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Patent US5264794A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5264794A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of measuring magnetic fields on magnetically recorded media using a scanning tunneling microscope and magnetic probe
Assignee: National Security Agency
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Filing: 1992-09-21
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Granted: 1993-11-23
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Expires: 2012-09-21
Abstract
Abstract The present invention discloses a method of measuring magnetic fields on magnetically recorded media. The method entails replacing the metal tip typically used with a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film nickel of iron magnetic probe. The present invention describes a mathematical equation that relates probe position to magnetic field strength. In order to establish a tunneling current between the magnetic probe and the magnetically recorded media, any protective layer on the magnetically recorded media is removed. The magnetic probe and the magnetically recorded media may be coated with at least three-hundred angstroms of gold in order to reduce spurious probe deflections due to oxide growths on either the magnetic probe or the magnetically recorded media. The scanning tunneling microscope is designed to maintain a constant tunneling current between the probe and the item being scanned. The present invention uses the scanning tunneling microscope to scan the recording tracks of magnetically recorded media. Any change in the magnetic field of the magnetically recorded media will cause a change in the tunneling current. The microscope will change the position of the probe in order to maintain a constant tunneling current. These changes in position are recorded as an image. A mathematical equation that relates probe position to magnetic field strength is then used to extract the magnetic fields of the magnetically recorded media from the recorded image of probe positions.
Inventors
- 👤 Edward R. Burke
- 👤 Isaak D. Mayergoyz
- 👤 Amr A. Adly
- 👤 Romel D. Gomez
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 22:47
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01Q; G01Q60/00; G01Q60/50; G01Q60/54; G01Q60/56; B; B82; B82Y; B82Y35/00; G01Q60/02; G01Q60/10; G01Q60/16; G01R; G01R33/00; G01R33/02; G01R33/038; G01R33/0385; G01R33/12; G01R33/1207; G11; G11B; G11B5/00; B82Y25/00; G11B2209/00; G11B2209/02; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S977/00; Y10S977/84; Y10S977/849; Y10S977/86; Y10S977/861; Y10S977/865; Y10S977/872; Y10S977/901
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
200 words
A method of measuring magnetic fields on magnetically recorded media comprising the steps of: (a) replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe in order to relate probe position to magnetic field strength; (b) removing any protective layer from said magnetically recorded media so that said protective layer does not impede the establishment of a tunneling current between said magnetic probe and said magnetically recorded media; (c) aligning said magnetic probe with a recorded track of said magnetically recorded media at an angle of zero degrees; (d) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees in order to establish said tunneling current; (e) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe; (f) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (e) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; and (g) computing the magnetic fields associated with said recordings of step (f) by using a mathematical equation that relates the position of said magnetic probe to the strength of the magnetic field.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
200 words
A method of measuring magnetic fields on magnetically recorded media comprising the steps of: (a) replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe in order to relate probe position to magnetic field strength; (b) removing any protective layer from said magnetically recorded media so that said protective layer does not impede the establishment of a tunneling current between said magnetic probe and said magnetically recorded media; (c) aligning said magnetic probe with a recorded track of said magnetically recorded media at an angle of zero degrees; (d) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees in order to establish said tunneling current; (e) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe; (f) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (e) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; and (g) computing the magnetic fields associated with said recordings of step (f) by using a mathematical equation that relates the position of said magnetic probe to the strength of the magnetic field.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of plating said magnetic probe and said magnetically recorded media with at least three-hundred angstroms of gold in order to reduce spurious probe deflection due to surface oxides on either said magnetic probe or said magnetically recorded media.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said step of replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe is accomplished by replacing the fine metallic tip of said scanning tunneling microscope with a thin-film nickel probe.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said step of replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe is accomplished by replacing the fine metallic tip of said scanning tunneling microscope with a thin-film iron probe.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
428 words
A method of measuring magnetic fields on magnetically recorded media comprising the steps of: (a) replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe in order to relate probe position to magnetic field strength; (b) removing any protective layer from said magnetically recorded media so that said protective layer does not impede the establishment of a tunneling current between said magnetic probe and said magnetically recorded media; (c) aligning said magnetic probe with a recorded track of said magnetically recorded media at an angle of zero degrees; (d) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees in order to establish said tunneling current; (e) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe a first time; (f) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (e) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; (g) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees but at an angle that is different then the angle used in step (d) in order to establish said tunneling current; (h) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe a second time; (i) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (h) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; (j) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees but at an angle that is different than the angles used in step (d) and step (g) in order to establish said tunneling current; (k) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe a third time; (l) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (k) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; (m) combining the resulting three recordings of step (f), step (i), and step (l) linearly in order to obtain a single record of the position changes of said magnetic probe due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; and (n) computing the magnetic fields associated with said combination of step (m) by using a mathematical equation that relates the position of said magnetic probe to the strength of the magnetic field.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
428 words
A method of measuring magnetic fields on magnetically recorded media comprising the steps of: (a) replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe in order to relate probe position to magnetic field strength; (b) removing any protective layer from said magnetically recorded media so that said protective layer does not impede the establishment of a tunneling current between said magnetic probe and said magnetically recorded media; (c) aligning said magnetic probe with a recorded track of said magnetically recorded media at an angle of zero degrees; (d) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees in order to establish said tunneling current; (e) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe a first time; (f) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (e) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; (g) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees but at an angle that is different then the angle used in step (d) in order to establish said tunneling current; (h) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe a second time; (i) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (h) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; (j) positioning the tip of said magnetic probe to said magnetically recorded media at an angle in the range of zero degrees to pi/2 degrees but at an angle that is different than the angles used in step (d) and step (g) in order to establish said tunneling current; (k) scanning said recorded track of said magnetically recorded media with said magnetic probe a third time; (l) recording changes in position of said magnetic probe during said scanning of step (k) due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; (m) combining the resulting three recordings of step (f), step (i), and step (l) linearly in order to obtain a single record of the position changes of said magnetic probe due to changes in the magnetic field of said magnetically recorded media; and (n) computing the magnetic fields associated with said combination of step (m) by using a mathematical equation that relates the position of said magnetic probe to the strength of the magnetic field.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 5 further comprising the step of plating said magnetic probe and said magnetically recorded media with at least three-hundred angstroms of gold in order to reduce spurious probe deflection due to surface oxides on either said magnetic probe or said magnetically recorded media.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said step of replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe is accomplished by replacing the fine metallic tip of said scanning tunneling microscope with a thin-film nickel probe.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said step of replacing the fine metallic tip of a scanning tunneling microscope with a flexible thin-film magnetic probe is accomplished by replacing the fine metallic tip of said scanning tunneling microscope with a thin-film iron probe.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-11-22 | 1997-05-24 | 1997-11-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-11-22 | 2001-05-24 | 2001-11-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-11-22 | 2005-05-24 | 2005-11-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |