US5139540A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Membrane separation of gases
Assignee: Texaco Inc
•
Filing: 1991-07-24
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Granted: 1992-08-18
•
Expires: 2011-07-24
Abstract
Abstract Mixture of gases such as hydrogen/carbon dioxide may be separated by use of membrane formed by reaction of an aluminium alkoxide with water vapor at high temperatures and pressures.
Inventors
- 👤 Mitri S. Najjar
- 👤 Uygur Kokturk
- 👤 Martin D. Hilmar
- 👤 Jeffrey C. Templeton
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 17:42
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D71/00; B01D71/02; B01D53/00; B01D53/22; B01D53/228; B01D67/00; B01D67/0039; B01D67/0048; B01D2323/00; B01D2323/08; B01D2323/081; B01D2323/10; B01D2325/00; B01D2325/02; B01D2325/0283
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
197 words
The method of separating a charge gas mixture containing a more permeable gas and a less permeable gas which comprises. passing a charge gas mixture containing a more permeable gas and a less permeable gas into contact with the charge side of a membrane of a high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups, said membrane being characterized by a narrow pore size distribution wherein the average Pore Diameter is less than about 40 Å and the Pore Size Distribution is such that at least about 99.5% of the pores have a diameter below 100A; maintaining a pressure on the charge side of said membrane greater than the pressure on the permeate side of said membrane thereby yielding a permeate containing increased quantity of said more permeable gas and decreased quantity of said less permeable gas and a retentate containing decreased quantity of said more permeable gas and an increased quantity of said less permeable gas; recovering from the permeate side of said membrane said permeate containing increased quantity of said more permeable gas and decreased quantity of said less permeable gas; and recovering said retentate containing decreased quantity of said less permeable gas.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
197 words
The method of separating a charge gas mixture containing a more permeable gas and a less permeable gas which comprises. passing a charge gas mixture containing a more permeable gas and a less permeable gas into contact with the charge side of a membrane of a high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups, said membrane being characterized by a narrow pore size distribution wherein the average Pore Diameter is less than about 40 Å and the Pore Size Distribution is such that at least about 99.5% of the pores have a diameter below 100A; maintaining a pressure on the charge side of said membrane greater than the pressure on the permeate side of said membrane thereby yielding a permeate containing increased quantity of said more permeable gas and decreased quantity of said less permeable gas and a retentate containing decreased quantity of said more permeable gas and an increased quantity of said less permeable gas; recovering from the permeate side of said membrane said permeate containing increased quantity of said more permeable gas and decreased quantity of said less permeable gas; and recovering said retentate containing decreased quantity of said less permeable gas.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
54 words
A membrane comprising a high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups and characterized by a narrow pore size distribution wherein the average Pore Diameter is less than about 40 Å and the Pore Size Distribution is such that at least about 99.5% of the pores have a diameter below 100A.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
54 words
A membrane comprising a high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups and characterized by a narrow pore size distribution wherein the average Pore Diameter is less than about 40 Å and the Pore Size Distribution is such that at least about 99.5% of the pores have a diameter below 100A.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
184 words
A membrane comprising a high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups and characterized by a narrow pore size distribution wherein the average Pore Diameter is less than about 40 Å and the Pore Size Distribution is such that at least about 99.5% of the pores have a diameter below 100A prepared by the method which comprises forming a mixture of an aluminum alkoxide, water, and acid peptizing agent, characterized by a mole ratio of water: alkoxide of 0.05-0.9:1; maintaining said mixture at temperature of 40° C.-95° C. for 2-18 hours whereby 2-80 mole % of hydrolyzed to form a peptized partially hydrolyzed mixture containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups; contacting the partially hydrolyzed mixture with water vapor at 100° C.-300° C. and 5-300 psig thereby forming a completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina; depositing said completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups on a support thereby forming a high purity alumina membrane on said support; and recovering said high purity alumina membrane on said support.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
184 words
A membrane comprising a high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups and characterized by a narrow pore size distribution wherein the average Pore Diameter is less than about 40 Å and the Pore Size Distribution is such that at least about 99.5% of the pores have a diameter below 100A prepared by the method which comprises forming a mixture of an aluminum alkoxide, water, and acid peptizing agent, characterized by a mole ratio of water: alkoxide of 0.05-0.9:1; maintaining said mixture at temperature of 40° C.-95° C. for 2-18 hours whereby 2-80 mole % of hydrolyzed to form a peptized partially hydrolyzed mixture containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups; contacting the partially hydrolyzed mixture with water vapor at 100° C.-300° C. and 5-300 psig thereby forming a completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina; depositing said completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups on a support thereby forming a high purity alumina membrane on said support; and recovering said high purity alumina membrane on said support.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
144 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum which comprises forming a mixture of an aluminum alkoxide, water, and acid peptizing agent, characterized by a mole ratio of water: alkoxide of 0.05-0.9:1; maintaining said mixture at temperature of 40° C.-95° C. for 2-18 hours whereby 2-80 mole % of said alkoxide is hydrolyzed to form a peptized partially hydrolyzed mixture containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups; contacting the partially hydrolyzed mixture with water vapor at elevated contacting temperature of 100° C.-300° C. and 5-300 psig thereby forming a completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina; depositing said completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups on a support thereby forming a high purity alumina membrane on said support; and recovering said high purity alumina membrane on said support.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
144 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum which comprises forming a mixture of an aluminum alkoxide, water, and acid peptizing agent, characterized by a mole ratio of water: alkoxide of 0.05-0.9:1; maintaining said mixture at temperature of 40° C.-95° C. for 2-18 hours whereby 2-80 mole % of said alkoxide is hydrolyzed to form a peptized partially hydrolyzed mixture containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups; contacting the partially hydrolyzed mixture with water vapor at elevated contacting temperature of 100° C.-300° C. and 5-300 psig thereby forming a completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina; depositing said completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups on a support thereby forming a high purity alumina membrane on said support; and recovering said high purity alumina membrane on said support.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said aluminum alkoxide is Al(OR) 3 wherein R is an alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or alkaryl hydrocarbon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said aluminum alkoxide is Al(OR) 3 wherein R is a lower alkyl.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said aluminum alkoxide is aluminum tri-isopropoxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said aluminum alkoxide is aluminum tri-sec-butoxide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said peptizing agent is nitric acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, or sulfuric acid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said peptizing agent is nitric acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said elevated contacting temperature is 100° C.-300° C. at a pressure of 5-300 psig after 1-10 minutes.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of forming a membrane, of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said high purity alumina contains residual alkoxide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum as claimed in claim 4 wherein said support is an alumina support.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
134 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum which comprises forming a mixture of aluminum tri-isopropoxide or aluminum tri-sec-butoxide as aluminum tri-alkoxide, water, and nitric acid peptizing agent characterized by a mole ratio of water: alkoxide of 0.2-0.6:1; maintaining said mixture at temperature of 40° C.-95 ° C. for 2-18 hours thereby forming a peptized partially hydrolyzed mixture containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups; contacting the partially hydrolyzed mixture with water vapor at 100° C.-300° C. and 5-300 psig thereby forming a completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina; depositing said completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxidede groups on a support thereby forming a high purity alumina membrane on said support; and recovering said high purity alumina membrane on said support.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
134 words
The method of forming a membrane of an oxide of aluminum which comprises forming a mixture of aluminum tri-isopropoxide or aluminum tri-sec-butoxide as aluminum tri-alkoxide, water, and nitric acid peptizing agent characterized by a mole ratio of water: alkoxide of 0.2-0.6:1; maintaining said mixture at temperature of 40° C.-95 ° C. for 2-18 hours thereby forming a peptized partially hydrolyzed mixture containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxide groups; contacting the partially hydrolyzed mixture with water vapor at 100° C.-300° C. and 5-300 psig thereby forming a completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina; depositing said completely hydrolyzed sol containing high purity alumina containing aluminum-oxygen repeating units and bearing alkoxidede groups on a support thereby forming a high purity alumina membrane on said support; and recovering said high purity alumina membrane on said support.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-08-18 | 1996-02-17 | 1996-08-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-08-18 | 2000-02-17 | 2000-08-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-02-17 | 2004-08-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |