Cosmetic composition for treating keratin fibres, and process for treating the latter

Claim 1

A composition for conditioning the hair which comprises, in a solvent medium, at least one cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of: 1) a quaternised or unquaternised vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymer; 2) a cationic polysaccharide; 3) a cationic polymer containing units of the formula --A--Z--A--Z-- (I), in which A denotes a radical containing two amino groups, and Z denotes the symbol B or B'; B and B', which are identical or different, denote a linear or branched aliphatic radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups or contains oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur atoms or 1 to 3 aromatic or heterocyclic rings; or of the formula: --A--Z 1 --A--Z 1 -- (II), in which A is as defined above and each Z 1 independently denotes the symbol B 1 or B' 1 but denotes B' 1 at least once; B 1 is a linear or branched alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical and B' 1 is a linear or branched alkylene radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more hydroxyl radicals or which is interrupted by one or more nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen atom being substituted by an alkyl chain or an alkyl chain interrupted by an oxygen atom or an alkyl chain containing one or more hydroxyl groups; or an alkylation product of a polymer of formula (I) or (II) with an alkyl or benzyl halide or a lower alkyl tosylate or mesylate, or an oxidation product of a polymer of formula (I) or (II); 4) a polyaminopolyamide; 5) a crosslinked polyaminopolyamide which is: a) a crosslinked polyaminopolyamide obtained by crosslinking a polyaminopoloyamide, prepared by the polycondensation of an acid compound with a polyamine, with a crosslinking agent which is an epihalogenohydrin, diepoxide, dianhydride, unsaturated anhydride or bis-unsaturated derivative, the crosslinking agent being used in an amount of 0.025 to 0.35 mole per amine group of the polyaminoamide or an alkylated said crosslinked polyaminopolyamide; b) a water-soluble crosslinked polyaminopolyamide obtained by crosslinking a polyaminopolyamide defined above with a crosslinking agent which is: I--a bis-halogenohydrin, bis-azetidinium compound, bis-halogenoacyl-diamine or alkylene di-halide, II--an oligomer obtained by reacting a compound from group I, or an epihalogenohydrin, diepoxide of bis-unsaturated derivative, with a difunctional compound which is reactive towards these compounds, or III--a quaternisation product of a compound from group I or an oligomer from group II, containing tertiary amine groups which can be totally or partially alkylated, with an alkylating agent, the crosslinking being carried out with 0.025 to 0.35 mol of crosslinking agent per amine group of the polyaminopolyamide; or c) a polyaminopolyamide derivative resulting from the condensation of a polyalkylene-polyamine with a polycarboxylic acid, followed by alkylation with a difunctional agent; 6) a polymer obtained by reacting a polyalkylene-polyamine containing two primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with a dicarboxylic acid which is diglycolic acid or a saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, the molar ratio of the polyalkylene-polyamine to the dicarboxylic acid being from 0.8:1 to 1.4:1, and the resulting polyamide being reacted with epichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to the secondary amine group of the polyamide of 0.5:1 to 1.8:1; 7) a cyclic polymer containing chain units corresponding to the formula: ##STR18## in which l and t are equal to 0 or 1 such that l+t=1, R" denotes hydrogen or methyl, R and R' independently of one another denote an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atom, a hydroxyalkyl group, or a lower amidoalkyl group, or R and R' denote, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group, and Y.sup.⊖ is an anion, or a copolymer containing units of the formula (VII) or (VII') and units derived from acrylamide or from diacetone-acrylamide; 8) a poly-(quaternary ammonium) compound of the formula: ##STR19## in which R 1 and R 2 , and R 3 and R 4 , which are identical or different, represent an aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic radical containing at most 20 carbon atoms, or a lower hydroxyaliphatic radical, or R 1 and R 2 or R 3 and R 4 together form, with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached, a heterocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring containing a second hetero-atom other than nitrogen, or alternatively, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent the group: ##STR20## R' 3 denoting hydrogen or lower alkyl and R' 4 denoting: ##STR21## R' 5 denoting lower alkyl, R' 6 denoting hydrogen or lower alkyl, R' 7 denoting alkylene and D denoting a quaternary ammonium group, A 2 and B 2 independently represent a polyaliphatic group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which can be linear and saturated or unsaturated or which can contain, inserted in the main chain, one or more aromatic rings or one or more groups --(CH 2 ) n --Y 1 --(CH 2 ) n --, with Y 1 denoting O, S, SO, SO 2 , --S--S--, ##STR22## with X.sup.⊖ 1 denoting an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid, n being 2 or 3, R' 8 denoting hydrogen or lower alkyl and R' 9 denoting lower alkyl, or alternatively A 2 and R 1 and R 3 together form a piperazine ring with the two nitrogen atoms to which they are attached; further, if A 2 denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, B 2 can also denote a group: --CH 2 ) n --CO--D--OC--(CH 2 ) n , in which D denotes: a) a glycol radical of the formula --O--Z--O-- in which z denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical or a group corresponding to the formula: --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O.sub.x CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or ##STR23## in which x and y denotes an integer from 1 to 4; b) a bis-secondary diamino radical; c) a bis-primary diamino radical of the formula: --NH--Y--NH--, in which Y denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical or the divalent radical --CH 2 CH 2 --S--S--CH 2 --CH 2 ; or d) a ureylene group of the formula --NH--CO--NH--; n is such that the molecular weight is from 1,000 to 100,000, and X.sup.⊖ denotes an anion; 9) a homopolymer or copolymer derived from acrylic or methacrylic acid and containing at least one unit: ##STR24## in which R 7 is H or CH 3 , A 1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 8 , R 9 and R 10 , which are identical or different, denote an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, R 5 and R 6 represent H or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and X 1 .sup.⊖ denotes a methosulphate or halide anion; 10) a quaternary vinylpyrrolidone/vinylimidazole copolymer; 11) a polyalkyleneimine; 12) a polymer containing vinylpyridine units or vinylpyridinium units in the chain; 13) a condensate of a polyamine and epichlorohydrin; 14) a poly-(quaternary ureylene) compound; 15) a chitin derivative; and 16) a cationic silicone polymer; and at least one amphoteric polymer of betainised dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate or dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamide containing units of the formula: ##STR25## in which R 1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 2 denotes an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y denotes O or NH and R 3 and R 4 independently denote a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.