US5298565A — Graft copolymers and lubricants containing such a…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 136 words

A graft polymer, prepared by grafting onto an oil soluble or dispersible substantially saturated hydrocarbon polymer backbone, a free radical-polymerizable vinyl nitrogen monomer in the presence of from about 15% to about 45% by weight based on the total weight of the reaction mixture, of a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic solvent, capable of free-radical hydrogen atom chain transfer, selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, mesitylene, tetralin, alkyl benzene bottoms, alkyl tetralins, alkyl naphthalenes and alkyl toluenes containing a total of from 1 to about 4 alkyl groups, wherein each alkyl group contains from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms in all alkyl groups does not exceed about 10, and phenyl substituted alkanes, wherein the alkane contains from 4 to about 9 carbons.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 136 words

A graft polymer, prepared by grafting onto an oil soluble or dispersible substantially saturated hydrocarbon polymer backbone, a free radical-polymerizable vinyl nitrogen monomer in the presence of from about 15% to about 45% by weight based on the total weight of the reaction mixture, of a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic solvent, capable of free-radical hydrogen atom chain transfer, selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, mesitylene, tetralin, alkyl benzene bottoms, alkyl tetralins, alkyl naphthalenes and alkyl toluenes containing a total of from 1 to about 4 alkyl groups, wherein each alkyl group contains from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms in all alkyl groups does not exceed about 10, and phenyl substituted alkanes, wherein the alkane contains from 4 to about 9 carbons.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 68 words

The graft polymer according to claim 1 wherein the backbone is an oil soluble or dispersible polymer or copolymer selected from the group consisting of a) hydrogenated homopolymers of conjugated dienes, b) hydrogenated copolymers of a conjugated diene with one or more olefins or other conjugated dienes, c) copolymers of alpha-olefins having from 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, and d) hydrogenated lower olefin non-conjugated diene modified terpolymers.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 25 words

The graft polymer of claim 1 wherein the backbone is derived from monomers comprising conjugated dienes selected from the group consisting of 1,3,-butadiene and isoprene.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 35 words

The graft polymer of claim 1 wherein the backbone comprises b) a hydrogenated copolymer of a conjugated diene with an olefin, wherein the olefin is selected from the group consisting of styrene and methyl styrene.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 45 words

The graft polymer of claim 1 wherein the backbone comprises c) a hydrogenated copolymer of alpha-olefins having from 2 to about 18 carbon atoms which is selected from the group consisting of Ziegler-Natta catalyzed copolymers of mixed aliphatic alpha-olefins and aliphatic alpha-olefin mixtures with styrene.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 51 words

The graft polymer according to claim 1 wherein the free radical-polymerizable, vinyl nitrogen monomer is selected from the group consisting of vinyl pyridines, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinylimidazole, N,N-dimethyl-aminoethylmethacrylate and the corresponding acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide and the corresponding acrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, N-alkyl maleamic acids and esters thereof, 2-vinyl-1,3-thiazolines, 2-vinyl-1,3-oxazolines, and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 15 words

The graft polymer according to claim 1 wherein the aromatic solvent is toluene or xylene.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 159 words

A process for the preparation of a graft polymer, which process comprises reacting, at a temperature between about 80° C. and 200° C., a free radical-polymerizable vinyl nitrogen monomer with an oil soluble or dispersible hydrocarbon polymer backbone in the presence of a catalytic 6 amount of a free radical-generating reagent and from about 15% to about 45% by weight based upon the total weight of the reaction mixture, of a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic solvent, capable of free-radical hydrogen atom chain-transfer, selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene,mesitylene, tetralin, alkyl benzene bottoms, alkyl tetralins, alkyl naphthalenes and alkyl toluenes containing a total of from 1 to about 4 alkyl groups, wherein each alkyl group contains from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms in all alkyl groups does not exceed about 10, and phenyl substituted alkanes, wherein the alkane contains from 4 to about 9 carbons.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 159 words

A process for the preparation of a graft polymer, which process comprises reacting, at a temperature between about 80° C. and 200° C., a free radical-polymerizable vinyl nitrogen monomer with an oil soluble or dispersible hydrocarbon polymer backbone in the presence of a catalytic 6 amount of a free radical-generating reagent and from about 15% to about 45% by weight based upon the total weight of the reaction mixture, of a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic solvent, capable of free-radical hydrogen atom chain-transfer, selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene,mesitylene, tetralin, alkyl benzene bottoms, alkyl tetralins, alkyl naphthalenes and alkyl toluenes containing a total of from 1 to about 4 alkyl groups, wherein each alkyl group contains from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms in all alkyl groups does not exceed about 10, and phenyl substituted alkanes, wherein the alkane contains from 4 to about 9 carbons.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 68 words

The process according to claim 8 wherein the hydrocarbon polymer backbone is an oil soluble or dispersible polymer or copolymer selected from the group consisting of a) hydrogenated homopolymers of conjugated dienes, b) hydrogenated copolymers of a conjugated diene with one or more olefins or other conjugated dienes, c) copolymers of alpha-olefins having from 2 to about 18 carbon at atoms, and d) hydrogenated lower olefin-diene modified terpolymers.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 26 words

The process according to claim 9 wherein the hydrocarbon polymer is derived from monomers comprising conjugated dienes selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 36 words

The process according to claim 9 wherein the hydrocarbon copolymer comprises b) a hydrogenated copolymer of a conjugated diene with an olefin, wherein the olefin is selected from the group consisting of styrene and methyl styrene.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 43 words

The process of claim 9 wherein c) the hydrocarbon copolymer comprises a copolymer of alpha-olefins having from 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, which is selected from the group consisting of Ziegler-Natta copolymers of mixed aliphatic alpha-olefins, and aliphatic alpha-olefin mixtures with styrene.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 44 words

The process according to claim 8 wherein the free radical-polymerizable, vinyl nitrogen monomer is selected from the group consisting of vinyl pyridines, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcarbazole, N-vinyl imidazole, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and the corresponding acrylate, and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide and the corresponding acrylamide, and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 14 words

The process according to claim 9 wherein the aromatic solvent is toluene or xylene.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 25 words

The process according to claim 8 wherein the hydrocarbon polymer is a styrene-diene copolymer and the free radical-generating reagent is an azo-group containing polymerization initiator.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 126 words

A lubricating oil additive prepared by a process comprising reacting at a temperature between about 80° C. and 200° C., a free radical-polymerizable vinyl nitrogen monomer with a substantially saturated hydrocarbon polymer in the presence of a catalytic amount of a free radical-generating reagent and from about 15% to about 45% by weight, based upon the total weight of the reaction mixture, of a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic solvent capable of free radical hydrogen atom chain-transfer, selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, tetralin, alkyl benzene bottoms, alkyl tetralins, alkyl naphthalenes and alkyl toluenes, wherein the alkyl group contains from about 3 to about 9 carbon atoms, and phenyl substituted alkanes, wherein the alkane contains from about 4 to about 9 carbons.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 126 words

A lubricating oil additive prepared by a process comprising reacting at a temperature between about 80° C. and 200° C., a free radical-polymerizable vinyl nitrogen monomer with a substantially saturated hydrocarbon polymer in the presence of a catalytic amount of a free radical-generating reagent and from about 15% to about 45% by weight, based upon the total weight of the reaction mixture, of a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic solvent capable of free radical hydrogen atom chain-transfer, selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, tetralin, alkyl benzene bottoms, alkyl tetralins, alkyl naphthalenes and alkyl toluenes, wherein the alkyl group contains from about 3 to about 9 carbon atoms, and phenyl substituted alkanes, wherein the alkane contains from about 4 to about 9 carbons.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 70 words

The lubricating oil additive of claim 16 wherein the hydrocarbon polymer is an oil soluble or dispersible polymer or a copolymer selected from the group consisting of a) hydrogenated homopolymers of conjugated dienes, b) hydrogenated copolymers of a conjugated diene with one or more olefins or other conjugated dienes, c) copolymers of alpha-olefins having from 2 to about 18 carbon atoms, and d) hydrogenated lower olefin non-conjugated diene modified terpolymers.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 31 words

A concentrate for formulating lubricating compositions comprising a normally liquid, substantially inert organic solvent/diluent and from about 0.1 to about 80% by weight of the graft polymer described in claim 1.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 32 words

A concentrate for formulating lubricating compositions comprising a normally liquid, substantially inert organic solvent/diluent and from about 0.1 to about 80% by weight of the lubricating oil additive described in claim 16.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 25 words

A lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of the lubricating oil additive of claim 16.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 25 words

A lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of the graft polymer according to claim 1.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 25 words

A lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of the graft polymer according to claim 3.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1997-03-28	1997-09-27	1998-03-29	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2001-03-28	2001-09-27	2002-03-29	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2005-03-28	2005-09-27	2006-03-29	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Graft copolymers and lubricants containing such as dispersant-viscosity improvers

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