Patent US5312678A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5312678A
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US
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Camouflage material
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1989-10-06
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Granted: 1994-05-17
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Expires: 2009-10-06
Abstract
Abstract A structure is provided comprising carbonaceous materials for absorbing and/or reflecting radiated energy or electromagnetic energy. The structure is useful for camouflage or for shielding electromagnetic radiation, especially microwaves.
Inventors
- 👤 Francis P. McCullough, Jr.
- 👤 Leo R. Novak
- 👤 David M. Hall
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 05:00
CPC Classifications
B; B32; B32B; B32B5/00; B32B5/22; B32B5/24; B32B5/26; F; F41; F41H; F41H3/00; H; H01; H01Q; H01Q17/00; H01Q17/005; B32B2262/00; B32B2262/10; B32B2262/106; B32B2307/00; B32B2307/20; B32B2307/212; B32B2307/50; B32B2307/56; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/919; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/30; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/30; Y10T442/3065; Y10T442/3472; Y10T442/3528; Y10T442/3537; Y10T442/3976; Y10T442/60; Y10T442/608; Y10T442/627; Y10T442/63; Y10T442/696; Y10T442/697
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
73 words
In a structure for absorbing and/or reflecting radiated energy or electromagnetic radiation, the improvement which comprises 1) means for absorbing incident radar waves for reducing target signature and 2) at least one layer of a non-flammable fluorinated or non-fluorinated carbonaceous material having a LOI value of at least 40 for absorbing radiant energy, said carbonaceous material consisting of at least one of foam, film, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
73 words
In a structure for absorbing and/or reflecting radiated energy or electromagnetic radiation, the improvement which comprises 1) means for absorbing incident radar waves for reducing target signature and 2) at least one layer of a non-flammable fluorinated or non-fluorinated carbonaceous material having a LOI value of at least 40 for absorbing radiant energy, said carbonaceous material consisting of at least one of foam, film, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The structure of claim 1 wherein said at least one layer comprises a woven or nonwoven web.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The structure of claim 2 wherein said web comprises non-linear carbonaceous fibers having a reversible deflection ratio of greater than 1.2:1 and an aspect ratio of greater than 10:1.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The structure of claim 1 wherein said carbonaceous fibers are electrically nonconductive.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The structure of claim 1 wherein said carbonaceous material comprises fibers having a carbon content of at least 85% and are electrically conductive.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The structure of claim 1 wherein said at least one layer comprises carbonaceous material of varying electrical resistance.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The structure of claim 1 wherein said at least one layer comprises a mixture of linear and non-linear carbonaceous fibers.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The structure of claim 7 wherein said at least one layer comprises a mixture of carbonaceous fibers and non-carbonaceous fibers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The structure of claim 7 wherein said at least one layer comprises a mixture of conductive and non-conductive fibers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The structure of claim 1 which is three dimensional and provides multi-angular radar absorption.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The structure of claim 1 wherein said at least one layer contains dipole materials or magnetic materials blended therein.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
66 words
A camouflage structure for attenuating infrared radiation, comprising at least one flexible layer of a flexible electrically non-conductive non-flammable fluorinated or non-fluorinated carbonaceous material consisting of at least one of film, foam, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers, at least one flexible layer of an electrically conductive material for absorbing electromagnetic waves and means for providing a three dimensional effect for radar radiation.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
66 words
A camouflage structure for attenuating infrared radiation, comprising at least one flexible layer of a flexible electrically non-conductive non-flammable fluorinated or non-fluorinated carbonaceous material consisting of at least one of film, foam, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers, at least one flexible layer of an electrically conductive material for absorbing electromagnetic waves and means for providing a three dimensional effect for radar radiation.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
The structure of claim 12 wherein one of said layers is comprises a woven or non-woven web of carbonaceous non-graphitic fibers.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The structure of claim 12 wherein one of said layers comprises a carbonaceous film or foam.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
The structure of claim 12 including fibers and/or metallized carbonaceous fibers.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The structure of claim 12 wherein said carbonaceous material comprises non-linear fibers.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The structure of claim 12 wherein one of said layers comprises carbonaceous fibers within a thermoplastic matrix.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
The structure of claim 12 including a layer of radar reflective material and non-carbonaceous material.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The structure of claim 12 including a surface cover for minimizing surface reflectivity.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The structure of claim 12 comprising a mixture of dipole materials within one of said layers.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The structure of claim 12 wherein one of said layer comprises fibers of different conductivities.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
63 words
A camouflage material for military targets effective in the range from visible light to radar waves comprising 1) means or absorbing incident radar waves for reducing target signature and 2) at least one layer of an effective amount of radar absorbing carbonaceous material having electrical conductivity consisting of at least one of foam, film, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
63 words
A camouflage material for military targets effective in the range from visible light to radar waves comprising 1) means or absorbing incident radar waves for reducing target signature and 2) at least one layer of an effective amount of radar absorbing carbonaceous material having electrical conductivity consisting of at least one of foam, film, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The camouflage material of claim 22 including randomly distributed fluorinated carbonaceous fibers having semiconductive properties to absorb radar waves.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
30 words
The camouflage material of claim 22 wherein said at least one layer comprises about 5 to 10% of the volume of fluorinated non-linear carbonaceous non-graphitic fibers in a thermoplastic matrix.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The camouflage material of claim 22 including an optically camouflaging paint layer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
23 words
The camouflage material of claim 22 wherein said carbonaceous material comprises carbonaceous fibers and natural or synthetic fibers blended with said carbonaceous fibers.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
The camouflage material of claim 26 wherein said carbonaceous fibers are non-linear.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
75 words
A flexible camouflage structure which provides a three dimensional effect having ignition resistant and fire resistant properties comprising at least one flexible layer of an electrically conductive non-flammable fluorinated or non-fluorinated carbonaceous material having a LOI greater than 40 for absorbing electromagnetic waves, said carbonaceous material consisting of at least one of foam, film, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers and means for providing differing angles for incident and reflected radar waves.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
75 words
A flexible camouflage structure which provides a three dimensional effect having ignition resistant and fire resistant properties comprising at least one flexible layer of an electrically conductive non-flammable fluorinated or non-fluorinated carbonaceous material having a LOI greater than 40 for absorbing electromagnetic waves, said carbonaceous material consisting of at least one of foam, film, linear and non-linear non-graphitic fibers and non-linear graphitic fibers and means for providing differing angles for incident and reflected radar waves.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-05-16 | 1997-11-15 | 1998-05-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-05-16 | 2001-11-15 | 2002-05-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-05-16 | 2005-11-15 | 2006-05-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |