US5089047A
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US
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Ceramic-metal articles and methods of manufacture
Assignee: Verizon Laboratories Inc
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Filing: 1990-12-20
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Granted: 1992-02-18
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Expires: 2010-12-20
Abstract
Abstract A dense cermet article including about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase. The granular hard phase consists essentially of a ceramic material selected from the hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, and borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, and mixtures thereof. The metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a weight ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, or carbon, or combinations thereof. In the preferred metal phase, an amount of about 15-80% by volume of the metal phase component exhibits a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure. The article may be produced by presintering the hard phase - metal phase component mixture in a vacuum or inert atmosphere at about 1475°-1675° C., then densifying by hot isostatic pressing at a temperature of about 1575°-1675° C., in an inert atmosphere, and at about 34-207 MPa pressure. Limiting the presintering temperature to 1475°-1575° C. and keeping the presintering temperature at least 50° C. below the not pressing temperature produces an article of gradated hardness, harder at the surface than at the core.
Inventors
- 👤 Sergej T. Buljan
- 👤 Helmut Lingertat
- 👤 Steven F. Wayne
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 23:44
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22C; C22C29/00; C22C29/005; C22C29/02; C22C29/06; C22C29/067; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12021; Y10T428/12458
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
146 words
A ceramic-metal article comprising: about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase consisting essentially of a ceramic material selected from the group consisting of hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, and borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, and mixtures thereof; and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase, wherein said metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a weight ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, carbon, and combinations thereof; wherein said article has a density of at least about 95% of theoretical and has a hardness gradated from a greater hardness at its surface to a lesser hardness at its core.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
146 words
A ceramic-metal article comprising: about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase consisting essentially of a ceramic material selected from the group consisting of hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, and borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, and mixtures thereof; and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase, wherein said metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a weight ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, carbon, and combinations thereof; wherein said article has a density of at least about 95% of theoretical and has a hardness gradated from a greater hardness at its surface to a lesser hardness at its core.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
An article in accordance with claim 1 wherein said metal phase comprises about 7-15% by volume of said article.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
57 words
An article in accordance with claim 1 wherein said article is coated with one or more adherent, compositionally distinct layers, each layer being selected from the group consisting of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride, tantalum carbide, tantalum nitride, tantalum carbonitride, hafnium carbide, hafnium nitride, hafnium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, mixtures thereof and solid solutions thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
An article in accordance with claim 1 wherein said metal phase consists essentially of a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure or a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure coexistent with or modified by said additive.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
47 words
An article in accordance with claim 1 wherein said metal phase comprises a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure or a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure coexistent with or modified by said additive, present in an amount of about 15-80% by volume of said metal phase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
48 words
An article in accordance with claim 5 wherein said metal phase comprises a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure or a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure coexistent with or modified by said additive, in an amount of less than about 50% by volume of said metal phase.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
An article in accordance with claim 1 wherein said hard phase has an average grain size of about 0.5-20 μm.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
An article in accordance with claim 7 wherein said hard phase has an average grain size of about 0.5-5.0 μm, and said article is of a geometry suitable for use as a cutting tool.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
57 words
An article in accordance with claim 8 wherein said article is coated with one or more adherent, compositionally distinct layers, each layer being selected from the group consisting of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride, tantalum carbide, tantalum nitride, tantalum carbonitride, hafnium carbide, hafnium nitride, hafnium carbonitride, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, mixtures thereof and solid solutions thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
An article in accordance with claim 7 wherein said hard phase has an average grain size of about 5-20 μm.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
182 words
A ceramic-metal article comprising: about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase consisting essentially of a ceramic material selected from the hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, and borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, and mixtures thereof; and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase, wherein said metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a weight ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, carbon, and combinations thereof, wherein said metal phase comprises a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure or a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure coexistent with or modified by said additive, in an amount of about 15-80% by volume of said metal phase; wherein said article has a density of at least about 95% of theoretical and has a hardness gradated from a greater hardness at its surface to a lesser hardness at its core.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
182 words
A ceramic-metal article comprising: about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase consisting essentially of a ceramic material selected from the hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, and borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, and mixtures thereof; and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase, wherein said metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a weight ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, carbon, and combinations thereof, wherein said metal phase comprises a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure or a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure coexistent with or modified by said additive, in an amount of about 15-80% by volume of said metal phase; wherein said article has a density of at least about 95% of theoretical and has a hardness gradated from a greater hardness at its surface to a lesser hardness at its core.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
48 words
An article in accordance with claim 11 wherein said metal phase comprises a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure or a Ni 3 Al ordered crystal structure coexistent with or modified by said additive, in an amount of less than about 50% by volume of said metal phase.
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| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-02-17 | 1999-08-19 | 2000-02-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
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