US5083112A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Multi-layer thin-film eas marker
Assignee: 3M Co
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Filing: 1990-06-01
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Granted: 1992-01-21
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Expires: 2010-06-01
Abstract
Abstract A marker for use in magnetic-type electronic article surveillance systems, comprising a substrate on which are deposited a plurality of high permeability, low coercive force magnetic thin-films, each being separated from an adjacent magnetic thin-film by a non-magnetic thin-film. Each of the magnetic films have substantially the same permeability and coercive force, and the non-magnetic films are of a thickness to allow magnetostatic coupling while inhibiting exchange coupling. Accordingly, all of the magnetic thin-films reverse as a single entity and produce a sharp, readily distinguishable response.
Inventors
- 👤 Chester Piotrowski
- 👤 Charles L. Bruzzone
- 👤 T050832716G-Long
- 👤 Jerome W. McAllister
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 09:06
CPC Classifications
G; G08; G08B; G08B13/00; G08B13/22; G08B13/24; G08B13/2402; G08B13/2405; G08B13/2408; G08B13/2428; G08B13/2437; G08B13/2442; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
209 words
A marker for use with a magnetic-type electronic article surveillance system, which system produces in an interrogation zone alternating magnetic fields having average peak intensities of a few oersteds, said marker having a high permeability and a coercive force sufficiently low so as not to retain any given magnetization state and less than the average intensity encountered in said zone, such that upon exposure to such fields, the magnetization state of the marker is periodically reversed and a remotely detectable characteristic response is produced, said marker comprising: (a) a sheet-like, flexible substrate; (b) a plurality of magnetic thin-films deposited on said substrate, each of said magnetic thin-films having substantially the same high permeability and low coercive force; and (c) a non-magnetic thin-film between each pair of adjacent magnetic thin-films, each said non-magnetic thin-film having a thickness not less than one nm and not more than that of the adjacent magnetic thin-films so as to allow magnetostatic coupling between adjacent magnetic thin-films, and yet sufficiently thick to inhibit exchange coupling between adjacent magnetic films, whereby magnetization states in all of said magnetostatically coupled magnetic thin-films may reverse substantially as a single entity upon exposure to said interrogation fields and thus produce a said response which is sharp and readily distinguishable.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
209 words
A marker for use with a magnetic-type electronic article surveillance system, which system produces in an interrogation zone alternating magnetic fields having average peak intensities of a few oersteds, said marker having a high permeability and a coercive force sufficiently low so as not to retain any given magnetization state and less than the average intensity encountered in said zone, such that upon exposure to such fields, the magnetization state of the marker is periodically reversed and a remotely detectable characteristic response is produced, said marker comprising: (a) a sheet-like, flexible substrate; (b) a plurality of magnetic thin-films deposited on said substrate, each of said magnetic thin-films having substantially the same high permeability and low coercive force; and (c) a non-magnetic thin-film between each pair of adjacent magnetic thin-films, each said non-magnetic thin-film having a thickness not less than one nm and not more than that of the adjacent magnetic thin-films so as to allow magnetostatic coupling between adjacent magnetic thin-films, and yet sufficiently thick to inhibit exchange coupling between adjacent magnetic films, whereby magnetization states in all of said magnetostatically coupled magnetic thin-films may reverse substantially as a single entity upon exposure to said interrogation fields and thus produce a said response which is sharp and readily distinguishable.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
A marker according to claim 1, wherein said substrate and thin-films are substantially rectangular, having a ratio of major to minor length not exceeding three.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
A marker according to claim 2, wherein said ratio is one.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
A marker according to claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises a polymeric material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
A marker according to claim 4, wherein said polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of polyimides and polyesters.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A marker according to claim 1, comprising magnetic thin-films having significantly anisotropic magnetic properties.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
A marker according to claim 6, wherein an easy axis of magnetization associated with all magnetic thin-films is substantially the same direction such that the marker exhibits a substantially undirectional response.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
37 words
A marker according to claim 6, wherein an easy axis of magnetization associated with some of the magnetic thin-films is substantially perpendicular to that of other magnetic thin-films such that the marker exhibits a substantially bi-directional response.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
A marker according to claim 6, wherein a first plurality of magnetic thin-films have a first easy axis of magnetization and a second plurality of magnetic thin-films have an easy axis of magnetization different from said first axis.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A marker according to claim 1, comprising magnetic thin-films formed of a nickel and iron alloy.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A marker according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic thin-films exhibit substantially zero magnetostriction.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
A marker according to claim 1, comprising substantially amorphous magnetic thin-films.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
49 words
A marker according to claim 1, further comprising at least one remanently magnetizable layer, which when magnetized, magnetically biases the magnetic thin-films and thereby alters said response, thereby causing the marker to alternately have a sensitized and de-sensitized state, depending upon whether the magnetizable layer is magnetized or demagnetized.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
A marker according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesive layer for enabling the marker to be affixed to articles to be protected.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
A marker according to claim 14, still further comprising a release liner for protecting the adhesive layer prior to application to said article.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
196 words
A marker for use with a magnetic-type electronic article surveillance system, said marker comprising: (a) a flexible substrate; (b) a plurality of magnetic thin-films deposited on said substrate, each of said magnetic thin-films having substantially the same high permeability and low coercive force so as to enable a state of magnetization therein to reverse upon exposure to low intensity, alternating magnetic fields typically associated with said system and having significantly anisotropic magnetic properties, wherein an easy axis of magnetization associated with some of the magnetic thin-films is substantially perpendicular to that of other magnetic thin-films such that the marker exhibits a substantially bi-directional response; and (c) a non-magnetic thin-film between each pair of adjacent magnetic thin-films, said non-magnetic thin-films having a thickness not less than one nm and not more than that of the adjacent magnetic thin-films, so as to allow magnetostatic coupling between adjacent magnetic thin-films, and yet sufficiently thick to inhibit exchange coupling between adjacent magnetic films, whereby magnetization states in all of said magnetostatically coupled magnetic thin films may reverse substantially as a single entity upon exposure to an alternating interrogation field of a said system and produce a sharp, readily distinguishable response.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
196 words
A marker for use with a magnetic-type electronic article surveillance system, said marker comprising: (a) a flexible substrate; (b) a plurality of magnetic thin-films deposited on said substrate, each of said magnetic thin-films having substantially the same high permeability and low coercive force so as to enable a state of magnetization therein to reverse upon exposure to low intensity, alternating magnetic fields typically associated with said system and having significantly anisotropic magnetic properties, wherein an easy axis of magnetization associated with some of the magnetic thin-films is substantially perpendicular to that of other magnetic thin-films such that the marker exhibits a substantially bi-directional response; and (c) a non-magnetic thin-film between each pair of adjacent magnetic thin-films, said non-magnetic thin-films having a thickness not less than one nm and not more than that of the adjacent magnetic thin-films, so as to allow magnetostatic coupling between adjacent magnetic thin-films, and yet sufficiently thick to inhibit exchange coupling between adjacent magnetic films, whereby magnetization states in all of said magnetostatically coupled magnetic thin films may reverse substantially as a single entity upon exposure to an alternating interrogation field of a said system and produce a sharp, readily distinguishable response.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
197 words
A marker for use with a magnetic-type electronic article surveillance system, said marker comprising: (a) a flexible substrate; (b) a plurality of magnetic thin-films deposited on said substrate, each of said magnetic thin-films having substantially the same high permeability and low coercive force so as to enable a state of magnetization therein to reverse upon exposure to low intensity, alternating magnetic fields typically associated with said system and having significantly anisotropic magnetic properties, wherein a first plurality of magnetic thin-films have a first easy axis of magnetization and a second plurality of magnetic thin-films have an easy axis of magnetization different from said first axis; and (c) a non-magnetic thin-film between each pair of adjacent magnetic thin-films, said non-magnetic thin-films having a thickness not less than one nm and not more than that of the adjacent magnetic thin-films, so as to allow magnetostatic coupling between adjacent magnetic thin-films, and yet sufficiently thick to inhibit exchange coupling between adjacent magnetic films, whereby magnetization states in all of said magnetostatically coupled magnetic thin films may reverse substantially as a single entity upon exposure to an alternating interrogation field of a said system and produce a sharp, readily distinguishable response.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
197 words
A marker for use with a magnetic-type electronic article surveillance system, said marker comprising: (a) a flexible substrate; (b) a plurality of magnetic thin-films deposited on said substrate, each of said magnetic thin-films having substantially the same high permeability and low coercive force so as to enable a state of magnetization therein to reverse upon exposure to low intensity, alternating magnetic fields typically associated with said system and having significantly anisotropic magnetic properties, wherein a first plurality of magnetic thin-films have a first easy axis of magnetization and a second plurality of magnetic thin-films have an easy axis of magnetization different from said first axis; and (c) a non-magnetic thin-film between each pair of adjacent magnetic thin-films, said non-magnetic thin-films having a thickness not less than one nm and not more than that of the adjacent magnetic thin-films, so as to allow magnetostatic coupling between adjacent magnetic thin-films, and yet sufficiently thick to inhibit exchange coupling between adjacent magnetic films, whereby magnetization states in all of said magnetostatically coupled magnetic thin films may reverse substantially as a single entity upon exposure to an alternating interrogation field of a said system and produce a sharp, readily distinguishable response.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-01-20 | 1995-07-22 | 1996-01-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-01-20 | 1999-07-22 | 2000-01-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-01-20 | 2003-07-22 | 2004-01-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |