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Production of biologically degradable films

Assignee: Biodata Oy
•
Filing: 1990-10-04
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Granted: 1992-07-28
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Expires: 2010-10-04
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Abstract

Abstract A biologically degradable film is prepared consisting of a synthetic polymer and a biologically degradable polymer. The biologically degradable polymer is divided into small particles in an aqueous suspension by means of enzymes that split and release small molecules from the surface of the biopolymer particles. After achieving desired particle size, an emulsion is formed with vegetable oil and the particles coated with enzyme protein become coated with vegetable oil, which at the same time interrupts the degradation of the biopolymer particles by the enzyme. The coated particles with the oil are separated from the suspension to remove small molecules after which the particles are re-dried and then pulverized. The final film is prepared in a film extruder in which the biopolymer is mixed with the synthetic polymer and possibly other additives that are generally used informing polymer films.

Inventors

  • 👤 Hannu L. Suominen

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-01 17:07
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01G; A01G13/00; A01G13/30; A01G13/32; A01G13/33; C; C08; C08J; C08J5/00; C08J5/18; C08L; C08L101/00; C08L23/00; C08L23/02; C08L23/04; C09; C09K; C09K17/00; C09K17/52; C08L3/00; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A40/00; Y02A40/10; Y02A40/28; Y10; Y10S; Y10S260/00; Y10S260/43; Y10S525/00; Y10S525/938; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/25; Y10T428/254; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2998

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim 180 words
Method of preparing a biologically degradable film composed of non-biologically degradable synthetic polymer and a biologically degradable polymer, which comprises subjecting particles of said biologically degradable polymer (biopolymer) in aqueous suspension to enzymes that split said biologically degradable polymer to small molecules which are released from the surface of the biopolymer particles and continuing the subjecting of said biologically degradable polymer to said enzymes until particles of predetermined small size are obtained, emulsifying the thus formed biopolymer particles of predetermined small size with a vegetable oil to coat the thus formed particles with the vegetable oil, thus isolating the enzyme from the water of the aqueous suspension and interrupting the degradation of the biopolymers by the enzymes, the enzymes remaining on the biopolymer particles, separating the thus vegetable oil-coated particles from the suspension, drying and then pulverizing the same, and mixing the thus obtained pulverized biopolymer particles with said synthetic polymer and forming a film therefrom in a film extruder, wherein the biopolymer degradation continues only after oxidation of the oil film which permits contact of the enzymes with moisture.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 180 words
Method of preparing a biologically degradable film composed of non-biologically degradable synthetic polymer and a biologically degradable polymer, which comprises subjecting particles of said biologically degradable polymer (biopolymer) in aqueous suspension to enzymes that split said biologically degradable polymer to small molecules which are released from the surface of the biopolymer particles and continuing the subjecting of said biologically degradable polymer to said enzymes until particles of predetermined small size are obtained, emulsifying the thus formed biopolymer particles of predetermined small size with a vegetable oil to coat the thus formed particles with the vegetable oil, thus isolating the enzyme from the water of the aqueous suspension and interrupting the degradation of the biopolymers by the enzymes, the enzymes remaining on the biopolymer particles, separating the thus vegetable oil-coated particles from the suspension, drying and then pulverizing the same, and mixing the thus obtained pulverized biopolymer particles with said synthetic polymer and forming a film therefrom in a film extruder, wherein the biopolymer degradation continues only after oxidation of the oil film which permits contact of the enzymes with moisture.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 12 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein said synthetic polymer is a polyolefin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 18 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein said biologically degradable polymer is starch, cellulose, rye flour or wheat flour.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 12 words
Method according to claim 3 wherein said synthetic polymer is a polyolefin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 27 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein a catalyst which catalyzes oxidation of the oil is added to the biopolymer and synthetic polymer to form the film therefrom.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 14 words
Method according to claim 5 wherein said catalyst is an oxidant for vegetable oils.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 29 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the pulverized biopolymer particles are granulated with a synthetic polymer film forming material and the formed granulate is then extruded into a film.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 32 words
Method according to claim 7 wherein a catalyst which catalyzes oxidation of the oil is mixed with the synthetic film forming polymer before said film forming polymer is mixed with the biopolymer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 15 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the predetermined particle size is between about 0.5-10 μm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 26 words
Method according to claim 7 wherein the amount of the biologically degradable polymer in the mixture thereof with the synthetic polymer is about 60-80% by weight.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 15 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the vegetable oil is soya, rape or sunflower oil.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 50 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the biopolymer is a starch and the enzyme is α-amylase, and wherein calcium chloride is added to the water and the water is heated to a temperature such that the pH, calcium ion concentration and temperature are suitable for α-amylase degradation of the starch.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 34 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the dried particles are pulverized by causing the same to collide with each other at high speed and at a temperature such as to obtain a dry material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 26 words
Method according to claim 7 wherein the granulation is effected by means of a screw extruder and the granulated particles are then subjected to air drying.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 16 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the melting index of the synthetic polymer is about 4.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 22 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the proportion of biopolymer to synthetic polymer is about 10-60% biopolymer and about 40-90% synthetic polymer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 17 words
Method according to claim 16 and also including about 0.01-0.1% catalyst which catalyzes oxidation of the oil.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 41 words
Method according to claim 8 wherein said catalyst is an oxidant for vegetable oils providing Fe 3+ , Se 2+ , Cu 2+ or Zn 2+ and the amount thereof is between 0.05-1% by weight of the catalyst and synthetic polymer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 24 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the biologically degradable polymer is a starch and wherein the enzyme is α-amylase that splits dextrins from starch.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 24 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the biologically degradable polymer is a cellulose and wherein the enzyme is endoglucanase that splits cellodextrins from cellulose.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 24 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the biologically degradable polymer is a cellulose and wherein the enzyme is cellobiohydrolase that splits cellobiose from cellulose.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3907726A Cited
US4021388A Cited
US4207221A Cited
US3909468A Cited
US3952347A Cited
US5003022A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1995-07-28 1996-01-27 1996-07-28 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1999-07-28 2000-01-27 2000-07-28 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2003-07-28 2004-01-27 2004-07-28 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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