US5265082A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Rewritable media protectable as written-once-only media and system and method for use therewith
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
•
Filing: 1991-10-03
•
Granted: 1993-11-23
•
Expires: 2011-10-03
Abstract
Abstract A system uses prevent and detect mechanisms to enable rewritable data storage media to be operated as a written-once-only media. A physical indication of the media casing serves as an indicator of the write-once-only status of the media. A watermark is magnetically recorded on the media at the factory with a portion of the mark detectable by the system and a portion only detectable by returning to an inspection station for verification. This protects against a complete erasure of all data from the media. A segment write status indication serves to indicate the write-once-only status of each segment of the written data. A portion of the written region, such as the preamble or control field of each segment, contains a status mark written randomly within the area as a status indication that the data was written once or multiple times within that segment. Three status mark areas in each segment write status region provides the minimum space overhead for achieving the desired degree of protection against overwrite or a pattern repetition.
Inventors
- 👤 John J. Gniewek
- 👤 David C. Graves
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 06:57
CPC Classifications
G; G11; G11B; G11B23/00; G11B23/28; G11B23/281; G11B19/00; G11B19/02; G11B19/12; G11B20/00; G11B20/10; G11B20/12; G11B20/1201; G11B20/1202; G11B20/1205; G11B27/00; G11B27/10; G11B27/19; G11B27/28; G11B27/30; G11B27/3027; G11B27/36; G11B20/10527; G11B2020/10537; G11B2020/10592; G11B2220/00; G11B2220/20; G11B2220/21; G11B2220/215; G11B2220/218; G11B2220/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
272 words
A data processing system for providing a write-once-only indication to a rewritable media, said system comprising: a casing for the rewritable media; casing indicating means on the casing for indicating the write-once-only selection of the media; a control unit including channel adaptors for the transmission of data to and from a central processing unit under command of the central processing unit, a command unit to process command controls, and a format control; a device including a drive for transporting the media past a transducer, a motion control under control of said command unit for controlling said drive, a data control under control of said command unit to write data onto the media in data storage segments according to said format control and to retrieve data from the media as the drive transports the media; a sensing means in said device for generating a write-once-only indication signal in response to the sensing of the casing indication means; a watermark imprinted on the media, said watermark having a device-readable portion and a nondevice-readable portion; and means in said command unit responsive to said indication signal for controlling said format control, said data control retrieving the watermark device-readable data information from the media and sending the watermark information to said command unit, said format control responsive thereto to cause said data control to write a segment write status indicator status mark on the media when data is written in that data segment of the media; said status mark being placed on the media in a nondata containing section of each data storage segment and representative of the writing of data in that data storage segment.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
272 words
A data processing system for providing a write-once-only indication to a rewritable media, said system comprising: a casing for the rewritable media; casing indicating means on the casing for indicating the write-once-only selection of the media; a control unit including channel adaptors for the transmission of data to and from a central processing unit under command of the central processing unit, a command unit to process command controls, and a format control; a device including a drive for transporting the media past a transducer, a motion control under control of said command unit for controlling said drive, a data control under control of said command unit to write data onto the media in data storage segments according to said format control and to retrieve data from the media as the drive transports the media; a sensing means in said device for generating a write-once-only indication signal in response to the sensing of the casing indication means; a watermark imprinted on the media, said watermark having a device-readable portion and a nondevice-readable portion; and means in said command unit responsive to said indication signal for controlling said format control, said data control retrieving the watermark device-readable data information from the media and sending the watermark information to said command unit, said format control responsive thereto to cause said data control to write a segment write status indicator status mark on the media when data is written in that data segment of the media; said status mark being placed on the media in a nondata containing section of each data storage segment and representative of the writing of data in that data storage segment.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
79 words
A data processing system as defined in claim 1 wherein the presence of an indication means on the casing, the presence of the device-readable and nondevice-readable portions of the watermark on the media, and the presence of only one status mark in each data storage segments containing written data and no status marks in the data storage segments containing no written data is an indication that the media has had data written-once-only in each data storage segment containing data.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
A data processing system as defined in claim 1 wherein the lack of a status mark recorded in a data storage segment is an indication of a data storage segment containing no written data.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
A data processing system as defined in claim 1 wherein the presence of a single status mark recorded in a data storage segment is an indication of a data storage segment having once-written data.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
A data processing system as defined in claim 1 wherein the presence of multiple status marks recorded in a data storage segment is an indication of a data storage segment having data written multiple times.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
A data processing system as defined in claim 1 further including means for sensing the nonmachine readable portion of the provided watermark as one proof of the data storage media not having been bulk erased.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
A data processing system as defined in claim 1 wherein the number of places in the non data containing section for writing a status mark is three.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
161 words
A method for controlling a data processing system to provide a write-once-only indication for a rewritable data storage media stored in a casing, the media capable of having data written on and read from by a media drive device, comprising the steps of: providing an indication of the write-once-only selection on the casing of the data storage media; providing a watermark on the data storage media having the indication provided on its casing, said watermark having a device-readable portion and a nondevice-readable portion; sensing the provided indication on the casing of the data storage media; sensing the provided device-readable portion of the provided watermark on the data storage media; and recording a status mark at a random location within a status region of each data block of the data storage media each time data is written within each data block if the indication is sensed on the casing and a watermark is sensed on the data storage media in the casing.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
161 words
A method for controlling a data processing system to provide a write-once-only indication for a rewritable data storage media stored in a casing, the media capable of having data written on and read from by a media drive device, comprising the steps of: providing an indication of the write-once-only selection on the casing of the data storage media; providing a watermark on the data storage media having the indication provided on its casing, said watermark having a device-readable portion and a nondevice-readable portion; sensing the provided indication on the casing of the data storage media; sensing the provided device-readable portion of the provided watermark on the data storage media; and recording a status mark at a random location within a status region of each data block of the data storage media each time data is written within each data block if the indication is sensed on the casing and a watermark is sensed on the data storage media in the casing.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as defined in claim 8 wherein the lack of a status mark recorded in a data block is an indication of a data block without written data.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method as defined in claim 8 wherein the presence of a single status mark recorded in a data block is an indication of a data block having once-written data.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as defined in claim 8 wherein the presence of multiple status marks recorded in a data block is an indication of a data block having data written multiple times.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as defined in claim 8 further including the step of sensing the nondevice-readable portion of the provided watermark as one proof of the data storage media not having been bulk erased.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
261 words
A data processing system for providing a write once only indication for storage onto a media capable of being rewritten and having a casing including an indication of a write-once-only selection, said media including a system detectable and a nonsystem detectable watermark, said system comprising: a control unit including channel adaptors for the transmission of data to and from a central processing unit under command of the central processing unit, a command unit to process command controls, and a format control; and a device including a drive for transporting the media past a transducer, a motion control under control of said command unit for controlling said drive, a data control under control of said command unit to write data onto the media according to said format control and to retrieve data from the media as the drive transports the media, and a means for generating a write-once-only indication signal in response to sensing of the indication of the write-once-only selection included on the casing; and means in said command unit responsive to said indication signal for controlling said format control, said data control retrieving the watermark system readable data information from the media and sending the watermark information to said command unit, said format control responsive thereto to cause data data control to write a segment write status indicator status mark in each data storage segment wherein data is to be written; said status mark being placed on the media in a nondata containing section of the data storage segment and representative of the writing of data in that data segment.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
261 words
A data processing system for providing a write once only indication for storage onto a media capable of being rewritten and having a casing including an indication of a write-once-only selection, said media including a system detectable and a nonsystem detectable watermark, said system comprising: a control unit including channel adaptors for the transmission of data to and from a central processing unit under command of the central processing unit, a command unit to process command controls, and a format control; and a device including a drive for transporting the media past a transducer, a motion control under control of said command unit for controlling said drive, a data control under control of said command unit to write data onto the media according to said format control and to retrieve data from the media as the drive transports the media, and a means for generating a write-once-only indication signal in response to sensing of the indication of the write-once-only selection included on the casing; and means in said command unit responsive to said indication signal for controlling said format control, said data control retrieving the watermark system readable data information from the media and sending the watermark information to said command unit, said format control responsive thereto to cause data data control to write a segment write status indicator status mark in each data storage segment wherein data is to be written; said status mark being placed on the media in a nondata containing section of the data storage segment and representative of the writing of data in that data segment.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
180 words
A system for providing a write-once-only indication to a rewritable media, said system comprising: a casing means for enclosing the rewritable media; casing indicating means on the casing means for indicating the write-once-only selection of the media; a sensing means for generating a write-once-only indication signal in response to the sensing of the casing indicating means; a watermark means imprinted on the media, said watermark having a device-readable portion and a nondevice-readable portion; a format control means for controlling the writing of data on the media in data storage segments; control means responsive to said write-once-only indication signal from said sensing means for controlling said format control, said control means retrieving the watermark device-readable data information from the media and sending the watermark information to said format control means, said format control means responsive thereto to cause a segment write status indicator status mark to be written on the media; said status mark being placed on the media in a nondata containing section of each data storage segment and representative of the writing of data in that data storage segment.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
180 words
A system for providing a write-once-only indication to a rewritable media, said system comprising: a casing means for enclosing the rewritable media; casing indicating means on the casing means for indicating the write-once-only selection of the media; a sensing means for generating a write-once-only indication signal in response to the sensing of the casing indicating means; a watermark means imprinted on the media, said watermark having a device-readable portion and a nondevice-readable portion; a format control means for controlling the writing of data on the media in data storage segments; control means responsive to said write-once-only indication signal from said sensing means for controlling said format control, said control means retrieving the watermark device-readable data information from the media and sending the watermark information to said format control means, said format control means responsive thereto to cause a segment write status indicator status mark to be written on the media; said status mark being placed on the media in a nondata containing section of each data storage segment and representative of the writing of data in that data storage segment.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
77 words
A system as defined in claim 14 wherein the presence of an indication means on the casing, the presence of the device-readable and nondevice-readable portions of the watermark on the media, and the presence of only one status mark in the data storage segments containing written data and no status marks in the data storage segments containing no written data, is an indication that the media has had data written-once-only in each data storage segment containing data.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
A system as defined in claim 14 wherein the lack of a status mark recorded in a data storage segment is an indication of a data storage segment without written data.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
32 words
A system as defined in claim 14 wherein the presence of a single status mark recorded in a data storage segment is an indication of a data storage segment having once-written data.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
A system as defined in claim 14 wherein the presence of multiple status marks recorded in a data storage segment is an indication of a data storage segment having data written multiple times.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
A system as defined in claim 14 wherein the number of places in the nondata containing section for writing a status mark is three.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
33 words
A system as defined in claim 14 further including means for sensing the nonmachine readable portion of the provided watermark as one proof of the data storage media not having been bulk erased.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4038596A
Cited
US4104513A
Cited
US4125881A
Cited
US4297729A
Cited
US4339936A
Cited
US4435762A
Cited
US4413328A
Cited
US4452406A
Cited
US4578722A
Cited
US4734796A
Cited
US4831611A
Cited
US4743490A
Cited
US4833663A
Cited
DE3809398A1
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-11-22 | 1997-05-24 | 1997-11-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-11-22 | 2001-05-24 | 2001-11-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-11-22 | 2005-05-24 | 2005-11-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |