US5123836A — Method for the combustion treatment of toxic gas-…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 174 words

A method for the combustion treatment of a toxic gas which forms microparticles by combustion, said method comprising: providing a combustion chamber having a cylindrical interior surface with a top rim and a bottom rim; a top joined to said top rim and a bottom joined to said bottom rim to close the combustion chamber; a burner nozzle extending into said combustion chamber; at least one water inlet; and an outlet; forming a downwardly flowing film of aqueous liquid over the whole of said cylindrical surface, from said top rim to said bottom rim; and passing the toxic gas through the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas, said microparticles and combustion gas having a linear velocity toward the outlet less than 0.05 meter/second to provide a residence time of the microparticles within said combustion chamber sufficiently long that said microparticles are captured within said combustion chamber by the aqueous liquid and removed from the combustion chamber through the outlet.

Claim 2

Independent Claim 174 words

A method for the combustion treatment of a toxic gas which forms microparticles by combustion, said method comprising: providing a combustion chamber having a cylindrical interior surface with a top rim and a bottom rim; a top joined to said top rim and a bottom joined to said bottom rim to close the combustion chamber; a burner nozzle extending into said combustion chamber; at least one water inlet; and an outlet; forming a downwardly flowing film of aqueous liquid over the whole of said cylindrical surface, from said top rim to said bottom rim; and passing the toxic gas through the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas, said microparticles and combustion gas having a linear velocity toward the outlet less than 0.05 meter/second to provide a residence time of the microparticles within said combustion chamber sufficiently long that said microparticles are captured within said combustion chamber by the aqueous liquid and removed from the combustion chamber through the outlet.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 18 words

The method of claim 1 additionally comprising forming a water film on the surface of the burner nozzle.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method of claim 2 further comprising forming a water film covering the top and the bottom of the combustion chamber.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 11 words

The method of claim 2 wherein said microparticles are solid oxides.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method of claim 1 further comprising forming a water film covering the top and the bottom of the combustion chamber.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 47 words

The method of claim 1 further comprising passing an oxygen-containing gas through the burner nozzle, the burner nozzle having separate conduits for the toxic gas and the oxygen-containing gas whereby the toxic gas and oxygen-containing gas are prevented from mixing prior to exit from the burner nozzle.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 45 words

The method of claim 1 further comprising injecting an aqueous spray into said combustion chamber transverse to the flow of said microparticles and combustion gas to cool the combustion gas within the combustion chamber and to capture a portion of the microparticles in the spray.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 55 words

The method of claim 6 wherein said oxygen-containing gas contains at least 60% by volume oxygen and is introduced into the combustion chamber at a rate serving to maintain the amount of inflammable gases in the combustion gas within the combustion chamber at less than 4 volumetric parts per volumetric part of toxic gas introduced.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 16 words

The method according to claim 8, wherein the oxygen-containing gas has an oxygen content of 100%.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 129 words

A method according to claim 1, wherein the toxic gas is introduced into the combustion chamber through a backfire preventing device and a first valve in a pipe and wherein an adsorption tower is connected to the pipe through a second valve, and the toxic gas is normally supplied to the combustion chamber by opening the first valve while keeping the second valve closed, but the toxic gas is routed to the adsorption tower by opening the second valve while keeping the first valve closed responsive to any abnormal increase of the pressure across a system serving as a source of the toxic gas, responsive to extinguishment of the flame at the burner nozzle and responsive to detection of any inflammable gas in the gas discharged through the outlet.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 58 words

A method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure within the combustion chamber is balanced with a constant pressure exterior to the combustion chamber by a buffer having a flexible material separating the combustion chamber from the exterior at said constant pressure, the volume of the buffer changing to absorb any variation in pressure within the combustion furnace.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 12 words

A method according to claim 11, wherein the exterior is open air.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 17 words

A method according to claim 11, wherein the exterior is a space at superatmosphereic or subatmospheric pressure.

Claim 15

Independent Claim 288 words

A method for the combustion treatment of a toxic gas which forms microparticles by combustion, said method comprising: providing a combustion chamber having a cylindrical interior surface with a top rim and a bottom rim; a top joined to said top rim and a bottom joined to said bottom rim to close the combustion chamber; a burner nozzle having a plurality of separate gas passage and extending into said combustion chamber; at least one water inlet; and an outlet; passing the toxic gas through at least one of the gas passages in the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas containing steam; cooling said interior surface to condense said steam, thereby forming a downwardly flowing film of aqueous liquid over the whole of said cylindrical surface, from said top rim to said bottom rim, whereby a portion of the microparticles are captured by the water film; spraying an aqueous liquid into the combustion chamber transverse to the flow of said microparticles and combustion gas to capture an additional portion of the microparticles in the spray; feeding a combustion-supporting gas through at least a second of the gas passages in the burner nozzle, wherein said cpmbustion-supporting gas contains at least 60% by volume oxygen, and wherein said combustion gas and said microparticles have a linear velocity toward the outlet of less than 0.05 meter/second to provide a residence time of the microparticles within said combustion chamber sufficiently long that they are completely captured within said combustion chamber by the aqueous liquids, and wherein the amount of non-inflammable gas in the combustion gas is less than 4 volumetric parts per volumetric part of toxic gas introduced.

Claim 16

Independent Claim 288 words

A method for the combustion treatment of a toxic gas which forms microparticles by combustion, said method comprising: providing a combustion chamber having a cylindrical interior surface with a top rim and a bottom rim; a top joined to said top rim and a bottom joined to said bottom rim to close the combustion chamber; a burner nozzle having a plurality of separate gas passage and extending into said combustion chamber; at least one water inlet; and an outlet; passing the toxic gas through at least one of the gas passages in the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas containing steam; cooling said interior surface to condense said steam, thereby forming a downwardly flowing film of aqueous liquid over the whole of said cylindrical surface, from said top rim to said bottom rim, whereby a portion of the microparticles are captured by the water film; spraying an aqueous liquid into the combustion chamber transverse to the flow of said microparticles and combustion gas to capture an additional portion of the microparticles in the spray; feeding a combustion-supporting gas through at least a second of the gas passages in the burner nozzle, wherein said cpmbustion-supporting gas contains at least 60% by volume oxygen, and wherein said combustion gas and said microparticles have a linear velocity toward the outlet of less than 0.05 meter/second to provide a residence time of the microparticles within said combustion chamber sufficiently long that they are completely captured within said combustion chamber by the aqueous liquids, and wherein the amount of non-inflammable gas in the combustion gas is less than 4 volumetric parts per volumetric part of toxic gas introduced.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 22 words

The method of claim 14 wherein said cooling is effected by circulating a coolant through a jacket provided around the combustion chamber.

Claim 18

Independent Claim 253 words

A method for the combustion treatment of a toxic gas which forms microparticles by combustion, said method comprising: providing a combustion chamber having a cylindrical interior surface with a top rim and a bottom rim; a top joined to said top rim a gas-liquid separator joined to said bottom rim to close the combustion chamber; a burner nozzle extending into said combustion chamber; and at least one water inlet; passing the toxic gas through the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas; forming a downwardly flowing film of aqueous liquid over the whole of said cylindrical surface, form said top rim to said bottom rim, to capture a portion of the microparticles in the water film; spraying an aqueous liquid into said combustion chamber transverse to the flow of said microparticles and combustion gas to capture an additional portion of the microparticles in the spray; discharging the combustion gas and aqueous liquid from the combustion chamber through said gas-liquid separator; and passing the toxic gas through the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas, said microparticles and combustion gas having a linear speed toward the outlet less than 0.05 meter/second, to provide a residence time of the microparticles within said combustion chamber sufficiently long that they are captured within said combustion chamber by the aqueous liquids and removed from the combustion chamber through the outlet.

Claim 19

Independent Claim 253 words

A method for the combustion treatment of a toxic gas which forms microparticles by combustion, said method comprising: providing a combustion chamber having a cylindrical interior surface with a top rim and a bottom rim; a top joined to said top rim a gas-liquid separator joined to said bottom rim to close the combustion chamber; a burner nozzle extending into said combustion chamber; and at least one water inlet; passing the toxic gas through the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas; forming a downwardly flowing film of aqueous liquid over the whole of said cylindrical surface, form said top rim to said bottom rim, to capture a portion of the microparticles in the water film; spraying an aqueous liquid into said combustion chamber transverse to the flow of said microparticles and combustion gas to capture an additional portion of the microparticles in the spray; discharging the combustion gas and aqueous liquid from the combustion chamber through said gas-liquid separator; and passing the toxic gas through the burner nozzle and burning said toxic gas as it exits the burner nozzle to form the microparticles and a combustion gas, said microparticles and combustion gas having a linear speed toward the outlet less than 0.05 meter/second, to provide a residence time of the microparticles within said combustion chamber sufficiently long that they are captured within said combustion chamber by the aqueous liquids and removed from the combustion chamber through the outlet.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 44 words

A method according to claim 16, wherein the gas-liquid separator includes a packed bed containing pieces of a wire mesh of 10-100 mesh size and wherein said combustion gas and aqueous liquid is discharged first through said packed bed then subjected to gas-liquid separation.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 41 words

A method according to claim 16, wherein the aqueous liquid is separated from the combustion gas in the gas-liquid separator and is recycled to the combustion furnace and used therein to form the aqueous liquid film and the aqueous liquid spray.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 128 words

A method according to claim 16, wherein the toxic gas is introduced into the combustion chamber through a backfire preventing device and a first valve in a pipe and wherein an adsorption tower communicates with the pipe through a second valve, and the toxic gas is normally supplied to the combustion chamber by opening the first valve while keeping the second valve closed, but the toxic gas is routed to the adsorption tower by opening the second valve while keeping the first valve closed responsive to any abnormal increase of the pressure across a system serving as a source of the toxic gas, responsive to extinguishment of the flame at the burner nozzle and responsive to detection of any inflammable gas in the gas discharged through the outlet.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 58 words

A method according to claim 16, wherein the pressure within the combustion chamber is balanced with a constant pressure exterior to the combustion chamber by a buffer having a flexible material separating the combustion chamber from the exterior at said constant pressure, the volume of the buffer changing to absorb any variation in pressure within the combustion furnace.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 12 words

A method according to claim 20, wherein the exterior is open air.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 17 words

A method according to claim 20, wherein the exterior is a space at superatmospheric or subatmospheric pressure.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1995-06-23	1995-12-23	1996-06-23	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1999-06-23	1999-12-23	2000-06-23	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	2003-06-23	2003-12-23	2004-06-23	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Method for the combustion treatment of toxic gas-containing waste gas

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