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Patent US5157077A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5157077A
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US
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Epoxy resin systems modified with statistical monofunctional reactive polymers
Assignee: Goodrich Corp
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Filing: 1990-04-27
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Granted: 1992-10-20
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Expires: 2010-04-27
Abstract
Abstract Curable epoxy resins are toughened with statistical monofunctional carboxyl, amine or epoxy-terminated reactive polymers and have low viscosities before cure thereby making them useful in a wide range of applications. The cured epoxy resin systems which are modified by the statistical monofunctional reactive polymers have physical properties, such as adhesion and elongation, generally equal to or better than those of cured epoxy resin systems modified with statistical difunctional reactive polymers. A process of preparation of the modified epoxy resin systems of the present invention includes admixing an epoxy resin with a statistical monofunctional carboxyl, amine, or epoxy-terminated reactive polymer in the presence of a curing agent and reaction therewith to form the toughened, cured epoxy resin system.
Inventors
- 👤 Alan R. Siebert
- 👤 Robert J. Bertsch
- 👤 C. Dale Guiley
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 09:43
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08L; C08L63/00; C08F; C08F36/00; C08F36/02; C08F36/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 122
Claim 1
Independent Claim
119 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: about 100 parts of an epoxy resin which is not statistical monofunctional blended with from about 2 parts to about 150 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer or from about 2 parts to about 200 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer, said statistical monofunctional polymers each having a backbone consisting essentially of carbon-carbon linkages and comprising a blend of from about 5 percent to about 90 percent difunctional polymer species, from about 90 percent to about 5 percent nonfunctional polymer species and from about 5 percent to about 50 percent monofunctional polymer species; and an effective amount of a physically separated curing agent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
119 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: about 100 parts of an epoxy resin which is not statistical monofunctional blended with from about 2 parts to about 150 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer or from about 2 parts to about 200 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer, said statistical monofunctional polymers each having a backbone consisting essentially of carbon-carbon linkages and comprising a blend of from about 5 percent to about 90 percent difunctional polymer species, from about 90 percent to about 5 percent nonfunctional polymer species and from about 5 percent to about 50 percent monofunctional polymer species; and an effective amount of a physically separated curing agent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
79 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 1, wherein the low viscosity reactive polymer is said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator fragment having a nonreactive end group; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
184 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 2, wherein the monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a dience containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR32## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl, or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
104 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 3, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 35 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, α-methyl styrene, chlorostyrene, vinyl toluene, methacrylonitrile, vinyl bromide, vinyl chloride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, and allyl alcohol.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 3, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 5, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 2, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR33## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amide or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acidanhydride curing agents.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 6, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DEGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR34## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amide or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
156 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 2, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR35## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR36## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR37## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR38## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula: ##STR39## with n being an integer from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
156 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 6, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR40## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR41## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR42## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR43## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR44## with n being an integer from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 2, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR45## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 6, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR46## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 12 wherein said amine curing agent is amidopolyamine.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
100 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 1, wherein the low viscosity reactive polymer is said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid rubber; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with an epoxy resin terminator; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
349 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 14, wherein said epoxy resin terminator is a glycidyl ether of polyhydric phenol or a polyether alcohol, a glycidyl ether of a novolac resin, a glycidyl ether of a mono-, di-, or trihydric phenol, a glycidyl ether of a bisphenol, a glycidyl ether of a polynuclear phenol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a diphenolic acid, a glycidyl ether of an aliphatic polyol, a glycidyl ester, a glycidyl epoxy containing nitrogen, a glycidyl derivative of cyanuric acid, a glycidyl resin from melamine, a glycidyl amine, a glycidyl trazine, a thioglycidyl resin, a silicon-glycidyl resin, a fluorine glycidyl resin, or an epoxy resin terminator made from an unsaturated monoepoxy, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy alcohol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy by ester interchange, an epoxy resin terminator made from glycidaldehyde, an epoxy resin terminator made from a polyglycidyl compound containing unsaturation, an epoxy resin terminator which is synthesized from olefins and chloracetyls, or an epoxy-resin terminator adduct of any of the above; wherein said monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a diene containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR47## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl, or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atom; wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
73 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 15, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate, and wherein said epoxy resin terminator is ##STR48## wherein n is an integer from 0 to 18.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
53 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 16, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; wherein n is from 0 to about 14.3; wherein the molar ratio of said epoxy resin terminator to said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer is from about 0.9 to about 20; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 17, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 14, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR49## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amine curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amide or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 18, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR50## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amide or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 14, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR51## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR52## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR53## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR54## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR55## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 18, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR56## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR57## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR58## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR59## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula: ##STR60## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 14, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR61## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 18, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR62## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 24 wherein the curing agent is amidopolyamine.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
40 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 25, wherein the viscosity of said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive liquid polymer is less than 500,000 mPas, and wherein the number average molecular weight of said polymer is from about 200 to about 13,000.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
87 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: a curing agent blended with from about 2 parts to about 200 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer having a backbone consisting essentially of carbon-carbon linkages and comprising a blend of from about 5 percent to about 90 percent difunctional polymer species, from about 90 percent to about 5 percent nonfunctional polymer species and from about 5 percent to about 50 percent monofunctional polymer species; and about 100 parts of a physically separated epoxy resin.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
87 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: a curing agent blended with from about 2 parts to about 200 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer having a backbone consisting essentially of carbon-carbon linkages and comprising a blend of from about 5 percent to about 90 percent difunctional polymer species, from about 90 percent to about 5 percent nonfunctional polymer species and from about 5 percent to about 50 percent monofunctional polymer species; and about 100 parts of a physically separated epoxy resin.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
82 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 27, wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having at least a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid polymer, and wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with a polyamine containing primary or secondary amine groups; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
360 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 28, wherein said polyamine has the formula ##STR63## wherein said hydrocarbylene portion has from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, wherein A and B, independently, are substantially hydrocarbon or hydrogen, an amine-terminated polyether having the formula H.sub.2 N--Alkylene--O--Alkylene--.sub.n NH.sub.2 wherein n is an integer from about 2 to about 100, and each Alkylene, independently, has from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an amine having the formula ##STR64## wherein n is an integer from 2 to about 100, an amine having the formula HN.sub.2 --Alkylene--O--Alkylene--Alkylene.sub.j --O--Alkylene .sub.k NH.sub.2 wherein each alkylene, independently, has from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein i plus k is an integer of from about 2 to about 25, and j is an integer of from about 1 to about 200, or an amine having the formula ##STR65## wherein each alkylene, independently, has from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, and the total number of x+y+z integers is from about 2 to about 100 and R 9 is hydrogen or an aliphatic group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; wherein the monomers comprise at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a diene containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR66## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
120 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 29, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate, wherein said polyamine is hexanediamine, methylpentamethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, isophoronediamine, MDA, iminobispropylamine, aminoethylpiperazine, or combinations thereof; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
47 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 29, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; wherein said polyamine is aminoethylpiperazine; wherein the mole ratio of said polyamine to said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is from about 1.0 to about 2.0; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 31, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 28, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR67## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amine or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
94 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 32, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR68## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amide or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 28, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR69## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR70## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR71## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR72## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR73## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 32, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR74## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR75## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR76## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR77## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR78## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 28, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR79## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 32, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR80## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 38, wherein the curing agent is amidopolyamine.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
36 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 39, wherein the viscosity of said statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer is less than 400,000 mPa's and wherein the number average molecular weight is from about 1,000 to about 13,000.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
114 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: about 100 parts of an epoxy which is not statistical monofunctional resin blended with a latent curing agent; and from about 2 parts to about 150 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer or from about 2 parts to about 200 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer, said statistical monofunctional polymers each having a backbone consisting essentially of carbon-carbon linkages and comprising a blend of from about 5 percent to about 90 percent difunctional polymer species, from about 90 percent to about 5 percent nonfunctional polymer species and from about 5 percent to about 50 percent monofunctional polymer species.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
114 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: about 100 parts of an epoxy which is not statistical monofunctional resin blended with a latent curing agent; and from about 2 parts to about 150 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer or from about 2 parts to about 200 parts of a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer, said statistical monofunctional polymers each having a backbone consisting essentially of carbon-carbon linkages and comprising a blend of from about 5 percent to about 90 percent difunctional polymer species, from about 90 percent to about 5 percent nonfunctional polymer species and from about 5 percent to about 50 percent monofunctional polymer species.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
75 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 41, wherein the low viscosity reactive polymer is said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having at least a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
184 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 42, wherein the monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a diene containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR81## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
104 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 43, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 35 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, α-methyl styrene, chlorostyrene, vinyl toluene, methacrylonitrile, vinyl bromide, vinyl chloride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, and allyl alcohol.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
22 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 43, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 45, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
80 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 42, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR82## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of solid polyamides, BF 3 monoethylamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and dicyandiamide.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
80 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 46, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR83## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of solid polyamides, BF 3 monoethylamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and dicyandiamide.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 42, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR84## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR85## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR86## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR87## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR88## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 46, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR89## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR90## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR91## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR92## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR93## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 42, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR94## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 46, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR95## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 52, wherein the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
97 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 41, wherein the low viscosity reactive polymer is said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having at least a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator; to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid rubber; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with an epoxy resin terminator; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
349 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 54, wherein said epoxy resin terminator is a glycidyl ether of polyhydric phenol or a polyether alcohol, a glycidyl ether of a novolac resin, a glycidyl ether of a mono-, di-, or trihydric phenol, a glycidyl ether of a bisphenol, a glycidyl ether of a polynuclear phenol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a diphenolic acid, a glycidyl ether of an aliphatic polyol, a glycidyl ester, a glycidyl epoxy containing nitrogen, a glycidyl derivative of cyanuric acid, a glycidyl resin from melamine, a glycidyl amine, a glycidyl trazine, a thioglycidyl resin, a silicon-glycidyl resin, a fluorine glycidyl resin, or an epoxy resin terminator made from an unsaturated monoepoxy, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy alcohol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy by ester interchange, an epoxy resin terminator made from glycidaldehyde, an epoxy resin terminator made from a polyglycidyl compound containing unsaturation, an epoxy resin terminator which is synthesized from olefins and chloracetyls, or an epoxy-resin terminator adduct of any of the above; wherein said monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a diene containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR96## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl, or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atom; wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
73 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 43, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate, and wherein said epoxy resin terminator is ##STR97## wherein n is an integer from 0 to 18.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
53 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 55, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; wherein n is from 0 to about 14.3; wherein the molar ratio of said epoxy resin terminator to said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer is from about 0.9 to about 20; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 57, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
80 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 54, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR98## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of solid polyamides, BF 3 monoethylamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and dicyandiamide.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
80 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 58, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR99## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of solid polyamides, BF 3 monoethylamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and dicyandiamide.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
156 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 54, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR100## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR101## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR102## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR103## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR104## with n being an integer from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
156 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 58, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR105## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR106## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR107## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR108## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR109## with n being an integer from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 54, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR110## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
101 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 58, wherein said first difunctional initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second nonfunctional initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR111## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 64, wherein the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
40 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 65, wherein the viscosity of said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive liquid polymer is less than 500,000 mPas, and wherein the number average molecular weight of said polymer is from about 200 to about 13,000.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
137 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin blended with a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer; and a physically separated curing agent; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent; wherein the monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; and wherein said butadiene is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight acrylonitrile.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
137 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin blended with a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer; and a physically separated curing agent; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent; wherein the monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; and wherein said butadiene is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight acrylonitrile.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 67, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 68, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR112## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
14 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 69 wherein said amine curing agent is amidopolyamine.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
125 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin which is not statistical monofunctional blended with a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer; and a physically separated curing agent; wherein said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid rubber; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with an epoxy resin terminator; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
125 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin which is not statistical monofunctional blended with a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer; and a physically separated curing agent; wherein said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid rubber; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with an epoxy resin terminator; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
349 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 71, wherein said epoxy resin terminator is a glycidyl ether of polyhydric phenol or a polyether alcohol, a glycidyl ether of a novolac resin, a glycidyl ether of a mono-, di-, or trihydric phenol, a glycidyl ether of a bisphenol, a glycidyl ether of a polynuclear phenol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a diphenolic acid, a glycidyl ether of an aliphatic polyol, a glycidyl ester, a glycidyl epoxy containing nitrogen, a glycidyl derivative of cyanuric acid, a glycidyl resin from melamine, a glycidyl amine, a glycidyl triazine, a thioglycidyl resin, a silicon-glycidyl resin, a fluorine glycidyl resin, or an epoxy resin terminator made from an unsaturated monoepoxy, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy alcohol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy by ester interchange, an epoxy resin terminator made from glycidaldehyde, an epoxy resin terminator made from a polyglycidyl compound containing unsaturation, an epoxy resin terminator which is synthesized from olefins and chloracetyls, or an epoxy-resin terminator adduct of any of the above; wherein said monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a diene containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR113## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl, or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atom; wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
73 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 72, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate, and wherein said epoxy resin terminator is ##STR114## wherein n is an integer from 0 to 18.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
53 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 73, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; wherein n is from 0 to about 14.3; wherein the molar ratio of said epoxy resin terminator to said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer is from about 0.9 to about 20; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 74, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 71, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR115## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amine or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 75, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR116## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amine or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 71, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR117## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR118## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR119## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR120## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR121## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 75, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR122## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR123## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR124## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR125## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula: ##STR126## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 71, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR127## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 75, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR128## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 81 wherein the curing agent is amidopolyamine.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
40 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 82, wherein the viscosity of said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive liquid polymer is less than 500,000 mPas, and wherein the number average molecular weight of said polymer is from about 200 to about 13,000.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
127 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: a curing agent blended with a low viscosity statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer; and a physically separated curing agent; wherein the low viscosity statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid polymer, and wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with a polyamine containing primary or secondary amine groups; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
127 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: a curing agent blended with a low viscosity statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer; and a physically separated curing agent; wherein the low viscosity statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid polymer, and wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with a polyamine containing primary or secondary amine groups; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
360 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 84, wherein said polyamine has the formula ##STR129## wherein said hydrocarbylene portion has from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, wherein A and B, independently, are substantially hydrocarbon or hydrogen, an amine-terminated polyether having the formula H.sub.2 N--Alkylene--O--Alkylene--.sub.n NH.sub.2 wherein n is an integer from about 2 to about 100, and each Alkylene, independently, has from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an amine having the formula ##STR130## wherein n is an integer from 2 to about 100, an amine having the formula HN.sub.2 --Alkylene--O--Alkylene--Alkylene.sub.j --O--Alkylene .sub.k NH.sub.2 wherein each alkylene, independently, has from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein i plus k is an integer of from about 2 to about 25, and j is an integer of from about 1 to about 200, or an amine having the formula ##STR131## wherein each alkylene, independently, has from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, and the total number of x+y+z integers is from about 2 to about 100 and R 9 is hydrogen or an aliphatic group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; wherein the monomers comprise at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a diene containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR132## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
120 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 85, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate, wherein said polyamine is hexanediamine, methylpentamethylene diamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, isophoronediamine, MDA, iminobispropylamine, aminoethylpiperazine, or combinations thereof; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
47 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 85, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; wherein said polyamine is aminoethylpiperazine; wherein the mole ratio of said polyamine to said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is from about 1.0 to about 2.0; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 87, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
93 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 84, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR133## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amine or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
94 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 88, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR134## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of amine curing agents, amide curing agents, nitrogen-containing other than amide or amide curing agents, acid curing agents, and acid-anhydride curing agents.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
158 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 84, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR135## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR136## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second nonfunctional initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR137## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR138## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR139## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
156 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 88, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR140## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR141## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR142## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR143## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 84, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR144## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 88, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR145## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 94, wherein the curing agent is amidopolyamine.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
36 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 95, wherein the viscosity of said statistical monofunctional amine-terminated reactive polymer is less than 400,000 mPa's and wherein the number average molecular weight is from about 1,000 to about 13,000.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
129 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin blended with a latent curing agent; and a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group; wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent; wherein the monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; and wherein said butadiene is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
129 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin blended with a latent curing agent; and a low viscosity statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group; wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent; wherein the monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; and wherein said butadiene is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 97, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
80 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 98, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR146## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of solid polyamides, BF 3 monoethylamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and dicyandiamide.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 98, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR147## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 100, wherein the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
124 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin which is not statistical monofunctional blended with a latent curing agent; and a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid rubber; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with an epoxy resin terminator; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
124 words
A curable low viscosity epoxy resin system comprising: an epoxy resin which is not statistical monofunctional blended with a latent curing agent; and a low viscosity statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer; wherein said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive polymer has a backbone of carbon-carbon linkages; wherein said carbon-carbon backbone is comprised of repeating units made by free radical polymerization of monomers; wherein said free radical polymerization is accomplished by utilizing a mixture of a first difunctional initiator having a reactive carboxyl end group and a second nonfunctional initiator having a non-reactive end group to form a statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive liquid rubber; wherein said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated polymer is reacted with an epoxy resin terminator; and wherein said curing agent is an amine curing agent.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
347 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 102, wherein said epoxy resin terminator is a polyhydric phenol glycidyl ether of polyether alcohol, a glycidyl ether of a novolac resin, a glycidyl ether of a mono-, di-, or trihydric phenol, a glycidyl ether of a bisphenol, a glycidyl ether of a polynuclear phenol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a diphenolic acid, a glycidyl ether of an aliphatic polyol, a glycidyl ester, a glycidyl epoxy containing nitrogen, a glycidyl derivative of cyanuric acid, a glycidyl resin from melamine, a glycidyl amine, a glycidyl triazine, a thioglycidyl resin, a silicon-glycidyl resin, a fluorine glycidyl resin, or an epoxy resin terminator made from an unsaturated monoepoxy, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy alcohol, an epoxy resin terminator made from a monoepoxy by ester interchange, an epoxy resin terminator made from glycidaldehyde, an epoxy resin terminator made from a polyglycidyl compound containing unsaturation, an epoxy resin terminator which is synthesized from olefins and chloracetyls, or an epoxy-resin terminator adduct of any of the above; wherein said monomers are ones comprising at least one vinyl monomer having at least one terminal vinyl group; wherein said vinyl monomer is a diene containing 4 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ester of carboxylic acid containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a vinyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an allyl ether of alkyl radicals containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an acrylate having the following general structural formula ##STR148## wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl, or an alkylthioalkyl, or a cyanoalkyl having from 2 to 12 carbon atom; wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with up to about 50 percent by weight of at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl aromatics, vinyl nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl acids, amides of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl alcohols, and combinations thereof.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
73 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 103, wherein said vinyl monomer is isoprene, butadiene, 2-isopropyl-1,3-butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, allyl acetate, vinyl methyl ether, allyl methyl ether, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethyhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, butoxyethyl acrylate, hexylthioethyl acrylate, α-cyanoethyl acrylate, cyanooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, or octylmethacrylate; and wherein said epoxy resin terminator is ##STR149## wherein n is an integer from 0 to 18.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
53 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 103, wherein said vinyl monomer is butadiene; wherein n is from 0 to about 14.3; wherein the molar ratio of said epoxy resin terminator to said statistical monofunctional carboxyl-terminated reactive polymer is from about 0.9 to about 20; and wherein said vinyl monomer is copolymerized with acrylonitrile.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
23 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 105, wherein the polymer comprises from about 10 percent to about 26 percent by weight of acrylonitrile.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
80 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 102, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR150## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of solid polyamides, BF 3 monoethylamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and dicyandiamide.
Claim 116
Dependent Claim
81 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 106, wherein said first initiator is a difunctional organic azo compound or a peroxide; wherein said second nonfunctional initiator is a nonfunctional azo compound or a peroxide; wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR151## with n being an integer of from 0 to 18; and wherein said curing agent is selected from the group consisting of solid polyamides, BF 3 monoethylamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and dicyandiamide.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 102, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR152## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR153## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR154## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR155## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR156## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
157 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 106, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid having the general structural formula: ##STR157## wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 6, or a peroxide having the general structural formula: ##STR158## wherein R 6 is an alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein said second initiator is a bisazocyano represented by the general structural formula: ##STR159## wherein R 7 is an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein n is an integer from 0 to 6, or is an acyl peroxide represented by the following general structural formula: ##STR160## wherein R 8 is an alkyl having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR161## with n being an integer of from 0 to 14.3.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 102, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR162## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
99 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 106, wherein said first initiator is a bis-azocyano acid selected from the group consisting of azodicyanobutyric acid, and azodicyanovaleric acid (ADVA), or a peroxide selected from the group consisting of succinic acid peroxide, and glutaric acid peroxide; wherein said second initiator is 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile), or an acyl peroxide selected from the group consisting of diacetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, diisononanoyl peroxide, and dibenzoyl peroxide, and wherein the epoxy resin is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) which has the following structural formula ##STR163## with n being an integer of from 0 to 5.5.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
13 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 112, wherein the curing agent is dicyandiamide.
Claim 122
Dependent Claim
40 words
The epoxy resin system of claim 113, wherein the viscosity of said statistical monofunctional epoxy-terminated reactive liquid polymer is less than 500,000 mPa's, and wherein the number average molecular weight of said polymer is from about 200 to about 13,000.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-10-20 | 1996-04-20 | 1996-10-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-10-20 | 2000-04-20 | 2000-10-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-10-20 | 2004-04-20 | 2004-10-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |