-04-04 | 1998-10-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-10-03 | 2002-04-04 | 2002-10-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-10-03 | 2006-04-04 | 2006-10-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |