Patent US2743078A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4987377A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4987377A
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Field emitter array integrated distributed amplifiers
Assignee: United States Department of the Navy
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Filing: 1989-10-31
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Granted: 1991-01-22
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Expires: 2009-10-31
Abstract
Abstract Distributed amplifiers in integrated circuit form wherein dielectric matel and electrically conductive material combine to form field emitter cathodes, grids, and anodes in a module forming one or more amplifier cells embedded in a matrix of reactive impedances that form companion stripline-like transmission lines in a vacuum or sufficiently low pressure gas such that electrons remain unscattered during travel over trajectories from cathode to anode in a cell.
Inventors
- 👤 Henry F. Gray
- 👤 Richard F. Greene
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 08:19
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03F; H03F1/00; H03F1/08; H03F1/18; H01; H01J; H01J3/00; H01J3/02; H01J3/021; H01J3/022; H03F3/00; H03F3/60; H03F3/605
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
228 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid: and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause; (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously; and wherein said plurality of field emitters is at least three field emitters, one of said at least three field emitters being in the shape of a cone, a second of said at least three field emitters being in the shape of a pyramid, and a third of said at least three field emitters being in the shape of au elongate wedge.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
228 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid: and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause; (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously; and wherein said plurality of field emitters is at least three field emitters, one of said at least three field emitters being in the shape of a cone, a second of said at least three field emitters being in the shape of a pyramid, and a third of said at least three field emitters being in the shape of au elongate wedge.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
201 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein; said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously; and wherein: said grid is a plurality of strips in electrical parallel with one another; and said anode is a generally planar strip cooperating with each of said plurality of strips to form said output waveguide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
201 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein; said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously; and wherein: said grid is a plurality of strips in electrical parallel with one another; and said anode is a generally planar strip cooperating with each of said plurality of strips to form said output waveguide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
219 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: au anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) response to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously, and wherein at least a portion of said grid is formed by a pair of grid striplines in electrical parallel with one another, the distance between said grid striplines transverse to the direction of propagation of said signals being said slot means associated with at least one of said plurality of field emitters.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
219 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: au anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) response to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously, and wherein at least a portion of said grid is formed by a pair of grid striplines in electrical parallel with one another, the distance between said grid striplines transverse to the direction of propagation of said signals being said slot means associated with at least one of said plurality of field emitters.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
The amplifier of claim 3, wherein at least a portion of said anode is formed of a pair of anode striplines in electrical parallel with one another.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
The amplifier of claim 4, wherein said pair of anode striplines are separated from one another by a distance greater than said distance between said grid striplines.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
The amplifier of claim 3, wherein said grid striplines are a pair of rails disposed on either side of said plurality of field emitters, and at least a portion of said anode is a unitary and generally planar member.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
184 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprising a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously and; wherein said input and said output waveguides follow a meandering path in substantial registry with one another.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
184 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said anode and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprising a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously and; wherein said input and said output waveguides follow a meandering path in substantial registry with one another.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
192 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said node and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously; and wherein said anode and said grid lie in substantially the same plane in the vicinity of at least one of said plurality of field emitters.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
192 words
A distributed amplifier comprising: an anode; a cathode; a grid; and a dielectric means for establishing a capacitance between said cathode and said grid, and for establishing a capacitance between said node and said grid; wherein: said cathode and said grid are adapted to form an input waveguide for said amplifier; said anode and said grid are adapted to form an output waveguide for said amplifier; said cathode comprises a plurality of field emitters, each field emitter of said plurality of field emitters being associated with a slot means in said grid for permitting electrons from said each field emitter to travel through said grid to said anode; and the size, shape, and material of said cathode, grid, anode, and dielectric means are selected to cause: (1) responsive to the presence of an electromagnetic signal in said input waveguide, the creation of an electromagnetic signal in said output waveguide; and (2) both said signals to arrive at each of said plurality of field emitters substantially simultaneously; and wherein said anode and said grid lie in substantially the same plane in the vicinity of at least one of said plurality of field emitters.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4780684A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-01-21 | 1994-07-23 | 1995-01-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-01-21 | 1998-07-23 | 1999-01-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-01-21 | 2002-07-23 | 2003-01-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |