US5244541A — Pulp treatment methods

Claim 1

Independent Claim 93 words

A method of processing pulp comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency; and mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps, the refined and treated pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 2

Independent Claim 93 words

A method of processing pulp comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency; and mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps, the refined and treated pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 40 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 1 wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 23 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 1 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 55 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 1 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 29 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 1 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises moving the pulp along an annular path of decreasing volume.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 5 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises passing the pulp through a plug-screw feeder.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 6 further comprising restricting the flow of pulp exiting from the plug screw feeder.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 18 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 1 wherein wringing, dewatering and compacting of the pulp occur simultaneously.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 40 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 5 wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 23 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 5 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 55 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 5 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 23 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 6 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 55 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 7 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 15

Independent Claim 91 words

A method of processing pulp comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps: and mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp, the treated and refined pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 16

Independent Claim 91 words

A method of processing pulp comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps: and mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp, the treated and refined pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 40 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 14 wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 23 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 14 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 56 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 14 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 29 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 14 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises moving the pulp along an annular path of decreasing volume.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 18 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises passing the pulp through a plug-screw feeder.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 19 further comprising restricting the flow of pulp exiting from the plug screw feeder.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 18 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 14 wherein wringing, dewatering and compacting of the pulp occur simultaneously.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 40 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 18 wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 23 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 18 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 56 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 18 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 23 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 19 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 56 words

The method of processing pulp of claim 20 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 29

Independent Claim 197 words

A method of producing a multilayer paper product having outer and core layers, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consisency; mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paper product having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile in the core ply over a multilayer paper product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 30

Independent Claim 197 words

A method of producing a multilayer paper product having outer and core layers, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consisency; mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paper product having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile in the core ply over a multilayer paper product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 43 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 27 wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 27 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 58 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 27 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 34

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 27 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises moving the pulp along an annular path of decreasing volume.

Claim 35

Dependent Claim 29 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 31 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises passing the pulp through a plug-screw feeder.

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 24 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 32 further comprising restricting the flow of pulp exiting from the plug screw feeder.

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 27 wherein wringing, dewatering and compacting of the pulp occur simultaneously.

Claim 38

Dependent Claim 43 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 31 wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 39

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 31 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 40

Dependent Claim 58 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 31 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 41

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 32 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 42

Dependent Claim 58 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 33 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 43

Independent Claim 195 words

A method of producing a multilayer paper product having outer and core layers, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps; mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paper product having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile in the core ply over a multilayer paper product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 44

Independent Claim 195 words

A method of producing a multilayer paper product having outer and core layers, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps; mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paper product having increased bulk and no reduction in Z-directional tensile in the core ply over a multilayer paper product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 45

Dependent Claim 43 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 40 wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 46

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 40 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 47

Dependent Claim 59 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 40 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 48

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 40 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises moving the pulp along an annular path of decreasing volume.

Claim 49

Dependent Claim 29 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 44 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises passing the pulp through a plug-screw feeder.

Claim 50

Dependent Claim 24 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 45 further comprising restricting the flow of pulp exiting from the plug screw feeder.

Claim 51

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 40 wherein wringing, dewatering and compacting of the pulp occur simultaneously.

Claim 52

Dependent Claim 43 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 44 wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 53

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 44 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 54

Dependent Claim 59 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 44 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 55

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 45 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 56

Dependent Claim 59 words

The method of producing a multilayer paper product of claim 46 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 57

Independent Claim 210 words

A method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids, the paperboard product having outer and core layers, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency; mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paperboard product having increased bulk, no reduction in Z-directional tensile, and reduced wicking in the core ply over a multilayer paperboard product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 58

Independent Claim 210 words

A method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids, the paperboard product having outer and core layers, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency; mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paperboard product having increased bulk, no reduction in Z-directional tensile, and reduced wicking in the core ply over a multilayer paperboard product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 59

Dependent Claim 49 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 53 wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 60

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 53 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 61

Dependent Claim 64 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 53 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 62

Dependent Claim 38 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 53 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises moving the pulp along an annular path of decreasing volume.

Claim 63

Dependent Claim 35 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 57 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises passing the pulp through a plug-screw feeder.

Claim 64

Dependent Claim 30 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 58 further comprising restricting the flow of pulp exiting from the plug screw feeder.

Claim 65

Dependent Claim 27 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 53 wherein wringing, dewatering and compacting of the pulp occur simultaneously.

Claim 66

Dependent Claim 49 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 57 wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 67

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 57 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 68

Dependent Claim 64 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 57 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 69

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 58 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 70

Dependent Claim 64 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 59 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically refining and mechanically treating increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 71

Independent Claim 205 words

A method of producing a multilayer paperboard product having outer and core layers for use in containment of liquids, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps; mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paperboard product having increased bulk, no reduction in Z-directional tensile, and reduced wicking in the core ply over a multilayer paperboard product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 72

Independent Claim 205 words

A method of producing a multilayer paperboard product having outer and core layers for use in containment of liquids, the method comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps; mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp and thereby forming a core ply pulp, the core ply pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined; forming the core ply pulp into a sheet in a wet end of a papermachine either together or in a separate step with formation of outer sheet layers; and pressing and drying the outer and core sheets to produce a multilayer paperboard product having increased bulk, no reduction in Z-directional tensile, and reduced wicking in the core ply over a multilayer paperboard product produced with the same pulps having a core ply pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 73

Dependent Claim 49 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 66 wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 74

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 66 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 75

Dependent Claim 65 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 66 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 76

Dependent Claim 38 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 66 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises moving the pulp along an annular path of decreasing volume.

Claim 77

Dependent Claim 35 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 70 wherein the step of wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp comprises passing the pulp through a plug-screw feeder.

Claim 78

Dependent Claim 30 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 71 further comprising restricting the flow of pulp exiting from the plug screw feeder.

Claim 79

Dependent Claim 27 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 66 wherein wringing, dewatering and compacting of the pulp occur simultaneously.

Claim 80

Dependent Claim 49 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 70 wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 81

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 70 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 82

Dependent Claim 65 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 70 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 83

Dependent Claim 32 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 71 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp.

Claim 84

Dependent Claim 65 words

The method of producing a multilayer paperboard product for use in containment of liquids of claim 72 wherein the mechanical refining is conducted at a high consistency of at least 20% pulp, and wherein said mechanically treating and mechanically refining increases Z-directional tensile over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 85

Independent Claim 104 words

A method of producing a paperboard product for use in containment of liquids comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency; mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps, the mechanically refined and mechanically treated pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 86

Independent Claim 104 words

A method of producing a paperboard product for use in containment of liquids comprising the following steps: mechanically refining pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency; mechanically treating the mechanically refined pulp by wringing, dewatering and compacting the mechanically refined pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps, the mechanically refined and mechanically treated pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been mechanically refined and thereafter wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers.

Claim 87

Independent Claim 102 words

A method of producing a paperboard product for use in containment of liquids comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps; mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp, the mechanically refined and mechanically treated pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Claim 88

Independent Claim 102 words

A method of producing a paperboard product for use in containment of liquids comprising the following steps: mechanically treating pulp of up to 50% O.D. consistency by wringing, dewatering and compacting the pulp to permanently twist and kink individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps; mechanically refining the mechanically treated pulp, the mechanically refined and mechanically treated pulp having, increased bulk; no reduction in Z-directional tensile; and reduced wicking, over the same pulp that has not been wrung, dewatered and compacted to twist and kink individual fibers and thereafter mechanically refined.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1996-09-13	1997-03-15	1997-09-14	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	2000-09-13	2001-03-15	2001-09-14	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2004-09-13	2005-03-15	2005-09-14	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Pulp treatment methods

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