US5036006A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method for transporting substances into living cells and tissues and apparatus therefor
Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation Inc
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Filing: 1989-08-17
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Granted: 1991-07-30
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Expires: 2009-08-17
Abstract
Abstract Inert or biologically active particles are accelerated or propelled at cells at a speed such that the particles can penetrate the surface of the cells and become incorporated into the interior of the cells. The process can be used to mark cells or tissue or to biochemically affect tissues or tissue in situ as well as single cells in vitro. Apparatus for accelerating or propelling the particles toward target cells or tissues are also disclosed. A method for releasing particles adhered to a rotor device is also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 John C. Sanford
- 👤 Edward D. Wolf
- 👤 Nelson K. Allen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 16:04
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12N; C12N15/00; C12N15/09; C12N15/87; C12M; C12M35/00; C12M35/04; C12N15/63; C12N15/79; C12N15/82; C12N15/8201; C12N15/8206; C12N15/8207
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
61 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the cells are cells of monocot plants.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
61 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the cells are cells of monocot plants.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as in claim 1, wherein said cells of monocot plants are cells of graminaceous plants.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as in claim 2, wherein said cells of graminaceous plants are cells of a plant selected from the group consisting of wheat, rice and corn.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
61 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the cells are cells of dicot plants.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
61 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the cells are cells of dicot plants.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as in claim 4, wherein said cells of dicot plants are cells of a plant selected from the group consisting of tobacco and apple.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
62 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the cells are animal cells or fungal cells.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
62 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the cells are animal cells or fungal cells.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the particles comprise inert particles associated with viral nucleic acids in a biologically active form capable of replication inside the cell.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the particles comprise inert particles associated with viral nucleic acids in a biologically active form capable of replication inside the cell.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
75 words
A method of introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the particles comprise inert particles associated with RNA in a biologically active form capable of replication or translation inside the cell.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
75 words
A method of introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the particles comprise inert particles associated with RNA in a biologically active form capable of replication or translation inside the cell.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the particles comprise inert particles associated with DNA and the cells are capable of subsequently expressing genes encoded by said DNA.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
75 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells wherein the particles comprise inert particles associated with DNA and the cells are capable of subsequently expressing genes encoded by said DNA.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 9 where the cells are plant cells.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as in claim 10, wherein said plant cells are cells of monocot plants.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells, wherein said accelerating is by magnetic means.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells, wherein said accelerating is by magnetic means.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
62 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells, wherein said accelerating is by an expanding gas means.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
62 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells, wherein said accelerating is by an expanding gas means.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-07-29 | 1995-01-28 | 1995-07-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-01-28 | 1999-07-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-07-29 | 2003-01-28 | 2003-07-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |