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US4993394A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Fuel injection internal combustion engines
Assignee: Delphi Technologies Inc
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Filing: 1989-07-07
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Granted: 1991-02-19
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Expires: 2009-07-07
Abstract
Abstract In a spark ignition engine, fuel is injected directly into the cylinder volume. In order to obtain improved levels of combustion efficiency and reduced emissions the position of the fuel cloud within the cylinder volume is varied with engine load by controlled variation of fuel injection pressure. In particular, there is disclosed a method and apparatus for injection of fuel by compressed air where the position of the fuel cloud within the cylinder volume is controlled by conjoint control of fuel and air injection pressure. The invention has particular application to two-stroke cycle engines.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael L. McKay
- 👤 Steven R. Ahern
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 11:47
CPC Classifications
F; F02; F02M; F02M51/00; F02M51/06; F02M51/061; F02M51/0625; F02M51/0635; F02M51/0642; F02M51/0653; F02D; F02D7/00; F02D7/02; F02M51/08; F02M69/00; F02M69/08; F02M69/16; F02B; F02B75/00; F02B75/02; F02B2075/022; F02B2075/025; F02B75/12; F02B2075/125; F02B61/00; F02B61/04; F02B61/045; Y; Y02; Y02T; Y02T10/00; Y02T10/10; Y02T10/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
195 words
A method of controlling the fuel distribution in the combustion chamber of a spark ignited internal combustion engine comprising entraining a metered quantity of fuel in a gas under pressure to form a fuel-gas charge, the quantity of fuel being metered in response to the engine load as the fuel is delivered for entrainment into the gas, directly injecting the fuel-gas charge into the combustion chamber through a nozzle under an injection pressure determined by the pressure of the gas so the fuel penetrates into the combustion chamber a distance dependent upon said injection pressure, the fuel-gas charge being injected at one injection pressure when the engine is operation with at least one of engine speed and engine load below a preselected value, and increasing the fuel-gas charge injection pressure in response to said at least one of engine speed and engine load exceeding said preselected value so that the fuel penetrates into the combustion chamber a greater distance at engine loads or speeds above said preselected value, the fuel being maintained at a predetermined pressure differential above the gas over substantially the whole of said at least one of engine speed and engine load.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
195 words
A method of controlling the fuel distribution in the combustion chamber of a spark ignited internal combustion engine comprising entraining a metered quantity of fuel in a gas under pressure to form a fuel-gas charge, the quantity of fuel being metered in response to the engine load as the fuel is delivered for entrainment into the gas, directly injecting the fuel-gas charge into the combustion chamber through a nozzle under an injection pressure determined by the pressure of the gas so the fuel penetrates into the combustion chamber a distance dependent upon said injection pressure, the fuel-gas charge being injected at one injection pressure when the engine is operation with at least one of engine speed and engine load below a preselected value, and increasing the fuel-gas charge injection pressure in response to said at least one of engine speed and engine load exceeding said preselected value so that the fuel penetrates into the combustion chamber a greater distance at engine loads or speeds above said preselected value, the fuel being maintained at a predetermined pressure differential above the gas over substantially the whole of said at least one of engine speed and engine load.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pressure fo the gas effects delivery of the fuel through the nozzle.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method of fuel distribution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said injection pressure is varied in response to the engine operating at a speed above a predetermined value.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the pressure of the fuel is increased in response to at least one of engine speed and engine load being above said predetermined value whereby the gas pressure is correspondingly increased.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of controlling fuel distribution in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprising combining a metered quantity of fuel delivered at a fuel delivery pressure and a gas mass, directly injecting the fuel-gas mixture so formed at a mixture delivery pressure through a nozzle into the combustion chamber, regulating the pressure differential between the fuel and gas mass to maintain a substantially uniform pressure diferential over the engine load, and controlling the pressure of the fuel-gas mixture during delivery to the combustion chamber so said pressure is increased in response to an engine load above a predetermined value, whereby the extent of penetration of the fuel into the chamber is increased.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
114 words
A method of controlling fuel distribution in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprising combining a metered quantity of fuel delivered at a fuel delivery pressure and a gas mass, directly injecting the fuel-gas mixture so formed at a mixture delivery pressure through a nozzle into the combustion chamber, regulating the pressure differential between the fuel and gas mass to maintain a substantially uniform pressure diferential over the engine load, and controlling the pressure of the fuel-gas mixture during delivery to the combustion chamber so said pressure is increased in response to an engine load above a predetermined value, whereby the extent of penetration of the fuel into the chamber is increased.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method of distributing fuel as claimed in claim 5 wherein the pressure of the fuel is regulated to increase in response to said engine load above said predetermined value.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method of distributing fuel as claimed in claim 1 or 5 wherein said predetermined value of engine load is determined by determining the engine attaining a predetermined speed.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
Method of claim 1 or 5, when used to operate a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
Method of claim 1 or 5, when used to operate a fuel injection system in a two stoke cycle internal combustion engine.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
Method as claimed in claim 1 or 5, when used to operate a fuel injection system in an automobile internal combustion engine.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
Method as claimed in claim 1 or 5, when used to operate a fuel injection system in an internal combustion outboard marine engine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
67 words
In a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine wherein fuel is metered into a gas and prepelled by the pressure of the gas into the engine, a combined fuel and gas pressure regulator comprising first means to regulate the fuel pressure to a first predetermined pressure above atmospheric pressure, and second means to regulate the gas pressure to a predetermined value below the fuel pressure.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
67 words
In a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine wherein fuel is metered into a gas and prepelled by the pressure of the gas into the engine, a combined fuel and gas pressure regulator comprising first means to regulate the fuel pressure to a first predetermined pressure above atmospheric pressure, and second means to regulate the gas pressure to a predetermined value below the fuel pressure.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
114 words
The combination claimed in claim 12 wherein the first means comprise a fuel chamber and an air chamber separated by a movable wall, a fuel inlet port and a fuel return port in said fuel chamber, means to selectively open said fuel return port in response to movement of said wall in one direction, biasing means resisting movement of the wall in said direction, a vent port in said air chamber to admit atmospheric air thereto, said biasing means and atmospheric air in the air chamber together permitting movement of the wall to open the return port when the pressure of the fuel in the fuel chamber is above above said first predetermined pressure.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
118 words
The combination claimed in claim 13 wherein said second means comprises a gas chamber and a further fuel chamber separated by a further movable wall therebetween, said further fuel chamber communicating with the fuel chamber of the first means, and a gas inlet port and a gas by-pass port in said gas chamber, means to selectively open said gas by-pass port in response to movement of said further wall in one direction, further biasing means urging said wall to move in said one direction, said further biasing means and the pressure in said gas chamber effecting movement of said further wall to open said by-pass port when the pressure in the gas chamber is above said predetermined value.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
34 words
The combination claimed in any one of claims 12 to 14 wherein means are provided to selectively increase the force applied by the biasing means to raise said first predetermined pressure of the fuel.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
79 words
A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine wherein a quantity of fuel is metered under pressure into a gas to form a fuel gas charge, characterized in that the fuel pressure is regulated to a preselected value, wherein the regulated fuel pressure is selectable between at least two predetermined values, and the gas pressure is regulated relative to the fuel pressure to maintain a predetermined pressure differential between the fuel and gas during metering of the fuel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
79 words
A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine wherein a quantity of fuel is metered under pressure into a gas to form a fuel gas charge, characterized in that the fuel pressure is regulated to a preselected value, wherein the regulated fuel pressure is selectable between at least two predetermined values, and the gas pressure is regulated relative to the fuel pressure to maintain a predetermined pressure differential between the fuel and gas during metering of the fuel.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
28 words
A fuel injection system as claimed in claim 16 wherein the regulated fuel pressure is increased in response to the engine load demand increasing above a predetermined value.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
A fuel injection system as claimed in claim 16 wherein the regulated fuel pressure is increased in response to the engine speed increasing above a predetermined value.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
A fuel injection system as claimed in claim 16, 17, 12, 13, or 14, when a component of an internal combustion engine.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
Fuel injection system of claim 16, 17, 12, 13, or 14, in a two stoke cycle internal combustion engine.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
Fuel injection system of claim 16, 17, 12, 13, or 14, when a component of an automobile internal combustion engine.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
21 words
Fuel injection system of claim 16, 17, 12, 13, or 14, when a component of an internal combustion outboard marine engine.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-02-18 | 1994-08-20 | 1995-02-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-02-18 | 1998-08-20 | 1999-02-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-02-18 | 2002-08-20 | 2003-02-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |