US4997271A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of and an apparatus for producing a required visual signal for direct observation from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light
Assignee: Central Research Laboratories Ltd
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Filing: 1989-10-04
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Granted: 1991-03-05
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Expires: 2009-10-04
Abstract
Abstract A required visual signal for direct observation is produced from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, such as ambient light. Light is transmitted from the first source to a defined surface or defined region distant from the first source. A means for modulating light is operated between at least a first mode and a second mode. This operation is synchronized with a varying of the intensity of at least one of the sources of light at or above a given frequency equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of the required visual signal. When the modulating means is in the first mode, this allows the required visual signal to be directly observed on the defined surface or in the defined region. When the modulating means is in the second mode, this allows the effect produced by any light from the second source incident on the defined surface or in the defined region to be reduced.
Inventors
- 👤 Ian A. Shanks
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 12:40
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N5/00; H04N5/74; H04N5/7416; H04N5/7441
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
176 words
A method of producing a required visual signal for direct observation from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, the method including the steps of: transmitting light from said first source to produce a required visual signal on a defined surface distant from said first source; operating a means for modulating light between at least a first mode and a second mode; and varying the intensity of at least one of the sources of light at or above a given frequency; wherein the operation of the modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronized so that said modulating means in said first mode allows the required visual signal to be directly observed on said defined surfaces and said modulating means in said second mode allows the effect produced by any light from said second source incident on said defined surface to be reduced and said given frequency is equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of said required visual signal.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
176 words
A method of producing a required visual signal for direct observation from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, the method including the steps of: transmitting light from said first source to produce a required visual signal on a defined surface distant from said first source; operating a means for modulating light between at least a first mode and a second mode; and varying the intensity of at least one of the sources of light at or above a given frequency; wherein the operation of the modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronized so that said modulating means in said first mode allows the required visual signal to be directly observed on said defined surfaces and said modulating means in said second mode allows the effect produced by any light from said second source incident on said defined surface to be reduced and said given frequency is equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of said required visual signal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
68 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said at least one of the sources of light comprises said first source, and the operation of said modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronised so that said modulating means is in said first mode when said first source emits more light and said first source emits less light when said modulating means is in said second mode.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
62 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein said first source of light comprises a plurality of sources of light and the method further comprises the step of varying the intensity of each of said plurality of sources of light with a different phase, the arrangement being such that each of said plurality of sources of light is energised at a different time.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
57 words
A method according to claim 3 wherein a plurality of said modulating means are used, at least one of said plurality of sources being associated with each said modulating means such that switching of each said modulating means is synchronized with the varying of the intensity of its associated at least one of said plurality of sources.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
62 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said at least one of the sources of light comprises said second source and the operation of said modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronised so that said second source emits more light when said modulating means is in said second mode than when said modulating means is in said first mode.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
50 words
A method according to claim 5 wherein the step of varying the intensity of said second source comprises the step of switching an optical shutter between an absorbing mode and a non-absorbing mode, the optical shutter being positioned between said second source and said defined surface or said defined region.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
86 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said modulating means is transparent in said first mode and non-transparent in said second mode and said modulating means forms at least part of a partition between a first section containing said first source and a second section containing said second source, said at least one of the sources comprising said second source whereby said second section is illuminated by said second source when said modulating means is non-transparent and said first section is illuminated by said first source.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
83 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein said at least one of the sources comprises said first source and said second source, and the method further comprises the step of switching another means for modulating light between a transparent mode and a non-transparent mode, the another modulating means forming at least part of another partition between said first section and said second section, said another modulating means being in said transparent mode when said modulating means is in said non-transparent mode and vice-versa.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
151 words
An apparatus for use in a method of producing a required visual signal on a defined surface for direct observation from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, the apparatus comprising means for modulating light, the modulating means having at least a first mode and a second mode, in use, said modulating means in said first mode allowing the required visual signal to be directly observed on a said defined surface distant from a said first source and said modulating means in said second mode allowing the effect produced by any light from said second source incident on said defined surface to be reduced and said modulating means being operable between said first mode and said second mode at or above a given frequency equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of a said required visual signal.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
151 words
An apparatus for use in a method of producing a required visual signal on a defined surface for direct observation from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, the apparatus comprising means for modulating light, the modulating means having at least a first mode and a second mode, in use, said modulating means in said first mode allowing the required visual signal to be directly observed on a said defined surface distant from a said first source and said modulating means in said second mode allowing the effect produced by any light from said second source incident on said defined surface to be reduced and said modulating means being operable between said first mode and said second mode at or above a given frequency equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of a said required visual signal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
62 words
An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the intensity of at least one of said first source and said second source can be varied at or above a frequency equal to or greater than said critical fusion frequency, the apparatus further comprising mans for synchronizing the varying of intensity of said at least one source with the operation of said modulating means.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
An apparatus according to claim 10 further comprising said first source and means for varying the intensity of said first source.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said modulating means in said first mode forms a scattering screen to provide said defined surface.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
An apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said modulating means in said first mode forms a reflective screen.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
An apparatus according to claim 13 further comprising a layer on the other side of said modulating means from said first source.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the layer is reflective when viewed from one direction and absorbing when viewed from the other direction.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
An apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the layer comprises a louvred panel and a reflective layer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
37 words
An apparatus according to claim 9 further comprising a screen for distributing light to provide said defined surface, said modulating means forming an optical shutter, being transmissive in said first mode and non-transmissive in said second mode.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
An apparatus according to claim 17 wherein said modulating means is a layer containing a liquid crystal material.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
An apparatus according to claim 18 wheren said modulating means comprises a polymer film containing microdroplets of the liquid crystal material.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
172 words
A method of producing a required visual signal for direct observation from a first source of light, the method including the steps of: transmitting light from said first source to produce a required visual signal in a defined region distant from said first source; operating a means for modulating light between at least a first mode and a second mode; and varying the intensity of at least one of said first source or a second source of light at or above a given frequency; wherein the operation of the modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronized so that said modulating means in said first mode allows the required visual signal to be directly observed in said defined region and said modulating means in said second mode allows the effect produced by any light from said second source incident in said defined region to be reduced and said given frequency is equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of said required visual signal.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
172 words
A method of producing a required visual signal for direct observation from a first source of light, the method including the steps of: transmitting light from said first source to produce a required visual signal in a defined region distant from said first source; operating a means for modulating light between at least a first mode and a second mode; and varying the intensity of at least one of said first source or a second source of light at or above a given frequency; wherein the operation of the modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronized so that said modulating means in said first mode allows the required visual signal to be directly observed in said defined region and said modulating means in said second mode allows the effect produced by any light from said second source incident in said defined region to be reduced and said given frequency is equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of said required visual signal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
67 words
A method according to claim 20 wherein at least one of the sources of light comprises said first source, and the operation of said modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronized so that said modulating means is in said first mode when said first source emits more light and said first source emits less light when said modulating means is in said second mode.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
62 words
A method according to claim 21 wherein said first source of light comprises a plurality of sources of light and the method further comprises the step of varying the intensity of each of said plurality of sources of light with a different phase, the arrangement being such that each of said plurality of sources of light is energized at a different time.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method according to claim 22 wherein a plurality of said modulating means are used, at least one of said plurality of sources being associated with each said modulating means such that switching of each said modulating means is synchronized with the varying of the intensity of its associated one of said plurality of sources.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
60 words
A method according to claim 20 wherein at least one of the sources of light comprises said second source and the operation of said modulating means and the varying of said intensity are synchronized so that said second source emits more light when said modulating means is in said second mode when said modulating means is in said first mode.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method according to claim 24 wherein the step of varying the intensity of said second source comprises the step of switching an optical shutter between an absorbing mode and a non-absorbing mode, an optical shutter being positioned between said second source and said defined regional.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
86 words
A method according to claim 20 wherein said modulating means is transparent in said first mode and non-transparent in said second mode and said modulating means forms at least part of a partition between a first section containing said first source and a second section containing said second source, said at least one of the sources comprising said second source whereby said second section is illuminated by said second source when said modulating means is non-transparent and said first section is illuminated by said first source.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
98 words
A method according to claim 26 wherein said at least one of the sources comprises said first source and second source, and the method further comprises the step of switching another means for modulating light betweena transparent mode and a non-transparent mode, the another modulating means forming at least part of another partition between said first section and said second section, said another modulating means being in said transparent mode when said modulating means is in said non-transparent mode and said anothe modulating means being in said non-transparent mode when said modulating means is in said transparent mode.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
139 words
An apparatus for use in a method of producing a required visual signal in a defined region for direct observation from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, the apparatus comprising means for modulating light, the modulating means having at least a first mode and a second mode, in use, said modulating means in said first mode allowing the required visual signal to be directly observed in a said defined region distant from said first source and said modulating means in said second source incident in said defined region to be reduced and said modulating means being operable between said first mode and said second mode at or above a given frequency equal to or greater than a critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of a said required visual signal.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
139 words
An apparatus for use in a method of producing a required visual signal in a defined region for direct observation from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, the apparatus comprising means for modulating light, the modulating means having at least a first mode and a second mode, in use, said modulating means in said first mode allowing the required visual signal to be directly observed in a said defined region distant from said first source and said modulating means in said second source incident in said defined region to be reduced and said modulating means being operable between said first mode and said second mode at or above a given frequency equal to or greater than a critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of a said required visual signal.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
62 words
An apparatus according to claim 28 wherein the intensity of at least one of said first source and said second source can be varied at or above a frequency equal to or greater than said critical fusion frequency, the apparatus further comprising means for synchronizing the varying of intensity of said at least one source with the operation of said modulating means.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
An apparatus according to claim 29 further comprising said first source and means for varying the intensity of said first source.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4072411A
Cited
JPS60165632A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-03-04 | 1994-09-03 | 1995-03-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-03-04 | 1998-09-03 | 1999-03-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-03-04 | 2002-09-03 | 2003-03-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |