US5311152A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Phase locked loop with D.C. modulation
Assignee: Emhiser Research Ltd
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Filing: 1991-05-22
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Granted: 1994-05-10
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Expires: 2011-05-22
Abstract
Abstract A D.C. modulated phase locked oscillator (60, 80, 100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) includes a phase locking oscillator (70, 90, 128, 180, 192, 222, 266, or 292) and a D.C. modulator (72, 92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294). Both a forward path (14) and a feedback path (16) are D.C. modulated. D.C. modulation of the feedback path (16) optionally includes changing the frequency in the feedback path (16) as a function of the frequency of a modulation oscillator (64), changing the frequency in the feedback path (16) by a plurality of pulses for each cycle of the modulation oscillator (64), removing pulses from the feedback path (16), adding pulses to the feedback path (16), dividing the frequency in the feedback path (16) by higher and lower dividing ratios, preventing one cycle in the feedback path (16) from developing a "high" in the feedback path (16), holding a "high" in the feedback path ( 16) between two adjacent pulses, mixing quadrature frequencies with the feedback frequency in the feedback path (16), changing one input to a variable modulus divider (48) by means of a parallel adder (272), and using logic elements (148) to remove pulses from the feedback path (16).
Inventors
- 👤 Lloyd L. Lautzenhiser
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 07:29
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03C; H03C3/00; H03C3/02; H03C3/09; H03C3/0908; H03C3/095; H03C3/0916; H03C3/0925; H03C3/0933; H03C3/0941; H03L; H03L7/00; H03L7/06; H03L7/16; H03L7/18; H03L7/183; H03L7/193; H03C2200/00; H03C2200/0037; H03C2200/0079
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
170 words
An electrical device (80, 100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) which comprises phase locking oscillator means (90, 128, 154, 180, 192, 222, 266, or 292), having a loop (12) with a forward path (14) that includes a comparator (26) and a variable frequency oscillator (22) that is operatively connected to said comparator, and with a feedback path (16) that feeds pulses of a feedback frequency from said variable frequency oscillator back to said comparator, for producing an output that is phase locked to an input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a source (64) of modulation frequencies; D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294), being operatively connected to said source of modulation frequencies and to said feedback path, for changing the frequency of said pulses in said feedback path as a function of the frequencies of said source of modulation frequencies; and means, comprising said D.C. modulator means, for D.C. modulating said output by an exact mathematical function of said modulation frequencies.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
170 words
An electrical device (80, 100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) which comprises phase locking oscillator means (90, 128, 154, 180, 192, 222, 266, or 292), having a loop (12) with a forward path (14) that includes a comparator (26) and a variable frequency oscillator (22) that is operatively connected to said comparator, and with a feedback path (16) that feeds pulses of a feedback frequency from said variable frequency oscillator back to said comparator, for producing an output that is phase locked to an input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a source (64) of modulation frequencies; D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294), being operatively connected to said source of modulation frequencies and to said feedback path, for changing the frequency of said pulses in said feedback path as a function of the frequencies of said source of modulation frequencies; and means, comprising said D.C. modulator means, for D.C. modulating said output by an exact mathematical function of said modulation frequencies.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
165 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) which comprises phase locking oscillator means (128, 154, 180, 192, 222, 266, or 292), having a loop (12) with a forward path (14) that includes a comparator (26) and a variable frequency oscillator (22) that is operatively connected to said comparator, and with a feedback path (16) that feeds pulses of a feedback frequency from said variable frequency oscillator back to said comparator, for producing an output that is phase locked to an input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a source (64) of modulation frequencies; D.C. modulator means (130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294), being operatively connected to said source of modulation frequencies and to said feedback path, for changing the frequency of said pulses in said feedback path as a function of the frequencies of said source of modulation frequencies; and said electrical device comprises means (48), being operatively connected to said feedback path, for channelizing said feedback frequency.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
165 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) which comprises phase locking oscillator means (128, 154, 180, 192, 222, 266, or 292), having a loop (12) with a forward path (14) that includes a comparator (26) and a variable frequency oscillator (22) that is operatively connected to said comparator, and with a feedback path (16) that feeds pulses of a feedback frequency from said variable frequency oscillator back to said comparator, for producing an output that is phase locked to an input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a source (64) of modulation frequencies; D.C. modulator means (130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294), being operatively connected to said source of modulation frequencies and to said feedback path, for changing the frequency of said pulses in said feedback path as a function of the frequencies of said source of modulation frequencies; and said electrical device comprises means (48), being operatively connected to said feedback path, for channelizing said feedback frequency.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 160, 190, 220, or 290) as claimed in claim 1 in which said electrical device comprises means (48), being operatively connected to said feedback path (16), for channelizing said feedback frequency.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) as claimed in claim 1 in which said D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) comprises means (34, 144, 166, and/or 234) for removing pulses from said feedback path as a function of said frequencies of said source (64) of modulation frequencies.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
51 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 190, or 264) as claimed in claim 1 in which said D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) comprises means (34) for adding pulses to said feedback path as a function of said frequencies of said source (64) of modulation frequencies.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
61 words
An electrical device (160, 190, or 290) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) comprises means (144 or 166) for preventing a change in signal level of said pulses in said feedback path as a function of said frequencies of said source (64) of modulation frequencies.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
62 words
An electrical device (160 or 190) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) comprises means, including a resistor (166), for resistively preventing a change in signal level of said pulses in said feedback path as a function of said frequencies of said source (64) of modulation frequencies.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
81 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 190, or 264) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) comprises means, including a dual modulus divider (34) with higher and lower dividing ratios that is interposed into said feedback path and that is operatively connected to said source (64) of modulation frequencies, for dividing said feedback frequency by one of said dividing ratios as a function of said modulation frequencies.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
87 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said operative connection of said D.C. modulator means (130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) to said source (64) of modulation frequencies and to said feedback path (16) comprises a first flip-flop (102 or 228) that is operatively connected to said source of modulation frequencies, and a second flip-flop (104, 164, or 274) that is operatively connected to said first flip-flop and to said feedback path.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
43 words
An electrical device (140) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (156) comprises a shift register (142); and said operative connection of said D.C. modulator means to said source (64) of modulation frequencies comprises said shift register.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
64 words
An electrical device (160 or 190) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (182 or 194) comprises a resistor (166) that is interposed into said feedback path (16) and a diode (168) that is operatively connected to said resistor; and said operative connection of said D.C. modulator means to said source (64) of modulation frequencies comprises said diode.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
80 words
An electrical device (140 or 290) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said operative connection of said D.C. modulator means (156 or 294) to said source (64) of modulation frequencies and to said feedback path (16) comprises synchronizer means (143 or 298), having first (102) and second (104 or 164) flip-flops and an AND gate (144), for synchronizing said changing of said frequency of said pulses in said feedback path with said pulses in said feedback path.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
78 words
An electrical device (100 or 140) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said operative connection of said D.C. modulator means (130 or 156) to said source (64) of modulation frequencies and to said feedback path (16) comprises synchronizer means (101 or 143), having first (102) and second (104) flip-flops and an OR gate (106), for synchronizing said changing of said frequency of said pulses in said feedback path with said pulses in said feedback path.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
59 words
An electrical device (220) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (224) comprises: a quadrature phase shift keying mixer (234) that is interposed into said feedback path (16); and a quadrature signal generator (226) that is operatively connected to said source (64) of modulation frequencies and to said quadrature phase shift keying mixer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
79 words
An electrical device (264) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (268) comprises: a dual modulus divider (34) that is interposed into said feedback path (16); a variable modulus divider (48) that is interposed into said feedback path and that includes both A and N inputs; and a parallel adder (272) that is operatively connected to said source (64) of modulation frequencies and to one of said inputs of said variable modulus divider.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
95 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 190, or 264) as claimed in claim 1 in which said D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) comprises means, including a dual modulus divider (34) with higher and lower dividing ratios that is interposed into said feedback path and that is operatively connected to said source (64) of modulation frequencies, for dividing said feedback frequency by one of said dividing ratios as a function of said modulation frequencies; and said device includes means (48) for controlling said dividing ratios separate from said modulation frequencies.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
50 words
An electrical device (100, 140, 160, 190, 220, or 264) as claimed in claim 1 in which said electrical device comprises: means (48) for channelizing said feedback frequency; and means (50) for preventing interference between said D.C. modulator means (130, 156, 182, 194, 224, or 268) and said channelizing means.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
96 words
A method for producing a phase locked output that is D.C. modulated, which method comprises providing an input frequency, using said input frequency to generate an output frequency, using said output frequency to provide a feedback frequency, comparing said feedback frequency with said input frequency, and using said comparison to phase lock said output frequency to said input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a) accessing a modulation frequency; b) using said modulation frequency to D.C. modulate said feedback frequency; and c) changing said output frequency as an exact mathematical function of said modulation frequency.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
96 words
A method for producing a phase locked output that is D.C. modulated, which method comprises providing an input frequency, using said input frequency to generate an output frequency, using said output frequency to provide a feedback frequency, comparing said feedback frequency with said input frequency, and using said comparison to phase lock said output frequency to said input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a) accessing a modulation frequency; b) using said modulation frequency to D.C. modulate said feedback frequency; and c) changing said output frequency as an exact mathematical function of said modulation frequency.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
87 words
A method for producing a phase locked output that is D.C. modulated, which method comprises providing an input frequency, using said input frequency to generate an output frequency, using said output frequency to provide a feedback frequency, comparing said feedback frequency with said input frequency, and using said comparison to phase lock said output frequency to said input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a) accessing a modulation frequency; b) using said modulation frequency to D.C. modulate said feedback frequency; and c) channelizing said feedback frequency.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
87 words
A method for producing a phase locked output that is D.C. modulated, which method comprises providing an input frequency, using said input frequency to generate an output frequency, using said output frequency to provide a feedback frequency, comparing said feedback frequency with said input frequency, and using said comparison to phase lock said output frequency to said input frequency, the improvement which is characterized by: a) accessing a modulation frequency; b) using said modulation frequency to D.C. modulate said feedback frequency; and c) channelizing said feedback frequency.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as claimed in claim 18 in which said method further comprises channelizing said feedback frequency.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method as claimed in claim 18 in which said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises: a) developing a quadrature frequency that is a function of said modulation frequency; and b) mixing said quadrature frequency with said feedback frequency.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method as claimed in claim 18 in which: said step of using said output frequency to provide said feedback frequency comprises using said output frequency to provide a pulsed signal whose pulses have a frequency proportional to said output frequency; and said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises removing pulses from said pulsed signal.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method as claimed in claim 18 in which: said step of using said output frequency to provide said feedback frequency comprises using said output frequency to provide a pulsed signal whose pulses have a frequency proportional to said output frequency; and said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises adding pulses to said pulsed signal.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
69 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which: said step of using said output frequency to provide said feedback frequency comprises using said output frequency to provide a pulsed signal whose pulses have a frequency proportional to said output frequency; and said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises preventing a change in signal level of said pulsed signal as a function of said modulation frequency.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
70 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which: said step of using said output frequency to provide said feedback frequency comprises using said output frequency to provide a pulsed signal whose pulses have a frequency proportional to said output frequency; and said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises resistively preventing a change in signal level in said pulsed signal as a function of said modulation frequency.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
38 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises dividing said feedback frequency by one of two dividing ratios as an exact mathematical function of said modulation frequency.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
52 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises dividing said feedback frequency by one of two dividing ratios as an exact mathematical function of said modulation frequency; and said method further comprises dividing said feedback frequency by a selectively variable modulus.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 18 in which said method comprises channelizing said feedback frequency; and said method further comprises preventing interference between said D.C. modulating and said channelizing steps.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
42 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises: a) using said modulation frequency to clock a first logic function; and b) using said feedback frequency to clock a second logic function.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
46 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises: a) using said modulation frequency to clock a first logic function; and b) using the output of a second logic function to reset said first logic function.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
57 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which said method further comprises: a) dividing said feedback frequency by variable moduli that are selectable by control of A and N inputs; b) controlling one of said inputs with said modulation frequency; and c) increasing the effectiveness of said modulation frequency to control said one input.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
83 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which both said feedback frequency and said modulation frequency comprise pulses, and said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises: a) providing a logic input in the absence of a pulse of said modulation frequency; b) using said logic input in AND logic to allow pulses of said feedback frequency to be used in said comparing step; and c) periodically obviating said logic input as a function of pulses of said modulation frequency.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method as claimed in claim 18 in which said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises dividing said feedback frequency by higher and lower dividing ratios; said method comprises dividing said feedback frequency by selectively variable moduli; and said method further comprises preventing interference between said dividing steps.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
99 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which both said feedback frequency and said modulation frequency comprise pulses, and said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency comprises: a) providing a logic high that is external to said feedback frequency in the absence of a pulse of said modulation frequency; b) preventing said logic high from being imposed upon said feedback frequency; c) changing said logic high to a logic low as a function of pulses of said modulation frequency; and d) allowing said logic high in said feedback frequency to be dissipated by said logic low.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
49 words
An electrical device (80, 100, 140, 160, 190, 220, 264, or 290) as claimed in claims 1 or 2 in which said D.C. modulator means (92, 130, 156, 182, 194, 224, 268, or 294) comprises means (84), being operatively connected to said forward path, for modulating said forward path.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
29 words
A method as claimed in claims 18 or 19 in which said method further comprises modulating said output frequency in addition to said D.C. modulating of said feedback frequency.
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