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US5332639A
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Toner for use in electrophotography and its manufacturing process comprising a charge control additive of an oxide coated with a mixture of tin oxide and antimony
Assignee: Sharp Corp
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Filing: 1992-01-06
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Granted: 1994-07-26
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Expires: 2012-01-06
Abstract
Abstract A toner for use in electrophotography in accordance with the present invention comprises toner particles and an external additive that is constituted by a silica fine powder composed of inexpensive silica particles coated with a mixture of homogeneously distributed tin oxide and antimony, and that is attached to the surface of the toner particles. The use of the silica fine powder improves the flowability of the toner whereby images with a uniform density can be obtained. In addition, the toner is stabilized as the above mixture lowers the electric resistance on the surface of the toner particles. The above external additive may also be composed of aluminum oxide fine powder or cerium oxide fine powder. For instance, with a toner for use in electrophotography that comprises an external additive composed of cerium oxide fine powder, the surface of the photoreceptor is polished though the polishing action of the cerium oxide whereby the formation of a toner film on the photoreceptor can be prevented and clear images can be obtained.
Inventors
- 👤 Tadashi Nakamura
- 👤 Shougo Iwai
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 09:20
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09708; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2993
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
A toner for use in electrophotography comprising: toner particles, and an external additive which comprises a fine powder composed of coated particles wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide, and cerium oxide, and wherein said coating on said particles comprises a mixture of homogeneously distributed tin oxide and antimony for controlling the electrostatic charge of said toner, wherein said external additive is attached on the surface of said toner particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
A toner for use in electrophotography comprising: toner particles, and an external additive which comprises a fine powder composed of coated particles wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide, and cerium oxide, and wherein said coating on said particles comprises a mixture of homogeneously distributed tin oxide and antimony for controlling the electrostatic charge of said toner, wherein said external additive is attached on the surface of said toner particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
54 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of said coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony is equal to 100:3 to 100:20, and wherein the particles are silica particles and the average particle size of said silica particles is equal to 0.005 μm to 0.5 μm.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 2, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said silica particles is equal to 20% by weight to 200% by weight with respect to said silica particles.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 3, wherein the specific electric resistivity of said silica particles is equal to 10 Ωcm to 10 3 Ωcm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 2, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said silica particles is equal to 40% by weight to 170% by weight with respect to said silica particles.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 2, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said silica particles is equal to 60% by weight to 140% by weight with respect to said silica particles.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
54 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of said coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony is equal to 100:5 to 100:15, and wherein the particles are silica particles and the average particle size of said silica particles is equal to 0.01 μm to 0.07 μm.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
56 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of said coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony is equal to 100:5 to 100:15, and wherein said particles are aluminum oxide particles and the average particle size of said aluminum oxide particles is equal to 0.005 μm to 0.5 μm.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 8, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said aluminum oxide particles is equal to 20% by weight to 200% by weight with respect to said aluminum oxide particles.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 8, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said aluminum oxide particles is equal to 40% by weight to 170% by weight with respect to said aluminum oxide particles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 8, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said aluminum oxide particles is equal to 60% by weight to 140% by weight with respect to said aluminum oxide particles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
56 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of said coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony is equal to 100:5 to 100:15, and wherein said particles are aluminum oxide particles and the average particle size of said aluminum oxide particles is equal to 0.01 μm to 0.07 μm.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
56 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of said coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony is equal to 100:3 to 100:20, and wherein said particles are cerium oxide particles and the average particle size of said cerium oxide particles is equal to 0.005 μm to 0.5 μm.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 13, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said cerium oxide particles is equal to 20% by weight to 200% by weight with respect to said cerium oxide particles.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 13, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said cerium oxide particles is equal to 40% by weight to 170% by weight with respect to said cerium oxide particles.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
40 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 13, wherein the amount of said coating mixture on said cerium oxide particles is equal to 60% by weight to 140% by weight with respect to said cerium oxide particles.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
56 words
A toner for use in electrophotography as defined in claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of said coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony is equal to 100:5 to 100:15, and wherein said particles are cerium oxide particles and the average particle size of said cerium oxide particles is equal to 0.01 μm to 0.7 μm.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
111 words
A toner for use in electrophotography comprising: toner particles which comprise blinder resin and a magnetic material; and an external additive which comprises coated particles wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide and cerium oxide, and wherein said coating on said particles comprises a mixture of homogeneously distributed tin oxide and antimony, wherein said external additive is attached on the surface of said toner particles, and wherein said magnetic material imparts magnetism to said toner, and the amount of said magnetic material is equal to 25 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of said binder resin.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
111 words
A toner for use in electrophotography comprising: toner particles which comprise blinder resin and a magnetic material; and an external additive which comprises coated particles wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide and cerium oxide, and wherein said coating on said particles comprises a mixture of homogeneously distributed tin oxide and antimony, wherein said external additive is attached on the surface of said toner particles, and wherein said magnetic material imparts magnetism to said toner, and the amount of said magnetic material is equal to 25 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of said binder resin.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
98 words
A method for manufacturing a toner for use in electrophotography comprising the steps of: melting and kneading binder resin, colorant, electrostatic charge control agent and wax in a kneader to form kneaded matter; producing toner particles by grinding and classifying the kneaded matter after said kneaded matter has been cooled; and producing a toner having a positive electrostatic charge by mixing and adding to said toner particles an external additive; said additive comprising particles selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide, and cerium oxide, which are coated with a coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
98 words
A method for manufacturing a toner for use in electrophotography comprising the steps of: melting and kneading binder resin, colorant, electrostatic charge control agent and wax in a kneader to form kneaded matter; producing toner particles by grinding and classifying the kneaded matter after said kneaded matter has been cooled; and producing a toner having a positive electrostatic charge by mixing and adding to said toner particles an external additive; said additive comprising particles selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide, and cerium oxide, which are coated with a coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said coated particles are coated silica particles.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said coated particles are coated cerium oxide particles.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 19, wherein said coated particles are coated aluminum oxide particles.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
95 words
A method for manufacturing a toner for use in electrophotography comprising the steps of: melting and kneading binder resin and a magnetic material in a kneader to produce kneaded matter; producing magnetic toner particles by grinding and classifying the kneaded matter after said kneaded matter has been cooled; and producing a single component magnetic toner by mixing and adding to said toner particles an external additive, wherein said additive comprises particles selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide, and cerium oxide, which are coated with a coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
95 words
A method for manufacturing a toner for use in electrophotography comprising the steps of: melting and kneading binder resin and a magnetic material in a kneader to produce kneaded matter; producing magnetic toner particles by grinding and classifying the kneaded matter after said kneaded matter has been cooled; and producing a single component magnetic toner by mixing and adding to said toner particles an external additive, wherein said additive comprises particles selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminum oxide, and cerium oxide, which are coated with a coating mixture of tin oxide and antimony.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said coated particles are coated silica particles.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said coated particles are coated cerium oxide particles.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said coated particles are coated aluminum oxide particles.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-07-25 | 1998-01-24 | 1998-07-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-01-24 | 2002-07-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-07-25 | 2006-01-24 | 2006-07-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |