US5299210A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Four-level multiply doped rare earth laser system
Assignee: GROVE HYDROGEN CELLS LLC
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Filing: 1992-04-28
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Granted: 1994-03-29
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Expires: 2012-04-28
Abstract
Abstract A system for producing an optical gain, the system including a host having a light conducting path doped with thulium, holmium, and at least one rare earth selected from the group consisting of europium and terbium in respective amounts sufficient to produce an optical gain by energizing the thulium to a 3 H 4 state to produce an optical gain by a 3 H 4 - 3 F 4 transition, producing a 1.47 μm wavelength output. There is subsequent energy transfer from the 3 F 4 state of the thulium to a 5 I 7 state of the holmium, and energy transfer from the 5 I 7 state to the rare earth selected from the group consisting of europium and terbium. The system can include oscillator, amplifier, and superluminescence source configurations. A method for making and a method for using the system are included.
Inventors
- 👤 Elias Snitzer
- 👤 Robert Pafchek
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 09:00
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01S; H01S3/00; H01S3/09; H01S3/091; H01S3/094; H01S3/094003; H01S3/05; H01S3/06; H01S3/063; H01S3/067; H01S3/06754; H01S3/14; H01S3/16; H01S3/1601; H01S3/1603; H01S3/1605; H01S3/1616; H01S3/1691; H01S3/1698; H01S3/17; H01S3/173
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 43
Claim 1
Independent Claim
129 words
A system for producing an optical gain, the system comprising: a. a pump light source; b. a host operably connected to receive energy from said pump light source, said host having a light conducting path doped with thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth from the group consisting of europium and terbium in respective amounts sufficient to produce an optical gain energizing thulium to a 3 H 4 state to produce an optical gain by a 3 H 4 - 3 F 4 transition and a gain in a region of 1.47 μm, with subsequent energy transfer from the 3 H 4 state of the thulium to a 5 I 7 state of the holmium, and energy transfer from the 5 I 7 state to the rare earth.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
129 words
A system for producing an optical gain, the system comprising: a. a pump light source; b. a host operably connected to receive energy from said pump light source, said host having a light conducting path doped with thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth from the group consisting of europium and terbium in respective amounts sufficient to produce an optical gain energizing thulium to a 3 H 4 state to produce an optical gain by a 3 H 4 - 3 F 4 transition and a gain in a region of 1.47 μm, with subsequent energy transfer from the 3 H 4 state of the thulium to a 5 I 7 state of the holmium, and energy transfer from the 5 I 7 state to the rare earth.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
The system of claim 1, wherein the light conducting path includes a core having an index of refraction, the core being circumferentially surrounded by a cladding with a lower index of refraction to form an optical fiber.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
133 words
A system for producing an optical gain, the system comprising: a. a pump light source; b. a halide glass host operably connected to receive energy from said pump light source, said host having a light conducting path doped with thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth from the group consisting of europium and terbium in respective amounts sufficient to produce an optical gain from energizing the thulium to a 3 H 4 state to produce an optical gain by a 3 H 4 - 3 F 4 transition and a gain in the regions of 1.47 μm, with subsequent energy transfer from the 3 F 4 state of the thulium to a 5 I 7 state of the holmium, and energy transfer from the 5 I 7 state to the rare earth.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
133 words
A system for producing an optical gain, the system comprising: a. a pump light source; b. a halide glass host operably connected to receive energy from said pump light source, said host having a light conducting path doped with thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth from the group consisting of europium and terbium in respective amounts sufficient to produce an optical gain from energizing the thulium to a 3 H 4 state to produce an optical gain by a 3 H 4 - 3 F 4 transition and a gain in the regions of 1.47 μm, with subsequent energy transfer from the 3 F 4 state of the thulium to a 5 I 7 state of the holmium, and energy transfer from the 5 I 7 state to the rare earth.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The system of claim 3, wherein the host is a fluoride glass.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 4, wherein the core is made of a glass comprising the fluorides of zirconium, barium, lanthanum, aluminum, and sodium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
46 words
The system of claim 4, wherein the core further comprises: 40 to 60 mole percent zirconium fluoride; 15 to 25 mole percent barium fluoride; 0 to 6 mole percent lanthanum fluoride; 2 to 5 mole percent aluminum fluoride; and 0 to 25 mole percent sodium fluoride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 6, wherein the core is doped with 0.01 to 1.0 mole percent of thulium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 6, wherein the core is doped with 0.10 to 2.0 mole percent holmium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 6, wherein the core is doped with 0 to 0.30 mole percent of europium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The system of claim 6, wherein the core is doped with 0 to 0.30 mole percent of terbium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The system of claim 2, wherein the cladding is circumferentially surrounded by a second cladding glass with a lower index of refraction than that of the first cladding.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 11, wherein the first cladding is glass doped with 0 to 0.30 mole percent europium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The system of claim 11, wherein the first cladding is glass doped with 0 to 0.30 mole percent terbium.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
80 words
A method of making a doped fluoride laser comprising the steps of: forming an optical fiber having a core, a cladding a first endface and a second endface, from a fluoride glass containing zirconium, barium, lanthanum, aluminum, sodium, thulium, holmium, and at least one rare earth dopant selected from the group consisting of europium and terbium, and energizing said optical fiber the thulium to a 3 H 4 state to produce an optical gain in a region of 1.47 μm.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
80 words
A method of making a doped fluoride laser comprising the steps of: forming an optical fiber having a core, a cladding a first endface and a second endface, from a fluoride glass containing zirconium, barium, lanthanum, aluminum, sodium, thulium, holmium, and at least one rare earth dopant selected from the group consisting of europium and terbium, and energizing said optical fiber the thulium to a 3 H 4 state to produce an optical gain in a region of 1.47 μm.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 14, where the rare earth dopant is between 0 to 0.30 mole percent of europium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 14, where the rare earth dopant is between 0 to 0.30 mole percent of terbium.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
59 words
The method of claim 14, in which the fluoride glass contains 40 to 60 mole percent zirconium fluoride, 15 to 25 mole percent barium fluoride, 0 to 6 mole percent lanthanum fluoride, 2 to 5 mole percent aluminum fluoride, 0 to 5 mole percent sodium fluoride, 0.01 to 1.0 mole percent thulium, and 0.10 to 2.0 mole percent holmium.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of coupling dielectric mirrors to first and second endfaces of the fiber.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 14, wherein the system is an amplifier for telecommunications applications.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 14, wherein the system is an oscillator further comprising the steps of: coupling a first dichroic reflector to the first endface of the optical fiber; and coupling a second dichroic reflector to the second endface of the optical fiber.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 14, wherein the system is a superluminescence source further comprising the step of coupling a first dichroic reflector to the first endface of the optical fiber.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
65 words
A system for producing an optical gain comprising a pump light source and further comprising a core comprised of multiple individual optical fibers of the fluorides of zirconium, barium, lanthanum, aluminum and sodium and a first cladding surrounding the core, at least one of said fibers being doped with thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth from the group consisting of europium and terbium.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
65 words
A system for producing an optical gain comprising a pump light source and further comprising a core comprised of multiple individual optical fibers of the fluorides of zirconium, barium, lanthanum, aluminum and sodium and a first cladding surrounding the core, at least one of said fibers being doped with thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth from the group consisting of europium and terbium.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
47 words
The system of claim 22, wherein multiple glass fibers further comprises: 40 to 60 mole percent zirconium fluoride; 15 to 25 mole percent barium fluoride; 0 to 6 mole percent lanthanum fluoride; 2 to 5 mole percent aluminum fluoride; and 0 to 25 mole percent sodium fluoride.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 22, wherein the core further comprises at least one fiber doped with 0.10 to 1.0 mole percent of thulium.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
22 words
The system of claim 22, wherein the core further comprises at least one fiber doped with 0.10 to 2.0 mole percent holmium.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 22, wherein the core further comprises at least one fiber doped with 0.10 to 0.30 mole percent of europium.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
23 words
The system of claim 22, wherein the core further comprises at least one fiber doped with 0.10 to 0.30 mole percent of terbium.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
81 words
An amplifier for amplifying the light from a light pump comprising: an optical fiber fluoride glass core having an index of refraction and comprising zirconium, barium, aluminum, lanthanum and sodium; a cladding layer having an index of refraction less than the index of refraction of the fluoride glass core; and the fluoride glass core further comprising the dopants thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth dopant to produce a gain in the 3 H 4 state to produce light amplification.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
81 words
An amplifier for amplifying the light from a light pump comprising: an optical fiber fluoride glass core having an index of refraction and comprising zirconium, barium, aluminum, lanthanum and sodium; a cladding layer having an index of refraction less than the index of refraction of the fluoride glass core; and the fluoride glass core further comprising the dopants thulium, holmium and at least one rare earth dopant to produce a gain in the 3 H 4 state to produce light amplification.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
12 words
The amplifier of claim 28, wherein the rare earth dopant is europium.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
The amplifier of claim 28, wherein the rare earth dopant is terbium.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
96 words
A method for using a optical fiber having a glass core, a first cladding circumferentially surrounding the core, a first endface and a second endface, the glass core being doped with thulium, holmium, and at least one rare earth dopant selected from the group consisting of europium and terbium for amplifying the light of a light pump comprising the steps of: coupling the first endface of the optical fiber to a light pump; pumping light into the first endface of the optical fiber; and producing an output signal from the second endface of the optical fiber.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
96 words
A method for using a optical fiber having a glass core, a first cladding circumferentially surrounding the core, a first endface and a second endface, the glass core being doped with thulium, holmium, and at least one rare earth dopant selected from the group consisting of europium and terbium for amplifying the light of a light pump comprising the steps of: coupling the first endface of the optical fiber to a light pump; pumping light into the first endface of the optical fiber; and producing an output signal from the second endface of the optical fiber.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 31, further comprising the step of coupling a signal light to the first endface of the optical fiber.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 31, further comprising the step of coupling a signal light to the second endface of the optical fiber.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
136 words
A system for producing an optical gain, the system comprising: a. a pump light source; b. a host operably connected to receive energy from said pump light source, said host having a light conducting path doped with thulium, holmium and dopant means for depopulating the 5 I 7 state of the holmium in respective amounts sufficient to produce an optical gain from energizing the thulium to a 3 H 4 state producing optical gain by a 3 H 4 - 3 F 4 transition and a gain in a region of 1.47 μm, with subsequent energy transfer from 3 H 4 state of thulium to a 5 I 7 state of the holmium, and energy transfer from the 5 I 7 state to the dopant means for depopulating the 5 I 7 state of the holmium.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
136 words
A system for producing an optical gain, the system comprising: a. a pump light source; b. a host operably connected to receive energy from said pump light source, said host having a light conducting path doped with thulium, holmium and dopant means for depopulating the 5 I 7 state of the holmium in respective amounts sufficient to produce an optical gain from energizing the thulium to a 3 H 4 state producing optical gain by a 3 H 4 - 3 F 4 transition and a gain in a region of 1.47 μm, with subsequent energy transfer from 3 H 4 state of thulium to a 5 I 7 state of the holmium, and energy transfer from the 5 I 7 state to the dopant means for depopulating the 5 I 7 state of the holmium.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
11 words
A system of claim 34, wherein the dopant means is europium.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
11 words
A system of claim 35, wherein the dopant means is terbium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-03-28 | 1997-09-27 | 1998-03-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-03-28 | 2001-09-27 | 2002-03-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-03-28 | 2005-09-27 | 2006-03-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |