US4994420A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method for forming ceramic materials, including superconductors
Assignee: Dow Silicones Corp
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Filing: 1989-10-12
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Granted: 1991-02-19
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Expires: 2009-10-12
Abstract
Abstract The specification discloses forming ceramic films, and especially high temperature superconductor films, by dissolving ceramic precursor metal iodides in organic solvents, applying them to a substrate, evaporating the solvent and pyrolyzing and annealing the resulting ceramic precursor metal iodide films.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald H. Baney
- 👤 Debora F. Bergstrom
- 👤 Bruce H. Justice
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 17:58
CPC Classifications
H; H10; H10N; H10N60/00; H10N60/01; H10N60/0268; H10N60/0296; H10N60/0548; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S505/00; Y10S505/725; Y10S505/737
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for forming metal oxides for use as ceramic materials or the like comprising: forming a solution comprising an organic solvent and at least one metal iodide; evaporating the organic solvent to leave a residue containing metal iodide; pyrolyzing said metal iodide in an oxygen containing atmosphere to convert it to a metal oxide.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
55 words
A method for forming metal oxides for use as ceramic materials or the like comprising: forming a solution comprising an organic solvent and at least one metal iodide; evaporating the organic solvent to leave a residue containing metal iodide; pyrolyzing said metal iodide in an oxygen containing atmosphere to convert it to a metal oxide.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 which additionally includes annealing said metal oxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 2 in which a plurality of different metal iodides are dissolved in an organic solvent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 3 in which a plurality of organic solvents are used to facilitate dissolution of said different metal iodides.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 in which a plurality of different metal iodides are dissolved in an organic solvent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 5 in which a plurality of organic solvents are used to facilitate dissolution of said different metal iodides.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 in which said solution of an organic solvent and at least one metal iodide is applied as a film over a substrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 7 in which said film is applied to a template crystal substrate to yield, when pyrolyzed in oxygen, an oriented film.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 8 which additionally includes annealing said metal oxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 7 in which soluble ceramic precursors in addition to said metal iodides are added to said solution.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 in which soluble ceramic precursors in addition to said metal iodides are added to said solution.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
88 words
A method for forming high temperature cuprate superconductors comprising: forming a solution by dissolving compatible, pyrolyzable metal compounds of a superconducting complex in at least one organic solvent in a molar ratio in accordance with the molar ratio of said metals in said superconductive complex, at least one of said pyrolyzable compounds being an iodide salt of one of said metals; evaporating said solvent to form a residue of said pyrolyzable compounds; said residue in an oxygen containing environment to convert said pyrolyzable metal compounds to metal oxides.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
88 words
A method for forming high temperature cuprate superconductors comprising: forming a solution by dissolving compatible, pyrolyzable metal compounds of a superconducting complex in at least one organic solvent in a molar ratio in accordance with the molar ratio of said metals in said superconductive complex, at least one of said pyrolyzable compounds being an iodide salt of one of said metals; evaporating said solvent to form a residue of said pyrolyzable compounds; said residue in an oxygen containing environment to convert said pyrolyzable metal compounds to metal oxides.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 12 which additionally includes annealing said metal oxides.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 13 wherein all of said pyrolyzable compounds comprise iodides of said metals.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 14 in which a plurality of organic solvents are used to facilitate dissolution of said metal iodides.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 12 wherein all of said pyrolyzable compounds comprise iodides.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 16 in which a plurality of organic solvents are used to facilitate dissolution of said metal iodides.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 12 in which a plurality of organic solvents are used to facilitate dissolution of said pyrolyzable metal compounds.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 12 in which said solution is applied as a film over a substrate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 19 in which said film is applied to a template crystal substrate to yield, when pyrolyzed in oxygen, an oriented film.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 20 which additionally includes annealing the metal oxide film.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 20 in which said solution is applied by one of dip coating, spin coating, spray coating or flow coating.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
131 words
A method for forming high temperature superconductors of the general formula Ln 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O.sub.(7-d), Ln (7-d), where Ln is selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu), and d is less than .5, said method comprising: forming a solution by dissolving compatible, pyrolyzable compounds of Ln, Ba and Cu in at least one organic solvent in a molar ratio of approximately 1:2:3, at least one of said pyrolyzable compounds being an iodide salt of one of said metals; evaporating said solvent to form a residue of said pyrolyzable compounds; pyrolyzing said residue in an oxygen containing environment to convert them to oxides.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
131 words
A method for forming high temperature superconductors of the general formula Ln 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O.sub.(7-d), Ln (7-d), where Ln is selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu), and d is less than .5, said method comprising: forming a solution by dissolving compatible, pyrolyzable compounds of Ln, Ba and Cu in at least one organic solvent in a molar ratio of approximately 1:2:3, at least one of said pyrolyzable compounds being an iodide salt of one of said metals; evaporating said solvent to form a residue of said pyrolyzable compounds; pyrolyzing said residue in an oxygen containing environment to convert them to oxides.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 23 which additionally includes annealing the metal oxide film.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 24 in which said solution is applied as a film over a substrate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 25 in which said film is applied to a template crystal substrate to yield, when pyrolyzed in oxygen, an oriented film.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 25 in which soluble ceramic precursors in addition to said metal iodides are added to said solution.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 23 in which said solution is applied as a film over a substrate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 28 in which said film is applied to a template crystal substrate to yield, when pyrolyzed in oxygen, an oriented film.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 23 wherein all of said pyrolyzable compounds comprise iodides.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 30 in which a plurality of organic solvents are used to facilitate dissolution of said metal iodides.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 23 wherein all of said pyrolyzable compounds comprise iodides.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 32 which additionally includes annealing the metal oxide film.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 23 in which said oxygen containing environment is kept free of carbon dioxide.
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