US4975172A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Ionomeric polymers with ionomer membrane in pressure tolerant gas diffusion electrodes
Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Filing: 1988-03-02
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Granted: 1990-12-04
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Expires: 2008-03-02
Abstract
Abstract Gas diffusion electrodes and gas generating or consuming electrochemical cells utilizing the same are disclosed. The electrode includes an electronically conductive and electrochemically active porous body defining respective gas and electrolyte contacting surfaces, with an ionomeric ionically conductive gas impermeable layer covering the electrolyte contacting surface. The layer includes a layer of a hydrophilic ionic polymer applied directly to the electrolyte contacting surface and a membrane of a hydrophilic ion exchange resin overlying the polymer layer.
Inventors
- 👤 Ernest B. Yeager
- 👤 Donald A. Tryk
- 👤 M. Sohrab Hossain
- 👤 Arnold Z. Gordon
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 22:54
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B9/00; H; H01; H01M; H01M12/00; H01M12/04; H01M12/06; H01M4/00; H01M4/86; H01M4/90; H01M4/9008; H01M4/96
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 37
Claim 1
Independent Claim
89 words
A gas diffusion electrode adapted for use in a gas generating or consuming electrochemical cell utilizing a liquid electrolyte, said electrode comprising an electronically conductive and electrochemically active porous body defining respective gas and electrolyte contacting surfaces and an ionomeric ionically conductive gas impermeable layer covering substantially the entire said electrolyte contacting surface, said layer comprising a layer of a hydrophilic ionic polymer applied as a liquid solution directly to said entire electrolyte contacting surface and a membrane of a hydrophilic ion exchange resin directly overlying said polymer layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
89 words
A gas diffusion electrode adapted for use in a gas generating or consuming electrochemical cell utilizing a liquid electrolyte, said electrode comprising an electronically conductive and electrochemically active porous body defining respective gas and electrolyte contacting surfaces and an ionomeric ionically conductive gas impermeable layer covering substantially the entire said electrolyte contacting surface, said layer comprising a layer of a hydrophilic ionic polymer applied as a liquid solution directly to said entire electrolyte contacting surface and a membrane of a hydrophilic ion exchange resin directly overlying said polymer layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said resin comprises a polymer backbone grafted with quaternized vinyl benzene amine.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrode of claim 2 wherein said polymer backbone comprises a fluorinated polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The electrode of claim 3 wherein said polymer backbone comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said resin comprises a quaternized ammonium polymer
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrode of claim 5 wherein said resin comprises a tetraalkylammonium polymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said ionic polymer is a cationic polymer and said membrane comprises an anion exchange resin.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrode of claim 7 wherein said polymer comprises poly(dimetnyl diallyl ammonium chloride).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrode of claim 8 wherein said membrane comprises a perfluorinated polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electrode of claim 9 wherein said perfluorinated polymer comprises a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said polymer is an anionic polymer and said membrane comprises a cation exchange resin.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrode of claim 11 wherein said polymer comprise poly (styrene sulfonic acid).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
40 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said porous body comprises a laminate of a porous hydrophobic layer defining said gas contacting surface, and a porous active layer defining said electrolyte contacting surface, said active layer comprising an electrochemically active material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrode of claim 13 wherein said electrochemically active material comprises carbon.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electrode of claim 13 wherein a catalyst is adsorbed on said active material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrode of claim 15 wherein said catalyst is cobalt tetramethoxyphenyl porphyrin.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
153 words
An electrochemical cell, comprising: (a) a gas diffusion electrode comprising an electronically conductive and electrochemically active porous body defining respective gas and electrolyte contacting surfaces, and an ionomeric ionically conductive gas impermeable layer covering substantially the entire said electrolyte contacting surface, said layer comprising a layer of a hydrophilic ionic polymer applied as a liquid solution directly to said entire electrolyte contacting surface and a membrane of a hydrophilic ion exchange resin directly overlying said polymer layer; (b) a counter electrode spaced from said gas diffusion electrode; (c) a liquid electrolyte in contact with said counter electrode and with said membrane on said electrolyte contacting surface of said gas diffusion electrode; (d) either a gas to be consumed via oxidation or reduction or gas formed via electrolytic generation in contact with said gas contacting surface of said gas diffusion electrode; and, (e) circuit connections between said gas diffusion electrode and said counter electrode.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
153 words
An electrochemical cell, comprising: (a) a gas diffusion electrode comprising an electronically conductive and electrochemically active porous body defining respective gas and electrolyte contacting surfaces, and an ionomeric ionically conductive gas impermeable layer covering substantially the entire said electrolyte contacting surface, said layer comprising a layer of a hydrophilic ionic polymer applied as a liquid solution directly to said entire electrolyte contacting surface and a membrane of a hydrophilic ion exchange resin directly overlying said polymer layer; (b) a counter electrode spaced from said gas diffusion electrode; (c) a liquid electrolyte in contact with said counter electrode and with said membrane on said electrolyte contacting surface of said gas diffusion electrode; (d) either a gas to be consumed via oxidation or reduction or gas formed via electrolytic generation in contact with said gas contacting surface of said gas diffusion electrode; and, (e) circuit connections between said gas diffusion electrode and said counter electrode.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said gas is an oxygen containing gas.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cell of claim 18 wherein said gas is air.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein at least one of said liquid electrolyte and said gas are flowed through said cell.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
18 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said resin comprises a polymer backbone grafted with quaternized vinyl benzene amine.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cell of claim 21 wherein said polymer backbone comprises a fluorinated polymer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cell of claim 22 wherein said polymer backbone comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said resin comprises a quaternized ammonium polymer.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 24 wherein said resin comprises a tetraalkylammonium polymer.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said ionic polymer is a cationic polymer and said membrane comprises an anion exchange resin.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cell of claim 26 wherein said polymer comprises poly (dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride).
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 27 wherein said membrane comprises a perfluorinated polymer.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cell of claim 28 wherein said perfluorinated polymer comprises a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said polymer is an anionic polymer and said membrane comprises a cation exchange resin.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The cell of claim 30 wherein said polyner comprises poly (styrene sulfonic acid).
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
39 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said porous body comprises a laminate of a porous hydrophobic layer defining said gas contacting surface, and porous active layer defining said electrolyte contacting surface, said active layer comprising an electrochemically active material.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 32 wherein said electrochemically active material comprises carbon.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cell of claim 32 wherein a catalyst is adsorbed on said active material.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 34 wherein said catalyst is cobalt tetramethoxyphenyl porphyrin.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-12-03 | 1994-06-04 | 1994-12-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-12-03 | 1998-06-04 | 1998-12-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-12-03 | 2002-06-04 | 2002-12-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |