US5104560A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Anti-wear additive for refrigeration oil
Assignee: CALUMET INDUSTRIES Inc A CORP OF
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Filing: 1989-12-05
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Granted: 1992-04-14
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Expires: 2009-12-05
Abstract
Abstract Refrigeration oil compositions, additives for forming such compositions, and refrigeration charges comprising a refrigeration oil composition combined with a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant. The improvement is incorporation the refrigeration oil of a halogenated paraffin as an antiwear additive. Surprisingly, this additive does not substantially decrease the sealed tube stability of the composition, nor does it raise the floc point of the composition when used in an amount effective to increase the Falex failure load of the refrigeration oil composition.
Inventors
- 👤 James F. Huster
- 👤 Gerald J. Lepinske
- 👤 Jerry L. Meinzer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 11:46
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M169/00; C10M169/04; C10M101/00; C10M101/02; C10M131/00; C10M131/14; C10M171/00; C10M171/008; C10M2203/00; C10M2203/10; C10M2203/1006; C10M2203/102; C10M2203/1025; C10M2203/104; C10M2203/1045; C10M2203/106; C10M2203/1065; C10M2203/108; C10M2203/1085; C10M2211/00; C10M2211/02; C10M2211/022; C10M2211/06; C10M2211/08; C10N; C10N2040/00; C10N2040/30; C10N2040/32; C10N2040/34; C10N2040/36; C10N2040/38; C10N2040/40; C10N2040/42; C10N2040/44; C10N2040/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 63
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
An antiwear additive composition for refrigeration oil, said additive comprising: at least 25% by weight of a refined oil having a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of less than about 1%; and at least 25% by weight of a halogenated paraffin having a carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from 20% to 70% by weight; wherein said composition is essentially free of sulfur.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
82 words
An antiwear additive composition for refrigeration oil, said additive comprising: at least 25% by weight of a refined oil having a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of less than about 1%; and at least 25% by weight of a halogenated paraffin having a carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from 20% to 70% by weight; wherein said composition is essentially free of sulfur.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said refined oil is selected from the group consisting of yellow refrigeration oil, white refrigeration oil, and combinations thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said refined oil is yellow refrigeration oil.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said refined oil is white refrigeration oil.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said refined oil consists essentially of naphthenic oil.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said halogenated paraffin has an average alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said halogenated paraffin has an average alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said halogenated paraffin has a combined halogen content of from about 30% to about 60% by weight.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said halogenated paraffin has a combined halogen content of from about 40% to about 50% by weight.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein the halogen of said halogenated paraffin consists essentially of chlorine.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 1, comprising from about 25% to about 50% by weight of said refined oil and from about 50% by weight to about 75% by weight of said halogenated paraffin.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 1, wherein said refined oil is essentially free of nonhalogenated paraffin.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
145 words
A refrigeration lubricant composition consisting essentially of: at least 50% by weight of a refined oil selected from the group consisting of naphthenic oils, paraffins, and mixtures thereof, said refined oil having a sealed tube stability value, at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours, of less than about 1% decomposition; and a sufficient quantity of a halogenated paraffin, having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from about 20% to about 70% by weight, to increase the Falex failure load of said composition; wherein said composition has a floc point of about minus 15° F. (-26° C.) or lower and a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of no more than about 0.3% greater decomposition than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
145 words
A refrigeration lubricant composition consisting essentially of: at least 50% by weight of a refined oil selected from the group consisting of naphthenic oils, paraffins, and mixtures thereof, said refined oil having a sealed tube stability value, at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours, of less than about 1% decomposition; and a sufficient quantity of a halogenated paraffin, having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from about 20% to about 70% by weight, to increase the Falex failure load of said composition; wherein said composition has a floc point of about minus 15° F. (-26° C.) or lower and a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of no more than about 0.3% greater decomposition than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said refined oil is selected from the group consisting of yellow refrigeration oil, white refrigeration oil, and combinations thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said refined oil is yellow refrigeration oil.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said refined oil is white refrigeration oil.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said refined oil consists essentially of naphthenic oil.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said halogenated paraffin has an average alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said halogenated paraffin has an average alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said halogenated paraffin has a combined halogen content of from about 30% to about 60% by weight.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said halogenated paraffin has a combined halogen content of from about 40% to about 50% by weight.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein the halogen of said halogenated paraffin consists essentially of chlorine.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 13, comprising from about 75% to about 99.5% by weight of said refined oil and from about 0.5% by weight to about 25% by weight of said halogenated paraffin.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 13, comprising from about 90% to about 99% by weight of said refined oil and from about 1% by weight to about 10% by weight of said halogenated paraffin.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 13, comprising from about 95% to about 99% by weight of said refined oil and from about 1% by weight to about 5% by weight of said halogenated paraffin.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 13, which is essentially free of elements selected from the group consisting of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 13, having a Falex failure load of at least about 1000 pounds (4400 Newtons).
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 13, having a Falex failure load of at least about 2000 pounds (8900 Newtons).
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 13, having a Falex failure load of at least about 3000 pounds (13,000 Newtons).
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said floc point is about minus 40° F. (-40° C.) or lower.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said floc point is about minus 50° F. (-46° C.) or lower.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein said floc point is about minus 60° F. (-51° C.) or lower.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 13, which has a floc point no more than about 5° F. (2.8° C.) higher than the said floc point of said refined oil.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composition of claim 13, wherein the said sealed tube stability of said composition is no more than about 0.2% greater decomposition than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 13, which is essentially free of nonhalogenated paraffin wax.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
152 words
A refrigeration lubricant composition comprising: at least 50% by weight of a refined oil selected from the group consisting of naphthenic oils, paraffins, and mixtures thereof, said refined oil having a sealed tube stability value, at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours, of less than about 1% decomposition; and a sufficient quantity of a halogenated paraffin, having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from about 20% to about 70% by weight, to increase the Falex failure load of said composition; wherein said composition has a floc point of about minus 15° F. (-26° C.) or lower and a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of no more than about 0.3% greater decomposition than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil; and wherein said composition is essentially free of sulfur.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
152 words
A refrigeration lubricant composition comprising: at least 50% by weight of a refined oil selected from the group consisting of naphthenic oils, paraffins, and mixtures thereof, said refined oil having a sealed tube stability value, at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours, of less than about 1% decomposition; and a sufficient quantity of a halogenated paraffin, having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from about 20% to about 70% by weight, to increase the Falex failure load of said composition; wherein said composition has a floc point of about minus 15° F. (-26° C.) or lower and a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of no more than about 0.3% greater decomposition than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil; and wherein said composition is essentially free of sulfur.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
168 words
A refrigerant and lubrication oil composition consisting essentially of from about 1% to about 30% by weight of a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant and from about 70% to about 99% by weight of a lubricant, wherein said lubricant comprises: at least 50% by weight of a refined oil having a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of less than about 1% decomposition; and a sufficient quantity of a halogenated paraffin, having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from about 20% to about 70% by weight, to increase the Falex failure load of said lubricant; wherein said lubricant has a floc point of about minus 15° F. (-26° C.) or lower and a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of no more than about 0.3% greater than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil; and wherein said composition is essentially free of sulfur.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
168 words
A refrigerant and lubrication oil composition consisting essentially of from about 1% to about 30% by weight of a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant and from about 70% to about 99% by weight of a lubricant, wherein said lubricant comprises: at least 50% by weight of a refined oil having a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of less than about 1% decomposition; and a sufficient quantity of a halogenated paraffin, having an average carbon chain length of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms and a combined halogen content of from about 20% to about 70% by weight, to increase the Falex failure load of said lubricant; wherein said lubricant has a floc point of about minus 15° F. (-26° C.) or lower and a sealed tube stability value at 200° F. (93° C.) for 48 hours of no more than about 0.3% greater than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil; and wherein said composition is essentially free of sulfur.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said refined oil is selected from the group consisting of yellow refrigeration oil, white refrigeration oil, and combinations thereof.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said refined oil is yellow refrigeration oil.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said refined oil is white refrigeration oil.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said refined oil consists essentially of naphthenic oil.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said halogenated paraffin has an average alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said halogenated paraffin has an average alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 15 carbon atoms.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said halogenated paraffin has a combined halogen content of from about 30% to about 60% by weight.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said halogenated paraffin has a combined halogen content of from about 40% to about 50% by weight.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein the halogen of said halogenated paraffin consists essentially of chlorine.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 37 wherein said lubricant comprises from about 75% to about 99.5% by weight of said refined oil and from about 0.5% by weight to about 25% by weight of said halogenated paraffin.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said lubricant comprises from about 90% to about 99% by weight of said refined oil and from about 1% by weight to about 10% by weight of said halogenated paraffin.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said lubricant comprises from about 95% to about 99% by weight of said refined oil and from about 1% by weight to about 5% by weight of said halogenated paraffin.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 37, which is essentially free of elements selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and oxygen.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said lubricant has a Falex failure load of at least about 1000 pounds (4400 Newtons).
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said lubricant has a Falex failure load of at least about 2000 pounds (8900 Newtons).
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said lubricant has a Falex failure load of at least about 3000 pounds (13,000 Newtons).
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said floc point is about minus 40° F. (-40° C.) or lower.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said floc point is about minus 50° F. (-46° C.) or lower.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said floc point is about minus 60° F. (-51° C.) or lower.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said lubricant has a floc point no more than 5° F. (2.8° C.) higher than the floc point of said refined oil.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein the said sealed tube stability of said lubricant is no more than about 0.2% greater decomposition than the said sealed tube stability of said refined oil.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 37, wherein said refined oil is essentially free of nonhalogenated paraffin wax.
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