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US5219677A
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Rechargeable electrochemical cell having a cathode based on vanadium oxide
Assignee: SAFT Societe des Accumulateurs Fixes et de Traction SA
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Filing: 1990-12-11
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Granted: 1993-06-15
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Expires: 2010-12-11
Abstract
Abstract A rechargeable electrochemical cell whose anode is based on lithium or a lithium alloy, whose electrolyte is constituted by a solution of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent, and whose cathode material is based on crystallized vanadium oxide, wherein the vanadium oxide contains a γ' phase due to chemical or electrochemical oxidation of a γ phase of LiV 2 O 5 obtained by inserting a number of atoms of lithium per mole of V 2 O 5 into said oxide, where said number lies in the range 0.9 to 2.
Inventors
- 👤 Jean Labat
- 👤 Jean-Michel Cocciantelli
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 21:25
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M4/48; H01M4/485; H01M4/58; H01M10/00; H01M10/05; H01M10/052; H01M10/056; H01M10/0564; H01M10/0566; H01M10/0569; H01M4/13; H01M4/131; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
117 words
A rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising an anode of lithium or a lithium alloy, a cathode material initially of crystallized vanadium oxide prior to cycling, and an electrolyte in contact with each of the anode and cathode comprising a solution of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the cathode material contains, when in a reduced state, a γ phase of LiV 2 O 5 obtained by inserting from 0.9 to 2 atoms of lithium per molecule of V 2 O 5 into said oxide upon discharging the cell and contains, when in an oxidized state, a γ' phase of V 2 O 5 obtained by chemically or electrochemically oxidizing the γ phase upon charging the cell.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
117 words
A rechargeable electrochemical cell comprising an anode of lithium or a lithium alloy, a cathode material initially of crystallized vanadium oxide prior to cycling, and an electrolyte in contact with each of the anode and cathode comprising a solution of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the cathode material contains, when in a reduced state, a γ phase of LiV 2 O 5 obtained by inserting from 0.9 to 2 atoms of lithium per molecule of V 2 O 5 into said oxide upon discharging the cell and contains, when in an oxidized state, a γ' phase of V 2 O 5 obtained by chemically or electrochemically oxidizing the γ phase upon charging the cell.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
45 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, wherein said cathode material has a capacity of not less than 88 Ah/kg at a discharge voltage of from greater than 3.3 V to 3.8 V, when the cell is electrochemically cycled between 2.0 V and 3.8 V.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, having a discharge curve during cycling which includes a plurality of distinct voltage levels situated above 3 volts, and a voltage level situated at substantially 2.3 volts.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, having a mean discharge voltage of greater than 3.5 volts when cycled with a depth of discharge of less than 74 Ah/kg.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, wherein the number of atoms of lithium per molecule of V 2 O 5 approaches 2.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
54 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, wherein said non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of cyclic and linear ethers, esters, and mixtures thereof, and a solute selected from the group consisting of LiAsF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 6, wherein the electrolyte is a solution of LiAsF 6 in a mixture of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and dimethoxyethane.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
181 words
A method of preparing a cathode material containing a γ' phase of V 2 O 5 from a cathode material initially of crystallized vanadium oxide by processing the cathode material in an electrochemical cell comprising an anode of lithium or a lithium alloy, the cathode material for processing, and an electrolyte in contact with each of the anode and cathode comprising a solution of a lithium salt in an non-aqueous solvent, wherein the cathode material contains, when in a reduced state, a γ phase of LiV 2 O 5 obtained by inserting from 0.9 to 2 atoms of lithium per molecule of V 2 O 5 into said oxide upon discharging the cell and contains, when in an oxidized state, a γ' phase of V 2 O 5 obtained by chemically or electrochemically oxidizing the γ phase upon charging the cell, comprising the steps of discharging the cell below 3 V to a discharge level situated at about 2.3 V, and then recharging the cell to about 3.8 V, providing that the minimum discharge voltage is not less than 2.0 V.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
181 words
A method of preparing a cathode material containing a γ' phase of V 2 O 5 from a cathode material initially of crystallized vanadium oxide by processing the cathode material in an electrochemical cell comprising an anode of lithium or a lithium alloy, the cathode material for processing, and an electrolyte in contact with each of the anode and cathode comprising a solution of a lithium salt in an non-aqueous solvent, wherein the cathode material contains, when in a reduced state, a γ phase of LiV 2 O 5 obtained by inserting from 0.9 to 2 atoms of lithium per molecule of V 2 O 5 into said oxide upon discharging the cell and contains, when in an oxidized state, a γ' phase of V 2 O 5 obtained by chemically or electrochemically oxidizing the γ phase upon charging the cell, comprising the steps of discharging the cell below 3 V to a discharge level situated at about 2.3 V, and then recharging the cell to about 3.8 V, providing that the minimum discharge voltage is not less than 2.0 V.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, wherein the γ LiV 2 O 5 phase is treated with a solution of bromine in acetonitrile to obtain the γ' phase.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of regenerating, in situ, the cathode material of a rechargeable electrochemical cell, said electrochemical cell comprising an anode of lithium or a lithium alloy, a cathode material initially of crystallized vanadium oxide prior to cycling, and an electrolyte in contact with each of the anode and cathode comprising a solution of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent, comprising the steps of discharging said cell to a discharge level situated at about 2.3 V, and then recharging the cell to about 3.8 V, providing that the minimum discharge voltage is not less than 2.0 V.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of regenerating, in situ, the cathode material of a rechargeable electrochemical cell, said electrochemical cell comprising an anode of lithium or a lithium alloy, a cathode material initially of crystallized vanadium oxide prior to cycling, and an electrolyte in contact with each of the anode and cathode comprising a solution of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent, comprising the steps of discharging said cell to a discharge level situated at about 2.3 V, and then recharging the cell to about 3.8 V, providing that the minimum discharge voltage is not less than 2.0 V.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, wherein the γ phase of the cathode material is obtained by discharging the cell to a discharge level situated at about 2.3 V.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electrochemical cell as in claim 1, wherein the γ' phase is obtained from the γ phase of the cathode material by recharging the cell to about 3.8 V.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
89 words
The method as in claim 10, wherein the cathode material contains, when in a reduced state, a γ phase of LiV 2 O 5 obtained by inserting from 0.9 to 2 atoms of lithium per molecule of V 2 O 5 upon discharging the cell to a discharge level situated about 2.3 V, and the cathode material contains, when in an oxidized state, a γ' phase of V 2 O 5 obtained from the γ phase of LiV 2 O 5 upon recharging the cell to about 3.8 V.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-06-14 | 1996-12-14 | 1997-06-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-06-14 | 2000-12-14 | 2001-06-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-06-14 | 2004-12-14 | 2005-06-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |