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US5287102A
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Method and system for enabling a blind computer user to locate icons in a graphical user interface
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1991-12-20
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Granted: 1994-02-15
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Expires: 2011-12-20
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is a computer audio interface adapted to enable blind or visually impaired users to locate icons positioned in rows in the background of a graphical user interface. Whenever the pointer of the interface is positioned on the background, the system produces a distinctive tone. Whenever the pointer is positioned in an icon row that is occupied by one or more icons, the system produces a distinctive chord. Whenever the pointer is positioned in the background and not in an occupied row, the system produces stereo effects that give the user information as to the relative left/right position of the pointer. Whenever the pointer is positioned in an occupied row, the amplitude of the left and right stereo channels is controlled such that whenever the pointer is to the left of the leftmost icon, substantially all of the volume is produced by the left speaker and whenever the pointer is to the right of the rightmost icon, substantially all of the the volume is produced by the right speaker. Whenever the pointer is located between the leftmost and rightmost icons, the volume is balanced substantially equally between the two speakers.
Inventors
- 👤 Frank A. McKiel, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 23:13
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F3/00; G06F3/01; G06F3/011; G06F3/048; G06F3/0481; G06F3/04812; G06F3/16; G06F3/167; G09; G09B; G09B21/00; G09B21/001; G09B21/006; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S715/00; Y10S715/978
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of providing the user of a computer system, including a display screen, a pointing device for manually positioning a pointer on said screen, a left speaker, and a right speaker, with audio information regarding the position of said pointer on said screen, wherein said screen has displayed thereon a background and at least one row of spaced apart icons, said method comprising the steps of: generating a first sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said background; and generating a second sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said row.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of providing the user of a computer system, including a display screen, a pointing device for manually positioning a pointer on said screen, a left speaker, and a right speaker, with audio information regarding the position of said pointer on said screen, wherein said screen has displayed thereon a background and at least one row of spaced apart icons, said method comprising the steps of: generating a first sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said background; and generating a second sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said row.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first sound is a first tone.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said second sound is a chord.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said chord includes said first tone and a second tone.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relative volume of said first sound generated by said speakers is related to the relative horizontal position of said pointer on said screen.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
49 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said row of icons is oriented horizontally on said screen and said second sound is generated substantially only from said right speaker whenever said pointer is located on said row and to the right of the rightmost icon in said row.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein said second sound is generated substantially only from said left speaker whenever said pointer is located on said row and to the left of the leftmost icon in said row.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said second sound is generated from each of said speakers at substantially equal volume whenever said pointer is located on said row and between the leftmost and rightmost icons.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, including the step of generating a distinctive sound whenever said pointer is located on an icon.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein more than one row of icons is displayed on said screen and including the step of generating a different sound for each of said rows.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
107 words
Apparatus for providing the user of a computer system, including a display screen and a pointing device for manually positioning a pointer on said screen, with audio information regarding the position of said pointer on said screen, wherein said screen has displayed thereon a background and at least one row of spaced apart icons, said apparatus comprising: a left speaker and a right speaker; means for generating a first sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said background; and means for generating a second sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said row.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
107 words
Apparatus for providing the user of a computer system, including a display screen and a pointing device for manually positioning a pointer on said screen, with audio information regarding the position of said pointer on said screen, wherein said screen has displayed thereon a background and at least one row of spaced apart icons, said apparatus comprising: a left speaker and a right speaker; means for generating a first sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said background; and means for generating a second sound from at least one of said speakers whenever said pointer is located on said row.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said means for generating said first sound includes means for generating a first tone.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein said means for generating said second sound includes means for generating a chord.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein said chord includes said first tone and a second tone.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, including means for controlling the relative volume of said first sound generated by said speakers relative to the horizontal position of said pointer on said screen.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
49 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said row of icons is oriented horizontally on said screen and said second sound is generated substantially only from said right speaker whenever said pointer is located on said row and to the right of the rightmost icon in said row.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
38 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein said second sound is generated substantially only from said left speaker whenever said pointer is located on said row and to the left of the leftmost icon in said row.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
37 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 17, wherein said second sound is generated from each of said speakers at substantially equal volume whenever said pointer is located on said row and between the leftmost and rightmost icons.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, including, means for generating a distinctive sound whenever said point is located on an icon.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1997-02-14 | 1997-08-16 | 1998-02-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2001-02-14 | 2001-08-16 | 2002-02-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2005-02-14 | 2005-08-16 | 2006-02-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |