US5013640A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Preparation of low viscosity small-particle photographic dispersions in gelatin
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing: 1989-06-15
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Granted: 1991-05-07
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Expires: 2009-06-15
Abstract
Abstract The invention is generally accomplished by utilization of a surfactant for very small particle photographic dispersions. Three types of such surfactants that have been identified are as follows: Type A--Surfactant comprising 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group. Type B--Block oligomeric surfactants comprising hydrophobic polyoxypropylene blocks (A) and hydrophilic polyoxyethylene blocks (B) joined in the manner of A-B-A, B-A-B, A-B, (A-B) n .tbd.G.tbd.(B-A), or (B-A) n .tbd.G.tbd.(A-B) n , where G is a connective organic moiety and n is between 1 and 3. Type C--Sugar surfactants, comprising between one to three 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic mono or oligosaccharidic chains that may or may not be terminated by a negatively charged group such as a sulfate group. The preferred colloid chemical criterion of the photographic dispersion material in this invention is that they are formed with particle diameters between about 5 nm and 100 nm that have been prepared by precipitation from solution by a solvent and/or pH shift.
Inventors
- 👤 Pranab Bagchi
- 👤 Gary J. McSweeney
- 👤 Steven J. Sargeant
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 07:55
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03C; G03C1/00; G03C1/005; G03C1/06; G03C1/38; C; C09; C09K; C09K23/00; C09K23/017; C09K23/16; G03C7/00; G03C7/30; G03C7/388; C09K23/22; C09K23/42; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S516/00; Y10S516/922
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
207 words
A melt consisting essentially of about 5 percent by weight gelatin, about 8 percent by weight coupler, and about 2 percent by weight surfactants, with the proviso that said coupler has a particle size below about 100 nm and said at least two surfactants selected from A. an amphiphilic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group, and B. a block oligomeric surfactant selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic polyoxypropylene blocks (A) and hydrophilic polyoxyethylene blocks (B) joined in the manner of A-B-A, B-A-B, A-B, (A-B) n .tbd.G.tbd.(B-A) n , or (B-A) n .tbd.G.tbd.(A-B) n , where G is a connective organic moiety and n is between 1 and 3, and C. a sugar surfactant selected from the group consisting of between one and three 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic mono or oligosaccharidic hydrophilic chains that may or may not be terminated by a negatively charged group such as a sulfate group, to obtain sufficient low viscosity for coating.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
207 words
A melt consisting essentially of about 5 percent by weight gelatin, about 8 percent by weight coupler, and about 2 percent by weight surfactants, with the proviso that said coupler has a particle size below about 100 nm and said at least two surfactants selected from A. an amphiphilic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group, and B. a block oligomeric surfactant selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic polyoxypropylene blocks (A) and hydrophilic polyoxyethylene blocks (B) joined in the manner of A-B-A, B-A-B, A-B, (A-B) n .tbd.G.tbd.(B-A) n , or (B-A) n .tbd.G.tbd.(A-B) n , where G is a connective organic moiety and n is between 1 and 3, and C. a sugar surfactant selected from the group consisting of between one and three 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic mono or oligosaccharidic hydrophilic chains that may or may not be terminated by a negatively charged group such as a sulfate group, to obtain sufficient low viscosity for coating.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein said hydrophobic tails of said amphiphilic surfactant comprise 6 to about 12 carbons.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein said small particles have a size of between about 10 and about 50 nm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The melt of claim 3 wherein said small particles are between about 10 and about 30 nm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein said surfactants are utilized in an amount below about 25% by weight of the small particles.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
43 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein said gelatin is present at about 5 percent by weight of said emulsion, said small particles comprise coupler, and said small particles are present in an amount of to about 8 percent by weight of said melt.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein the viscosity of said melt is less than 20 cP at 50° C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein said amphiphilic surfactant comprises ##STR19##
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein said sugar surfactant comprises ##STR20##
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The melt of claim 1 wherein said block surfactant comprises ##STR21## wherein a≃c≃10 b≃20, and the molecular weight is about 2,200.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
155 words
A melt consisting essentially of water, about 5 percent by weight gelatin, about 8 percent by weight coupler, and about 2 percent by weight surfactants, with the proviso that said coupler has a particle size below about 100 nm and said surfactants comprise at least one surfactant selected from A. amphiphilic surfactants comprising 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group, and at least one surfactant selected from the group B. block oligomeric surfactants comprising hydrophobic polyoxypropylene blocks (A) and hydrophilic polyoxyethylene blocks (B) joined in the manner of A-B-A, B-A-B, A-B, (A-B) n .tbd.G.tbd.(B-A) n , or (B-A) n .tbd.G.tbd.(A-B) n , where G is a connective organic moiety and n is between 1 and 3 to obtain sufficient low viscosity for coating.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
155 words
A melt consisting essentially of water, about 5 percent by weight gelatin, about 8 percent by weight coupler, and about 2 percent by weight surfactants, with the proviso that said coupler has a particle size below about 100 nm and said surfactants comprise at least one surfactant selected from A. amphiphilic surfactants comprising 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group, and at least one surfactant selected from the group B. block oligomeric surfactants comprising hydrophobic polyoxypropylene blocks (A) and hydrophilic polyoxyethylene blocks (B) joined in the manner of A-B-A, B-A-B, A-B, (A-B) n .tbd.G.tbd.(B-A) n , or (B-A) n .tbd.G.tbd.(A-B) n , where G is a connective organic moiety and n is between 1 and 3 to obtain sufficient low viscosity for coating.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The melt of claim 11 wherein said hydrophobic tails of said amphiphilic surfactant comprise 6 to 12 carbons.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
The melt of claim 11 wherein said small particles have a size of between about 10 and about 50 nm.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The melt of claim 3 wherein said small particles are between about 10 and about 30 nm.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
The melt of claim 11 wherein said surfactant is utilized in an amount below about 25% by weight of the small particles.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
44 words
The melt of claim 11 wherein said gelatin is present at about 5 percent by weight of said emulsion, said small particles comprise coupler, and said small particles are present in an amount of up to about 8 percent by weight of said melt.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The melt of claim 11 wherein the viscosity of said melt is less than 20 cP at 50°60 C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
The melt of claim 11 wherein said amphiphilic surfactant comprises ##STR22##
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The melt of claim 11 wherein said block surfactant comprises ##STR23## wherein a≃c≃10 b≃20, and the molecular weight is about 2,200.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
151 words
A melt consisting essentially of water, about 5 percent by weight gelatin about 8 percent by weight coupler, and about 2 percent by weight surfactants, with the proviso that said coupler has a particle size below about 100 nm and said surfactants comprise at least one surfactant selected from A. amphiphilic surfactants comprising 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group, and at least one surfactant selected from the group C. sugar surfactants, comprising between one and three 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic mono or oligosaccharidic hydrophilic chains that may or may not be terminated by a negatively charged group such as a sulfate group to obtain sufficient low viscosity for coating.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
151 words
A melt consisting essentially of water, about 5 percent by weight gelatin about 8 percent by weight coupler, and about 2 percent by weight surfactants, with the proviso that said coupler has a particle size below about 100 nm and said surfactants comprise at least one surfactant selected from A. amphiphilic surfactants comprising 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic chains comprising at least 8 oxyethylene and/or glycedyl ether groups that may or may not be terminated with a negative charge such as a sulfate group, and at least one surfactant selected from the group C. sugar surfactants, comprising between one and three 6 to 22 carbon atom hydrophobic tail with one or more attached hydrophilic mono or oligosaccharidic hydrophilic chains that may or may not be terminated by a negatively charged group such as a sulfate group to obtain sufficient low viscosity for coating.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The melt of claim 20 wherein said hydrophobic tails of said amphiphilic surfactant comprise 6 to about 12 carbons.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
The melt of claim 20 wherein said small particles have a size of between about 10 and about 50 nm.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The melt of claim 21 wherein said small particles are between about 10 and about 30 nm.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
The melt of claim 20 wherein said surfactant is utilized in an amount below about 25% be weight of the small particles.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
44 words
The melt of claim 20 wherein said gelatin is present at about 5 percent by weight of said emulsion, said small particles comprise coupler, and said small particles are present in an amount of up to about 8 percent by weight of said melt.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
The melt of claim 20 wherein said viscosity of said melt is less than 20 cP at 50° C.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The melt of claim 20 wherein said amphiphilic surfactant comprises ##STR24##
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
11 words
The melt of claim 20 wherein said sugar surfactant comprises ##STR25##
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