Method for reducing the combustibility of combustible materials

Claim 1

A method for reducing the combustibility and increasing the water resistance of a compatible combustible material comprising: treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof, wherein the silane has the general formula: ##STR8## wherein the siloxane has the general formula: ##STR9## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or Y wherein H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is hydrogen, RNR or RNG wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group; and Y is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkeny group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the aklyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkeny substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms, wherein Y is substituted with at least one bromine atom or at least one iodine atom, with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is Y in the composition and the Y group is connected to a silicon atom of the silane or siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

Claim 2

A method for reducing the combustibility and increasing the water resistance of a compatible combustible material comprising: treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof, wherein the silane has the general formula: ##STR8## wherein the siloxane has the general formula: ##STR9## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or Y wherein H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is hydrogen, RNR or RNG wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group; and Y is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkeny group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the aklyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkeny substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms, wherein Y is substituted with at least one bromine atom or at least one iodine atom, with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is Y in the composition and the Y group is connected to a silicon atom of the silane or siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

Claim 20

A method for reducing the combustibility and increasing the water resistance of a compatible combustible material comprising: treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof, wherein the silane has the general formula: ##STR10## wherein the siloxane has the general formula: ##STR11## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or Q wherein H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkeny group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; x is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group; and Q is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkeny group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms, wherein Q is substituted with at least one --EH x R b group, wherein when x+b=1, then E is (E) m wherein m is an integer of 1-5 and E is sulfur or selenium, when x+b=2, then E is aluminum, phosphorus or arsenic, and when x+b=3, then E is silicon, germanium, or tin, with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is Q in the composition, wherein the Q group is attached to a silicon atom in the silane or siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

Claim 21

A method for reducing the combustibility and increasing the water resistance of a compatible combustible material comprising: treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof, wherein the silane has the general formula: ##STR10## wherein the siloxane has the general formula: ##STR11## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or Q wherein H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkeny group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; x is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group; and Q is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkeny group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms, wherein Q is substituted with at least one --EH x R b group, wherein when x+b=1, then E is (E) m wherein m is an integer of 1-5 and E is sulfur or selenium, when x+b=2, then E is aluminum, phosphorus or arsenic, and when x+b=3, then E is silicon, germanium, or tin, with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is Q in the composition, wherein the Q group is attached to a silicon atom in the silane or siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

Claim 38

A method for reducing the combustibility and increasing the water resistance of a compatible combustible material comprising: treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof, wherein the silane has the general formula: ##STR12## wherein the siloxane has the general formula: ##STR13## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or D wherein H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNG wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group; and D is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms, wherein D is substituted with at least one moiety comprising an element capable of forming a covalent bond with carbon having an average bond energy of 72 kcal/mol or less, with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is D in the composition, wherein the D group is connected to a silicon in the silane or the siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.

Claim 39

A method for reducing the combustibility and increasing the water resistance of a compatible combustible material comprising: treating the compatible combustible material with an effective amount of a fire retardant composition comprising a silane or a siloxane or combination thereof, wherein the silane has the general formula: ##STR12## wherein the siloxane has the general formula: ##STR13## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected from the group consisting essentially of H, R, X, or D wherein H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from the group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; X is selected from a group consisting essentially of a halogen, hydroxyl group, RO group wherein O is oxygen, RNR or RNG wherein N is nitrogen, or carboxylic group; and D is selected from a group consisting essentially of an alkyl group containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof, wherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms, wherein D is substituted with at least one moiety comprising an element capable of forming a covalent bond with carbon having an average bond energy of 72 kcal/mol or less, with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is D in the composition, wherein the D group is connected to a silicon in the silane or the siloxane formula by a carbon atom, and wherein the silicon fire retardant composition containing moiety is substantially chemically bonded to the compatible combustible material and the Y group is substantially chemically bonded to the silicon moiety whereby the Y group substantially cannot be removed from the silicon moiety by water washing.