US5044324A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Wood fiber crumbles
Assignee: Mountain Cat Inc
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Filing: 1989-04-24
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Granted: 1991-09-03
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Expires: 2009-04-24
Abstract
Abstract This invention is for wood fiber crumbles, and a method for making the same, for use as an animal litter, a petroleum spill absorbent, floor sweeping material, and mulch. Grists of an assortment of types of wood are combined and admixed, dried, moisturized, pelletized, and ground to form crumbles. Depending upon the selection types of wood utilized, the crumbles are capable of rapidly and efficiently absorbing animal excretions and petroleum, minimizing unpleasant odors, restricting the growth of microorganisms, repelling insect pests, and adding or removing nitrogen to soil when used as a mulch.
Inventors
- 👤 William M. Morgan
- 👤 Bill E. Williams
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 12:42
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01K; A01K1/00; A01K1/015; A01K1/0152; A01K1/0155
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of making wood fiber crumbles, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding bark, sawdust, lumber and/or chips to form grists of two or more types of wood consisting of western red cedar, red alder, larch, Ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, sugar pine, Engelmann spruce, Sitka spruce, Douglas fir, western hemlock and mountain hemlock; (b) drying the grists to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) combining and admixing the grists; (d) moistening the admixed grists to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (e) pelletizing the moistened admixed grists to form pellets; and (f) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of making wood fiber crumbles, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding bark, sawdust, lumber and/or chips to form grists of two or more types of wood consisting of western red cedar, red alder, larch, Ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, sugar pine, Engelmann spruce, Sitka spruce, Douglas fir, western hemlock and mountain hemlock; (b) drying the grists to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) combining and admixing the grists; (d) moistening the admixed grists to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (e) pelletizing the moistened admixed grists to form pellets; and (f) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 1 further comprising the additional steps of: (g) selecting and collecting crumbles with major dimension larger than one sixty-fourth inch and less than one quarter inch.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
88 words
The method of claim 2 wherein step (c) includes combining and admixing 10 to 25% by weight western red cedar grist with 75 to 90% by weight grist ground from one of red alder, larch, Ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, sugar pine, Douglas fir, Engelmann spruce or Sitka spruce, or with 75 to 90% by weight grists ground from any combination of red alder, larch, Ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, sugar pine, Douglas fir, Engelmann spruce and Sitka spruce, to make wood fiber crumbles for use as an animal litter.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 2 wherein step (g) includes screening the crumbles through a one-quarter inch screen to separate larger crumbles from smaller crumbles; and screening the smaller crumbles through a one sixty-fourth inch mesh screen, thereby collecting crumbles with major dimension larger than one sixty-fourth inch and less than one quarter inch.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 2 further comprising grinding in a corn grinder the larger crumbles again after step (g) to form additional smaller crumbles and then selecting and collecting said additional smaller crumbles.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 2 further comprising removing wood fiber dust during or after step (g).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 2 further comprising adding a quantity of an aroma enhancer to the crumbles after step (g) to enhance the aroma thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the aroma enhancer added is four to six drops of Western Red Cedar extract oil per 10 pounds of wood fiber crumbles.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method of claim 1 wherein step (c) includes combining and admixing one or more grists of alder, larch, Douglas fir, Engelmann spruce, Sitka Spruce, spruce, Ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, and/or sugar pine, but not western red cedar, to prepare wood fiber crumbles suitable for absorbing petroleum spills.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
Wood fiber crumbles prepared by the method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method of providing an animal litter, comprising spreading wood fiber crumbles prepared by the method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 to a height of 2 inches or more.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
63 words
The method of providing a mulch to add nitrogen to soil, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding red alder bark, sawdust, lumber and/or chips to form grist; (b) drying the grist to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) moistening the grist to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (d) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
63 words
The method of providing a mulch to add nitrogen to soil, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding red alder bark, sawdust, lumber and/or chips to form grist; (b) drying the grist to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) moistening the grist to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (d) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
76 words
A method of providing a mulch to remove nitrogen from the soil, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding western hemlock and/or mountain hemlock bark, sawdust, lumber and/or chips to form grist; (b) drying the grist to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) moistening the grist to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (d) pelletizing the moistened grist to form pellets; and (e) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
76 words
A method of providing a mulch to remove nitrogen from the soil, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding western hemlock and/or mountain hemlock bark, sawdust, lumber and/or chips to form grist; (b) drying the grist to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) moistening the grist to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (d) pelletizing the moistened grist to form pellets; and (e) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of providing a floor sweeping material, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding bark, sawdust, lumber, and/or chips to form grists of one or more of western red cedar, larch, Ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, sugar pine, Engelmann spruce, Sitka spruce, western hemlock, mountain hemlock, and red alder; (b) drying the grists to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) moistening the grists to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (d) pelletizing the moistened, combined grists to form pellets; and (e) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of providing a floor sweeping material, comprising the steps of: (a) grinding bark, sawdust, lumber, and/or chips to form grists of one or more of western red cedar, larch, Ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, sugar pine, Engelmann spruce, Sitka spruce, western hemlock, mountain hemlock, and red alder; (b) drying the grists to a maximum moisture content of 3% by weight; (c) moistening the grists to 12 to 16% moisture content by weight; (d) pelletizing the moistened, combined grists to form pellets; and (e) grinding the pellets in a corn grinder to form crumbles.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-09-02 | 1995-03-04 | 1995-09-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-09-02 | 1999-03-04 | 1999-09-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-09-02 | 2003-03-04 | 2003-09-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |