Patent US5237170A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5237170A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for non-imaging concentration and projection of electromagnetic radiation
Assignee: AMERICAN ACTION Inc A CORP OF
•
Filing: 1991-07-03
•
Granted: 1993-08-17
•
Expires: 2011-07-03
Abstract
Abstract A system for selectably concentrating and projecting electromagnetic radiation utilizes re-entrant reflecting surfaces and multiple internal reflections. The system of the present invention comprises components having a generally-shaped primary reflecting surface which may be used in conjunction with one or more generally-shaped secondary reflecting surfaces to achieve concentration of electromagnetic radiation along the direction of the projected beam for specified spatial radiation and collection patterns.
Inventors
- 👤 Narkis E. I. Shatz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 13:35
CPC Classifications
F; F21; F21V; F21V7/00; F21V7/04; F24; F24S; F24S23/00; F24S23/70; F24S23/79; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E10/00; Y02E10/40
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 44
Claim 1
Independent Claim
80 words
A system for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said system comprising: primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source, said primary reflecting means selectably projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver; said primary reflecting means having reflecting surfaces for singly and multiply reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation and having re-entrant reflecting surfaces for multiply-reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
80 words
A system for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said system comprising: primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source, said primary reflecting means selectably projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver; said primary reflecting means having reflecting surfaces for singly and multiply reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation and having re-entrant reflecting surfaces for multiply-reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
A system as in claim 1 wherein said aperture is non-circular.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
A system as in claim 2 wherein said aperture is substantially elliptical.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
A system as in claim 2 wherein said aperture is substantially rectangular.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
A system as in claim 1 wherein said aperture is substantially circular.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
42 words
A system as in claim 1 further including secondary reflecting means disposed generally within said primary reflecting means and between said source and said aperture thereof for reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source and from said primary reflecting means.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A system as in claim 6 wherein said secondary reflecting means includes both concave and convex reflecting surfaces.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
A system as in claim 6 wherein said secondary reflecting means is disposed outside said primary reflecting means and near said aperture thereof for reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said primary reflecting means.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
30 words
A system as in claim 8 wherein said secondary reflecting means reflects rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source when said source is disposed within said primary reflecting means.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A system as in claim 8 or 9 wherein said secondary reflecting means has a concave reflecting surface.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
50 words
A system as in claim 1 wherein the shape of said primary reflecting means is generally concave and is determined by the solution of simultaneous equations for describing the aperture thereof in a first plane and for describing the profile thereof in a second plane orthogonal to said first plane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
36 words
A system as in claim 11 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is a non-circular function and said equation for describing said profile is a cubic spline function uniquely determined by a plurality of knots.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
A system as in claim 12 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is an ellipse.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A system as in claim 12 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is a rectangle.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A system as in claim 12 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is a circular function.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
89 words
A system for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said system comprising: primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source, said primary reflecting means selectably projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver; said primary reflecting means having reflecting surfaces for compressing the solid angle of electromagnetic radiation reflected therefrom, the shape of said reflecting surfaces being based upon achieving a desired concentration of electromagnetic radiation derived from singly and multiply reflected rays.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
89 words
A system for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said system comprising: primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source, said primary reflecting means selectably projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver; said primary reflecting means having reflecting surfaces for compressing the solid angle of electromagnetic radiation reflected therefrom, the shape of said reflecting surfaces being based upon achieving a desired concentration of electromagnetic radiation derived from singly and multiply reflected rays.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
A system as in claim 16 wherein said primary reflecting means includes re-entrant reflecting surfaces for multiply-reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
42 words
A system as in claim 17 further including secondary reflecting means disposed generally within said primary reflecting means and between said source and said aperture thereof for reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source and from said primary reflecting means.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
A system as in claim 18 wherein said secondary reflecting means includes both concave and convex reflecting surfaces.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
35 words
A system as in claim 18 wherein said secondary reflecting means is disposed outside said primary reflecting means and near said aperture thereof for reflecting rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said primary reflecting means.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
30 words
A system as in claim 20 wherein said secondary reflecting means reflects rays of electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source when said source is disposed within said primary reflecting means.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
30 words
A system as in claims 1 or 17 wherein said re-entrant reflecting surfaces reflect electromagnetic energy into said source for redistribution therein before said energy is projected onto said receiver.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said method comprising the steps of: forming primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source; projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver by single and multiple reflections of electromagnetic radiation; and forming re-entrant reflecting surfaces for multiply-reflecting electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said method comprising the steps of: forming primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source; projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver by single and multiple reflections of electromagnetic radiation; and forming re-entrant reflecting surfaces for multiply-reflecting electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
11 words
A method as in claim 23 wherein said aperture is non-circular.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 24 wherein said aperture is substantially elliptical.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 24 wherein said aperture is substantially rectangular.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 23 wherein said aperture is substantially circular.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method as in claim 23 further including the steps of: forming secondary reflecting means disposed generally within said primary reflecting means and between said source and said aperture thereof; and reflecting electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source and from said primary reflecting means from said secondary reflecting means.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein said secondary reflecting means includes both concave and convex reflecting surfaces.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein said secondary reflecting means is disposed outside said primary reflecting means and near said aperture thereof for reflecting electromagnetic radiation emanating from said primary reflecting means.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as in claim 30 wherein said secondary reflecting means reflects electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source when said source is disposed within said primary reflecting means.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method as in claim 30 or 31 wherein said secondary reflecting means has a concave reflecting surface.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method as in claim 23 wherein the step of forming said primary reflecting means includes the step of forming said primary reflecting means into a generally concave shape according to the solution of simultaneous equations for describing the aperture thereof in a first plane and for describing the profile thereof in a second plane orthogonal to said first plane.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as in claim 33 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is a non-circular function and said equation for describing said profile is a cubic spline function uniquely determined by a plurality of knots.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as in claim 34 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is an ellipse.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as in claim 34 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is a rectangle.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as in claim 34 wherein said equation for describing said aperture is a circular function.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
99 words
A method for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said method comprising the steps of: forming primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source; projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver by single and multiple reflections of electromagnetic radiation; and forming first reflecting surfaces in said primary reflecting means for compressing the solid angle of electromagnetic radiation reflected therefrom, the shape of said reflecting surfaces being based upon achieving a desired concentration of electromagnetic radiation derived from single and multiple reflections thereof.
Claim 42
Independent Claim
99 words
A method for concentrating and projecting non-imaged electromagnetic radiation from a source of electromagnetic radiation onto a receiver of electromagnetic radiation, respectively, said method comprising the steps of: forming primary reflecting means having an aperture for receiving electromagnetic radiation from said source; projecting electromagnetic radiation onto said receiver by single and multiple reflections of electromagnetic radiation; and forming first reflecting surfaces in said primary reflecting means for compressing the solid angle of electromagnetic radiation reflected therefrom, the shape of said reflecting surfaces being based upon achieving a desired concentration of electromagnetic radiation derived from single and multiple reflections thereof.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as in claim 38 wherein said primary reflecting means includes reentrant reflecting surfaces for multiply-reflecting electromagnetic radiation emanating from said source.
Claim 44
Independent Claim
30 words
A method as in claims 23 or 38 further including the step of reflecting electromagnetic energy into said source for redistribution therein before said energy is projected onto said receiver.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3805052A
Cited
US3923381A
Cited
US3899672A
Cited
US4005286A
Cited
US4270844A
Cited
US4357704A
Cited
US4506152A
Cited
US4657360A
Cited
US4816694A
Cited
US4792685A
Cited
US4815858A
Cited
US5016995A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-08-16 | 1997-02-15 | 1997-08-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-08-16 | 2001-02-15 | 2001-08-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-08-16 | 2005-02-15 | 2005-08-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |