US5161094A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Solid electrolyte capacitor and method of making
Assignee: Marine Mechanical Corp
•
Filing: 1991-09-06
•
Granted: 1992-11-03
•
Expires: 2011-09-06
Abstract
Abstract A technique is disclosed for supplying backup power by providing a solid-state electrochemical capacitor with a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 , a layer of anode material composed of carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material, and a layer of cathode material composed of carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material. A current is supplied to charge the anode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudo capacitance mode. The charged up capacitor is used to supply a backup voltage to a utilization device. In one embodiment, the anode includes a silver disk adjoining the electrolyte layer. In another embodiment, the anode contains platinized activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 to reduce silver dendrite growth during charging. In another embodiment, a varying concentration of silver is included in the anode layer. A technique for parallel charging and serial discharging of a plurality of the capacitors is disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 John F. Bruder
- 👤 Laurence N. Swink
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 11:20
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01G; H01G9/00; H01G9/004; H01G9/022; H01G9/025; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/13
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
125 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode composed of silver adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; (b) supplying a current to charge up the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
125 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode composed of silver adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; (b) supplying a current to charge up the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 including supplying the backup voltage to a utilization device.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
129 words
A capacitor structure for storing backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a layer of negative electrode material composed of silver and adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 and adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; and (d) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
129 words
A capacitor structure for storing backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a layer of negative electrode material composed of silver and adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 and adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; and (d) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
The capacitor structure of claim 3 including silver deposited on carbon particles in the negative electrode material, whereby silver is substantially depleted from the electrolyte material, preventing further growth of dendrites which cause failure of the capacitor structure.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
152 words
A capacitor structure for storing backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a layer of negative electrode material composed of stable silver-platable metal particles in sufficient concentration to substantially inhibit growth of silver dendrites during charging of the capacitor structure and adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 and adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; and (d) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit on the silver-platable particles in the negative electrode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
152 words
A capacitor structure for storing backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a layer of negative electrode material composed of stable silver-platable metal particles in sufficient concentration to substantially inhibit growth of silver dendrites during charging of the capacitor structure and adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 and adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; and (d) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit on the silver-platable particles in the negative electrode.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
145 words
A method of supplying standby power for a utilization device, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode composed of silver adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; (b) supplying a current to charge up the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode; (c) sensing a condition in which the utilization device requires application of standby power thereto; (d) electrically connecting electrodes of the capacitor structure to power terminals of the utilization device.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
145 words
A method of supplying standby power for a utilization device, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode composed of silver adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; (b) supplying a current to charge up the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode; (c) sensing a condition in which the utilization device requires application of standby power thereto; (d) electrically connecting electrodes of the capacitor structure to power terminals of the utilization device.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
183 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode composed of a layer of silver and a layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , the layer of silver adjoining a first surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , a second surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; (b) supplying a current to charge up the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
183 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode composed of a layer of silver and a layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , the layer of silver adjoining a first surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , a second surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; (b) supplying a current to charge up the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the noble metal is platinum.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
183 words
A capacitor structure for storing backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a negative electrode composed of a layer of silver and a layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , the layer of silver adjoining a first surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , a second surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 and adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; and (d) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit on the negative electrode.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
183 words
A capacitor structure for storing backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a negative electrode composed of a layer of silver and a layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , the layer of silver adjoining a first surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , a second surface of the layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 and adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; and (d) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit on the negative electrode.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The capacitor structure of claim 9 wherein the noble metal is platinum.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
The capacitor structure of claim 9 including silver deposited in the negative electrode material, whereby silver is substantially depleted from the electrolyte material, preventing further growth of dendrites which cause failure of the capacitor structure.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
207 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte, the negative electrode being composed of a first layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining the first surface of the electrolyte, a second layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a first percentage of silver adjoining the first layer, a third layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a second percentage of silver adjoining the second layer, and a fourth layer of silver adjoining the third layer; and (b) supplying a current to charge the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
207 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte, the negative electrode being composed of a first layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining the first surface of the electrolyte, a second layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a first percentage of silver adjoining the first layer, a third layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a second percentage of silver adjoining the second layer, and a fourth layer of silver adjoining the third layer; and (b) supplying a current to charge the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
145 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte, the negative electrode being composed of RbAg 4 I 5 and a graded concentration of silver adjoining the first surface of the electrolyte; and (b) supplying a current to charge the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
145 words
A method of storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a capacitor structure including a solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 , a negative electrode adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, and a positive electrode composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte, the negative electrode being composed of RbAg 4 I 5 and a graded concentration of silver adjoining the first surface of the electrolyte; and (b) supplying a current to charge the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
213 words
A capacitor structure for storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a layer of negative electrode material adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, the negative electrode being composed of a first layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining the first surface of the electrolyte, a second layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a first percentage of silver adjoining the first layer, a third layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a second percentage of silver adjoining the second layer, and a fourth layer of silver adjoining the third layer; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; and (d) means for supplying a current to charge the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
213 words
A capacitor structure for storing a large amount of backup energy, comprising in combination: (a) a layer of solid electrolyte composed of a layer of RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) a layer of negative electrode material adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte, the negative electrode being composed of a first layer of noble metal coated activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining the first surface of the electrolyte, a second layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a first percentage of silver adjoining the first layer, a third layer of noble metal coated activated carbon, RbAg 4 I 5 , and a second percentage of silver adjoining the second layer, and a fourth layer of silver adjoining the third layer; (c) a layer of positive electrode material composed of a layer of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte; and (d) means for supplying a current to charge the positive electrode of the capacitor structure to a voltage in the range from 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts to cause storage of charge in the capacitor structure in both a double layer capacitance mode and a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit in the negative electrode.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
The capacitor structure of claim 14 wherein the first percentage is approximately 30% by weight and the second percentage is approximately 70% by weight.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
64 words
A method of making a pseudocapacitor, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) spreading a layer of paste containing RbAg 4 I 5 and solvent on the layer of positive electrode material; (c) placing a silver disk on the layer of paste and allowing the solvent to evaporate.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
64 words
A method of making a pseudocapacitor, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 ; (b) spreading a layer of paste containing RbAg 4 I 5 and solvent on the layer of positive electrode material; (c) placing a silver disk on the layer of paste and allowing the solvent to evaporate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 16 including providing an insulating spacer in the paste and pressing the silver disk against the insulating spacer.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 16 wherein step (c) includes allowing some of the solvent to evaporate through small holes in the silver disk.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
163 words
A system for charging a plurality of pseudocapacitors connected to supply a predetermined backup voltage to a utilization circuit, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of charge control circuit means for charging each of the pseudocapacitors to a voltage of up to approximately 0.66 volts coupled to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively. (b) first means for coupling the plurality of pseudocapacitors in series with the utilization circuit when the backup voltage is needed by the utilization circuit; and (c) second means for coupling the plurality of charge control circuit means to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively, to effectuate parallel charging of the pseudocapacitors, wherein, the plurality of charge control circuits include a plurality of secondary windings of a transformer, respectively, the first means includes a plurality of conductors connecting the plurality of pseudocapacitors in series, and the second means includes a plurality of switches connecting a first terminal of each of the secondary windings to a terminal of each of the pseudocapacitors, respectively.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
163 words
A system for charging a plurality of pseudocapacitors connected to supply a predetermined backup voltage to a utilization circuit, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of charge control circuit means for charging each of the pseudocapacitors to a voltage of up to approximately 0.66 volts coupled to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively. (b) first means for coupling the plurality of pseudocapacitors in series with the utilization circuit when the backup voltage is needed by the utilization circuit; and (c) second means for coupling the plurality of charge control circuit means to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively, to effectuate parallel charging of the pseudocapacitors, wherein, the plurality of charge control circuits include a plurality of secondary windings of a transformer, respectively, the first means includes a plurality of conductors connecting the plurality of pseudocapacitors in series, and the second means includes a plurality of switches connecting a first terminal of each of the secondary windings to a terminal of each of the pseudocapacitors, respectively.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
71 words
The system of claim 19 including a primary winding of the transformer, an oscillator circuit driving the primary winding, and a sensing control circuit connected to compare the voltage across one of the pseudocapacitors to a reference voltage of approximately 0.66 volts and control the current through the primary winding to cause each of the charge control circuits to produce a 0.66 voltage output voltage across the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
122 words
A pseudocapacitor voltage source, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of pseudocapacitors pressed together, each including a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , a layer of electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 , and a layer of negative electrode material; (b) a plurality of silver disks, each functioning as an electrical contact electrode of a layer of positive electrode material of one pseudocapacitor and electrically contacting the layer of negative electrode material of an adjacent pseudocapacitor, respectively; (c) resilient means disposed on one side of the plurality of pseudocapacitors, pressing them together; and (d) means for electrically contacting each of the silver disks to allow electrical connection to charge each pseudocapacitor.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
122 words
A pseudocapacitor voltage source, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of pseudocapacitors pressed together, each including a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 , a layer of electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 , and a layer of negative electrode material; (b) a plurality of silver disks, each functioning as an electrical contact electrode of a layer of positive electrode material of one pseudocapacitor and electrically contacting the layer of negative electrode material of an adjacent pseudocapacitor, respectively; (c) resilient means disposed on one side of the plurality of pseudocapacitors, pressing them together; and (d) means for electrically contacting each of the silver disks to allow electrical connection to charge each pseudocapacitor.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
186 words
A pseudocapacitor voltage source, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of pseudocapacitors each including i. a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 , ii. a layer of negative electrode material composed of stable silver-platable metal particles in sufficient concentration to substantially inhibit growth of silver dendrites during charging of the capacitor structure adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; iii. a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; (b) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit on the silver-platable particles in the negative electrode; (c) means connecting the plurality of pseudocapacitors in parallel; and (d) a DC-to-DC converter connected to the connecting means to boost the voltage across the plurality of pseudocapacitors to a predetermined higher voltage.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
186 words
A pseudocapacitor voltage source, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of pseudocapacitors each including i. a layer of solid electrolyte material composed of RbAg 4 I 5 , ii. a layer of negative electrode material composed of stable silver-platable metal particles in sufficient concentration to substantially inhibit growth of silver dendrites during charging of the capacitor structure adjoining a first surface of the electrolyte material; iii. a layer of positive electrode material composed of activated carbon and RbAg 4 I 5 adjoining a second surface of the electrolyte material parallel to the first surface; (b) means for charging the capacitor structure to produce a voltage of 0.50 volts to 0.66 volts between the negative electrode material and the positive electrode material, to thereby cause storage of charge in a double layer capacitance mode and also in a pseudocapacitance mode and to cause silver to deposit on the silver-platable particles in the negative electrode; (c) means connecting the plurality of pseudocapacitors in parallel; and (d) a DC-to-DC converter connected to the connecting means to boost the voltage across the plurality of pseudocapacitors to a predetermined higher voltage.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
122 words
A system for charging a plurality of pseudocapacitors connected to supply a predetermined backup voltage to a utilization circuit, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of electrically floating controlled current sources coupled to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively, the plurality of pseudocapacitors being connected in series, and charge control circuit means for controlling the currents produced by the current sources, the current sources charging each of the pseudocapacitors, respectively, to a voltage of up to approximately 0.66 volts coupled to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively; (b) means for controllably connecting the pseudocapacitors across the utilization circuit; and (c) switching means for operatively coupling the plurality of controlled current sources to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively, to effectuate parallel charging of the pseudocapacitors.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
122 words
A system for charging a plurality of pseudocapacitors connected to supply a predetermined backup voltage to a utilization circuit, comprising in combination: (a) a plurality of electrically floating controlled current sources coupled to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively, the plurality of pseudocapacitors being connected in series, and charge control circuit means for controlling the currents produced by the current sources, the current sources charging each of the pseudocapacitors, respectively, to a voltage of up to approximately 0.66 volts coupled to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively; (b) means for controllably connecting the pseudocapacitors across the utilization circuit; and (c) switching means for operatively coupling the plurality of controlled current sources to the plurality of pseudocapacitors, respectively, to effectuate parallel charging of the pseudocapacitors.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3443997A
Cited
US3503810A
Cited
US3476606A
Cited
US3476605A
Cited
US3647549A
Cited
US3701685A
Cited
US3663299A
Cited
US4387332A
Cited
US4654769A
Cited
US4916438A
Cited
US4959603A
Cited
US4984145A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-11-03 | 1996-05-04 | 1996-11-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-11-03 | 2000-05-04 | 2000-11-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-11-03 | 2004-05-04 | 2004-11-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |